Article
Engineering, Environmental
Danni Zhang, Yuhao Zhao, Jiansheng Wu
Summary: Carbon sink in terrestrial ecosystems is crucial for achieving carbon neutrality and sustainable development goals. The study reveals that China's ecosystems acted as a carbon source in 2017, but the eastern region served as a carbon sink. The potential for the transformation from carbon sink to carbon source is expected to increase in central, eastern, and western China, with precipitation playing a significant role in carbon balance. Additionally, the central subtropical broad-leaved evergreen zone is identified as a key region for future carbon sequestration.
RESOURCES CONSERVATION AND RECYCLING
(2023)
Article
Agronomy
Liguo Zhou, Xiang Zhang, Yiping Zhang, Qinghai Song, Sai Tay Zar Myo, Ruiwu Zhou, Youxing Lin, Yuntong Liu, Kechen Bai, Palingamoorthy Gnanamoorthy, D. Balasubramanian
Summary: Studies have shown that tropical rainforests are sensitive to drought, resulting in decreased photosynthetic capacity and increased mortality. However, research on the impact of occasional droughts is insufficient as rainforests tend to recover within a few years. In a study conducted on the Xishuangbanna rainforest in Asia, extensive damage was observed after six years of drought treatment. The carbon pool of plants decreased significantly, while soil carbon accumulated. Drought also reduced the number of seedlings per unit area. The results suggest that the long-term impact of drought on rainforests is significant, highlighting the need to reassess the long-term drought sensitivity of forest ecosystems.
AGRICULTURAL AND FOREST METEOROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Environmental Studies
Jiasheng Li, Xiaomin Guo, Xiaowei Chuai, Fangjian Xie, Feng Yang, Runyi Gao, Xuepeng Ji
Summary: Land use changes and climate change have significantly impacted the terrestrial ecosystem carbon balance in China. Research found that from 2000 to 2015, there were noticeable regional variations in carbon balance, with North and Northwest China acting as carbon sources while other regions were carbon sinks. Net Ecosystem Productivity (NEP) showed an increasing trend throughout the regions, except for the Mid-South region.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Qingwei Zhuang, Zhenfeng Shao, Deren Li, Xiao Huang, Yuzhen Li, Orhan Altan, Shixin Wu
Summary: Urban expansion has a negative impact on terrestrial vegetation, and its mechanism remains unclear with no systematic investigations. This study designs a theoretical framework to explain regional disparities and quantify the impacts of urban expansion on net ecosystem productivity (NEP). The findings show that global urban expanded by 37.60 x 104 km2 during 1990-2017, contributing to vegetation carbon loss. However, certain climatic changes caused by urban expansion indirectly enhance vegetation carbon sequestration potential. The direct decrease in NEP due to urban expansion offsets the indirect increase, providing insights for carbon neutrality and sustainable urban development.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Agronomy
Daniel Plenet, Julie Borg, Quentin Barra, Claude Bussi, Laurent Gomez, Mohamed-Mahmoud Memah, Francoise Lescourret, Gilles Vercambre
Summary: This study evaluates the carbon fixation and accumulation capacity of peach orchards under different management systems. The results show that reducing inputs and increasing planting density in orchards can enhance the carbon sink capacity.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF AGRONOMY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Katharyn A. Duffy, Christopher R. Schwalm, Vickery L. Arcus, George W. Koch, Liyin L. Liang, Louis A. Schipper
Summary: The temperature dependence of global photosynthesis and respiration influences the strength of land carbon sink, with the average temperature of the warmest quarter exceeding the thermal maximum for photosynthesis over the past decade, leading to a potential halving of land sink strength in the future.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Bin He, Chen Chen, Shangrong Lin, Wenping Yuan, Hans W. Chen, Deliang Chen, Yafeng Zhang, Lanlan Guo, Xiang Zhao, Xuebang Liu, Shilong Piao, Ziqian Zhong, Rui Wang, Rui Tang
Summary: The interannual variability of atmospheric vapor pressure deficit has global impacts on terrestrial carbon sinks and atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations. It is necessary to determine the dominating factors affecting the carbon sink's interannual variability in order to improve predictions of future carbon sinks. This study shows that vapor pressure deficit significantly impacts net ecosystem production and the interannual variability of atmospheric CO2 growth rate, highlighting its importance in assessing ecosystems' responses to future climate conditions.
NATIONAL SCIENCE REVIEW
(2022)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
K. Arthur Endsley, John S. Kimball, Rolf H. Reichle
Summary: In the northern hemisphere, terrestrial ecosystems transition from CO2 sources in winter to carbon sinks in spring. A phase bias in seasonal cycles of ecosystem respiration (RECO) and net ecosystem exchange (NEE) estimated by a carbon flux model framework is diagnosed, and its link to soil respiration mechanisms is investigated. Proposed modifications to the model include the inhibition of foliar respiration in the light, a seasonally varying litterfall phenology, an O-2 diffusion limitation on heterotrophic respiration, and a vertically resolved soil decomposition model. Applying these enhancements improves the skill of RECO and NEE estimations compared to in situ observations.
JOURNAL OF ADVANCES IN MODELING EARTH SYSTEMS
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Shangrong Lin, Zhongmin Hu, Yingping Wang, Xiuzhi Chen, Bin He, Zhaoliang Song, Shaobo Sun, Chaoyang Wu, Yi Zheng, Xiaosheng Xia, Liyang Liu, Jing Tang, Qing Sun, Fortunat Joos, Wenping Yuan
Summary: This study found that current TEMs substantially underestimate the interannual variability (IAV) of GPP, especially in nonforest ecosystem types. One possible cause is that the models underestimate the changes of canopy physiology responding to climate change. The differences between the simulated and observed interannual variations of leaf area index (LAI) also contribute to the underestimation of IAV.
GLOBAL BIOGEOCHEMICAL CYCLES
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Yutao Huang, Fang Wang, Lijuan Zhang, Junfang Zhao, Hong Zheng, Fan Zhang, Nan Wang, Jiakai Gu, Yufeng Zhao, Wenshuai Zhang
Summary: This study used the NDVI, average temperature, and sunshine hours to simulate the NEP in China from 2000 to 2019. The results showed that the NEP of terrestrial ecosystems in China exhibited a significant increasing trend and remained as carbon sinks during this period. There were spatial differences in the NEP distribution, with higher values in the eastern part compared to the western part. Vegetation changes and CO2 concentration changes both contributed to the increase in NEP, with vegetation changes being the main factor.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Bingqing Sun, Jiaqiang Du, Fangfang Chong, Lijuan Li, Xiaoqian Zhu, Guangqing Zhai, Zebang Song, Jialin Mao
Summary: Using the Yellow River Basin as the study area, the changes in regional terrestrial ecosystem carbon storage were assessed and the main influencing factors were explored. The results showed that the total carbon storage in the basin in 2020 was approximately 8.84 x 10^9 t, with soil carbon storage accounting for the largest proportion. The forest ecosystem was the main contributor to the increase in carbon storage, and elevation, temperature, and precipitation were the main factors influencing the spatial pattern of carbon storage.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Huihui Feng, Shu Wang, Bin Zou, Zhuoling Yang, Shihan Wang, Wei Wang
Summary: This study successfully isolated the contribution of land use and cover change (LUCC) to terrestrial carbon uptake through trajectory analysis. The results showed significant increasing trends in global mean net ecosystem production (NEP) and total carbon uptake, with climate change acting as the dominant factor. Future scenarios predicted a further increase in terrestrial carbon uptake due to global afforestation.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Jiaxiang Liu, Zheng Wang, Yafeng Duan, Xinrui Li, Mingyang Zhang, Huiyu Liu, Peng Xue, Haibo Gong, Xing Wang, Yu Chen, Yinuo Geng
Summary: This study used landscape pattern and data analysis methods to explore the impact of land use dynamics on Net Ecosystem Productivity (NEP) in China. The results showed that most regions did not experience significant changes in NEP, while land use patterns exhibited increased fragmentation and shape complexity, decreased connectivity, and trend shifts. The relationship between land use patterns and NEP was insignificant in most areas, but significant in some regions. These findings emphasize the importance of nonlinear analysis in understanding the spatial-temporal changes of NEP and land use patterns, and deepen our understanding of the impacts of land use changes on NEP.
ECOLOGICAL INDICATORS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Gustau Camps-Valls, Manuel Campos-Taberner, Alvaro Moreno-Martinez, Sophia Walther, Gregory Duveiller, Alessandro Cescatti, Miguel D. Mahecha, Jordi Munoz-Mari, Francisco Javier Garcia-Haro, Luis Guanter, Martin Jung, John A. Gamon, Markus Reichstein, Steven W. Running
Summary: This study generalized commonly used vegetation indices by exploiting higher-order relations between spectral channels, resulting in increased sensitivity to vegetation physiological and biophysical parameters. The nonlinear NDVI consistently improved accuracy in monitoring key parameters, suggesting potential for more precise measurements of terrestrial carbon dynamics.
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Shilong Piao, Yue He, Xuhui Wang, Fahu Chen
Summary: The article reviews the principles, frameworks and methods of estimating carbon sink in China's terrestrial ecosystems, as well as identifying key issues for improving accuracy and precision in order to serve more realistic policy making towards achieving carbon neutrality in China.
SCIENCE CHINA-EARTH SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Lucas Gloege, Galen A. McKinley, Peter Landschuetzer, Amanda R. Fay, Thomas L. Froelicher, John C. Fyfe, Tatiana Ilyina, Steve Jones, Nicole S. Lovenduski, Keith B. Rodgers, Sarah Schlunegger, Yohei Takano
Summary: Reducing uncertainty in the global carbon budget requires better quantification of ocean CO2 uptake and its temporal variability. The study demonstrates that a neural-network approach and large ensemble Earth system models can skillfully reconstruct air-sea CO2 fluxes with sufficient data, although challenges remain in accurately capturing regional variations and decadal variability, especially in the Southern Hemisphere and tropical regions.
GLOBAL BIOGEOCHEMICAL CYCLES
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
William R. Wieder, Zachary Butterfield, Keith Lindsay, Danica L. Lombardozzi, Gretchen Keppel-Aleks
Summary: It is found that while the Community Earth System Model (CESM2) has shown relative improvements in many terrestrial carbon cycle benchmarks compared to its predecessor, its interannual variability (IAV) in net terrestrial carbon fluxes did not show similar improvements. The low IAV in net fluxes may have resulted from low variability in gross primary productivity (GPP), especially in the tropics, and a high covariation between GPP and ecosystem respiration.
GLOBAL BIOGEOCHEMICAL CYCLES
(2021)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Samuel C. Mogen, Nicole S. Lovenduski, Allysa R. Dallmann, Luke Gregor, Adrienne J. Sutton, Steven J. Bograd, Nathali Cordero Quiros, Emanuele Di Lorenzo, Elliott L. Hazen, Michael G. Jacox, Mercedes Pozo Buil, Stephen Yeager
Summary: This study characterizes the biogeochemical properties of the Eastern North Pacific upper ocean during the Winter of 2013-2014 using observations and models, and finds that the Blob is associated with increased aragonite saturation and decreased oxygen concentration.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Holly C. Olivarez, Nicole S. Lovenduski, Riley X. Brady, Amanda R. Fay, Marion Gehlen, Luke Gregor, Peter Landschuetzer, Galen A. McKinley, Karen A. McKinnon, David R. Munro
Summary: A statistical emulation technique is used to construct synthetic ensembles of global and regional sea-air CO2 flux, showing the important role of internal variability in CO2 flux trends and the variability in the observed trends compared to the synthetic trends.
GLOBAL BIOGEOCHEMICAL CYCLES
(2022)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Megumi O. Chikamoto, Pedro DiNezio, Nicole Lovenduski
Summary: Oceanic absorption of atmospheric carbon dioxide is expected to slow down due to increasing anthropogenic emissions. Through an Earth system simulation, it has been found that reductions in surface alkalinity will cause a slowdown in anthropogenic carbon uptake in the next three centuries. Changes in precipitation, evaporation, and warming intensify the stratification of the upper ocean, hindering the transport of alkaline water from the deep. These changes are further amplified by reduced carbonate buffering, indicating the dominance of alkalinity in controlling CO2 uptake on multi-century timescales. The simulation also reveals a previously unknown alkalinity-climate feedback loop, amplifying multi-century warming under high emission trajectories.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Amanda R. Fay, Galen A. McKinley, Nicole S. Lovenduski, Yassir Eddebbar, Michael N. Levy, Matthew C. Long, Holly C. Olivarez, Rea R. Rustagi
Summary: Large volcanic eruptions result in significant climate disruptions through anomalies in radiative fluxes and widespread cooling. New research shows that these eruptions also affect air-sea carbon and oxygen fluxes. Using two large ensembles, we isolate the impact of the Mt. Pinatubo eruption on ocean properties and find significant changes in heat, oxygen, and carbon inventories. These changes persist for multiple years and have different patterns in the upper ocean and deep ocean.
GLOBAL BIOGEOCHEMICAL CYCLES
(2023)
Article
Oceanography
Joshua Coupe, Cheryl Harrison, Alan Robock, Alice DuVivier, Elizabeth Maroon, Nicole S. Lovenduski, Scott Bachman, Laura Landrum, Charles Bardeen
Summary: A large-scale nuclear war could lead to rapid global climate change due to the injection of soot into the stratosphere. In climate model simulations, global cooling causes expansion of sea ice in the Northern Hemisphere, but in the Southern Hemisphere, sea ice initially expands and then suddenly loses 30% of its volume in a single melting season in the largest nuclear war simulation.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS
(2023)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Madeleine K. Youngs, Mara A. Freilich, Nicole S. Lovenduski
Summary: This study investigates the role of seafloor topography on carbon transport and air-sea CO2 flux in the Southern Ocean. It reveals elevated CO2 outgassing upstream of a seafloor ridge, which could impact float-based estimates of CO2 flux.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Tessa Gorte, Nicole S. Lovenduski, Cara Nisssen, Jan T. M. Lenaerts
Summary: Long-term satellite observations show that the Antarctic Ice Sheet is losing mass at an accelerating rate, which has significant implications for the climate system. This study investigates the potential impacts of realistic Antarctic mass loss on the Southern Ocean using a state-of-the-art climate model. The results demonstrate the importance of accounting for Antarctic mass loss in global climate models for accurate projections of future climate.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Cole F. Persch, Pedro Dinezio, Nicole S. Lovenduski
Summary: The study reveals the correlation between orbital precession and CO2 outgassing in the Southern Ocean. During periods of high precession, there is an anomalous release of CO2 from the Southern Ocean, which can be attributed to the poleward shift in the southern westerly winds, enhanced Southern Ocean meridional overturning, and an increase in the surface ocean partial pressure of CO2 along the core of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Samuel C. Mogen, Nicole S. Lovenduski, Stephen Yeager, Lydia Keppler, Jonathan Sharp, Steven J. Bograd, Nathali Cordero Quiros, Emanuele Di Lorenzo, Elliott L. Hazen, Michael G. Jacox, Mercedes Pozo Buil
Summary: Anthropogenic carbon emissions and climate change have led to rapid warming, acidification, and deoxygenation in the ocean, causing increasing stress on marine ecosystems. This study demonstrates the ability to predict dissolved inorganic carbon, dissolved oxygen, and temperature in the surface and subsurface ocean multiple months in advance, with particularly high predictive skill observed in key regions such as the Northeast Pacific.
Article
Ecology
Istvan Dunkl, Nicole Lovenduski, Alessio Collalti, Vivek K. Arora, Tatiana Ilyina, Victor Brovkin
Summary: The predictability of atmospheric CO2 concentrations is limited by the high variability in terrestrial gross primary productivity (GPP), with uncertainties in the drivers of this variability among Earth system models (ESMs). This study evaluates the impact of these uncertainties on CO2 predictability in six ESMs, finding that the patterns of GPP variability and its predictability are influenced by different environmental drivers depending on the ESM. There is potential for improving CO2 predictability by reducing uncertainties in GPP sensitivity to soil moisture and improving observational products for GPP variability.
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Stephen G. Yeager, Nan Rosenbloom, Anne A. Glanville, Xian Wu, Isla Simpson, Hui Li, Maria J. Molina, Kristen Krumhardt, Samuel Mogen, Keith Lindsay, Danica Lombardozzi, Will Wieder, Who M. Kim, Jadwiga H. Richter, Matthew Long, Gokhan Danabasoglu, David Bailey, Marika Holland, Nicole Lovenduski, Warren G. Strand, Teagan King
Summary: The potential for multiyear prediction of Earth system change is relatively unexplored. A new prediction system using CESM2 model is introduced in this study, showing its potential and actual skill in predicting anomalies in the atmosphere, ocean, land, and sea ice on timescales from 1 month to 2 years. The system is competitive with other seasonal prediction systems and is publicly available for further research.
GEOSCIENTIFIC MODEL DEVELOPMENT
(2022)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Cheryl S. Harrison, Tyler Rohr, Alice DuVivier, Elizabeth A. Maroon, Scott Bachman, Charles G. Bardeen, Joshua Coupe, Victoria Garza, Ryan Heneghan, Nicole S. Lovenduski, Philipp Neubauer, Victor Rangel, Alan Robock, Kim Scherrer, Samantha Stevenson, Owen B. Toon
Summary: Nuclear war would have dire global consequences, including global cooling, rapid and long-term ocean cooling, expansion of sea ice, intensified ocean vertical mixing, decreased phytoplankton production, and modified ocean state, leading to long-term global impacts on ecosystems and fisheries.
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Charles D. Koven, Vivek K. Arora, Patricia Cadule, Rosie A. Fisher, Chris D. Jones, David M. Lawrence, Jared Lewis, Keith Lindsay, Sabine Mathesius, Malte Meinshausen, Michael Mills, Zebedee Nicholls, Benjamin M. Sanderson, Roland Seferian, Neil C. Swart, William R. Wieder, Kirsten Zickfeld
Summary: This study explores the dynamics of Earth's climate and carbon cycles beyond the 21st century using various models. The results show that the terrestrial system switches from carbon sink to neutral or source, while the ocean carbon system remains a sink in the high-emissions scenario and becomes a source in the overshoot scenario. The global mean temperature anomaly is proportional to cumulative carbon emissions, with some deviation under the overshoot scenario. Land models show inconsistencies in carbon cycle feedbacks and geographic patterns, and lagged physical climate dynamics can cause continued warming even after CO2 concentrations stabilize. These findings highlight the importance of considering surprises in the climate system when setting global climate policy.
EARTH SYSTEM DYNAMICS
(2022)
