Article
Infectious Diseases
M. Cristina Vazquez Guillamet, Christopher Damulira, Andrew Atkinson, Victoria J. Fraser, Scott Micek, Marin H. Kollef
Summary: The combination of aminoglycosides and β-lactams is more effective in reducing the incidence of infections caused by multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacilli compared to β-lactams alone. This retrospective cohort study analyzed septic patients treated between 2010 and 2017, and found that the addition of aminoglycosides to β-lactams significantly decreased the risk of subsequent infections.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS
(2023)
Review
Infectious Diseases
Giusy Tiseo, Gioconda Brigante, Daniele Roberto Giacobbe, Alberto Enrico Maraolo, Floriana Gona, Marco Falcone, Maddalena Giannella, Paolo Grossi, Federico Pea, Gian Maria Rossolini, Maurizio Sanguinetti, Mario Sarti, Claudio Scarparo, Mario Tumbarello, Mario Venditti, Pierluigi Viale, Matteo Bassetti, Francesco Luzzaro, Francesco Menichetti, Stefania Stefani, Marco Tinelli
Summary: The management of infections caused by multidrug-resistant organisms is challenging and requires a multidisciplinary approach. This paper provides recommendations for the diagnosis and optimal management of these infections, with a focus on targeted antibiotic therapy. However, the available evidence is limited, and some recommendations are based on low certainty. These recommendations should be regularly updated.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS
(2022)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
T. Vieceli, J. Rello
Summary: Internal Medicine wards, emergency departments, and intensive care units are key areas for antibiotic stewardship, with personalized prescriptions, rapid diagnostic tests, and multidisciplinary approaches being essential for improving the appropriateness and safety of antibiotic use.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF INTERNAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Review
Immunology
Arsheena Yassin, Mariya Huralska, Jason M. Pogue, Deepali Dixit, Robert G. Sawyer, Keith S. Kaye
Summary: The prevalence of multidrug-resistant gram-negative bacterial infections has significantly increased in the past decade, leading to higher rates of morbidity and mortality. Treating these infections presents challenges, particularly for critically ill patients with limited margin for error. The availability of new therapies has improved treatment options, but optimal clinical and therapeutic approaches for managing these infections still need to be established.
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Dilek Ince, Suiyini Fiawoo, Rebecca Choudhury, Sara E. Cosgrove, David Dobrzynski, Howard Gold, Jae Hyoung Lee, Kelly M. Percival, Stephanie Shulder, Deepthi Sony, Emily S. Spivak, Pranita D. Tamma, Priya Nori
Summary: This retrospective cohort study analyzed data of adult patients with Gram-negative bloodstream infection from 24 hospitals in the United States. The study found that urinary tract was the most common source of infection, and source control was achieved in the majority of cases. The study also identified regional differences in the prevalence of extended spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) producing organisms.
OPEN FORUM INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Prakash Kumar Soni, Jogender Kumar, Archana Angrup, Praveen Kumar, Shiv Sajan Saini, Venkataseshan Sundaram, Kanya Mukhopadhyay, Sourabh Dutta
Summary: We conducted a study to evaluate the risk factors, clinical features, and microbial profiles of meningitis in neonates with suspected sepsis. Out of 191 enrolled neonates over a 13-month period, 64 (33.5%) were diagnosed with meningitis. There were no significant differences in risk factors or clinical features between infants with and without meningitis. Culture-positive sepsis was observed in 49% of neonates (109 isolates), with Candida spp., coagulase-negative staphylococci, and Klebsiella pneumoniae being the most commonly identified pathogens. Among these bacteria, 53% were multidrug-resistant.
PEDIATRIC INFECTIOUS DISEASE JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Chiara Minotti, Antonella Di Caprio, Laura Facchini, Luca Bedetti, Francesca Miselli, Cecilia Rossi, Elisa Della Casa Muttini, Licia Lugli, Laura Luppi, Filippo Ferrari, Alberto Berardi
Summary: Neonatal sepsis is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in neonatal intensive care units. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of an antimicrobial stewardship (AMS) program on the incidence and resistance profiles of neonatal sepsis. The results showed no significant differences in mortality and multidrug-resistant pathogens rates between the two study periods. The study highlights the importance of continuous optimization of infection prevention and control practices to limit antimicrobial resistance escalation.
Article
Immunology
Arya Wibisono, Gaielle Harb, Matthew Crotty, Kristen Rahmanzadeh, Julie Alexander, Leigh Hunter, Edward Dominguez
Summary: Gram-negative susceptibility was higher in patients receiving the same antibiotic compared to those receiving a different antibiotic from previous exposure. However, when considering patients who received empiric therapy, there was no difference in susceptibility rates between the two groups.
OPEN FORUM INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Farooq Ahmed Wani, Altaf Bandy, Mohammed Jayed S. Alenzi, Abdulaziz Ibrahim Alzarea, Abdullah S. Alanazi, Mohammed Ubaidullah Sayeed, Ashokkumar Thirunavukkarasu, Bilal Tantry, Mushtaq Dar
Summary: Intensive care units are complex environments that favor high resistance in microorganisms, particularly Gram-negative bacteria. This study found that a majority of infections in intensive care patients are caused by multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria, with high resistance rates observed for third- and fourth-generation cephalosporins, carbapenems, and fluoroquinolones. Amikacin was identified as the most effective antibiotic, highlighting the need for enhanced surveillance and antimicrobial stewardship programs.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Mtebe Majigo, Jackline Makupa, Zivonishe Mwazyunga, Anna Luoga, Julius Kisinga, Bertha Mwamkoa, Sukyung Kim, Agricola Joachim
Summary: The diagnosis of neonatal sepsis in lower-income countries relies on clinical presentation, leading to overuse of antibiotics and the emergence of antimicrobial resistance. We conducted a study to determine the causes and resistance patterns of neonatal sepsis. The results showed a high rate of antibiotic resistance, highlighting the need for improved antibiotic stewardship.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Bindiya Bagga, Jeremy S. Stultz, Sandra Arnold, Kelley R. Lee
Summary: This study demonstrates that a pediatric ASP based on guideline development and prospective audit with feedback can improve antibiotic utilization and institutional bacterial susceptibilities without negatively affecting patient outcomes.
Article
Immunology
Davide Fiore Bavaro, Lucia Diella, Alessandra Belati, Nicolo De Gennaro, Deborah Fiordelisi, Roberta Papagni, Giacomo Guido, Elda De Vita, Luisa Frallonardo, Michele Camporeale, Carmen Pellegrino, Sofia Denicolo, Enrica Ranieri, Michele Fabiano Mariani, Gaetano Brindicci, Luigi Ronga, Francesco Di Gennaro, Adriana Mosca, Annalisa Saracino
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the impact of a multistep bundles intervention in the management and outcomes of patients with gram-negative bloodstream infections. The results showed that the intervention reduced mortality, shortened the duration of antibiotic treatment, and did not increase the risk of infection recurrence.
OPEN FORUM INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Andres Ruiz-Sancho, Maria Nunez-Nunez, Laura Castelo-Corral, Francisco Javier Martinez-Marcos, Nagore Lois-Martinez, Mohd Hafiz Abdul-Aziz, David Vinuesa-Garcia
Summary: Suppressive antibiotic therapy (SAT) is a strategy used to alleviate infection symptoms when other treatment options are not feasible. This study examined the clinical experience of dalbavancin used as SAT in patients with prosthetic joint or vascular infections. The results showed that dalbavancin was effective in reducing infection progression and had a high clinical success rate of 75%. Adverse events were reported in two patients, but overall, dalbavancin was well-tolerated. The cost savings due to avoided hospital days were also significant.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Christine A. Pybus, Christina Felder-Scott, Victor Obuekwe, David E. Greenberg
Summary: The study compared the antimicrobial activity of Cefiderocol with seven commonly used antibiotics against multidrug-resistant pathogens, finding that Cefiderocol had potent inhibitory effects on biofilms of various pathogens, with consistently lower MIC90 values compared to other antibiotics.
ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Camila L. P. A. M. Bezerra, Eusebio L. dos Santos Jr, Maura S. Oliveira, Maria Beatriz S. Dias, Anna S. Levin, Maristela P. Freire, Icaro Boszczowski, Matias C. Salomao
Summary: This retrospective cohort study aimed to assess the impact of empirical use of polymyxin on mortality in septic patients with carbapenem-resistant gram-negative bacteria (CR-GNB) infections. The study found that the empirical use of polymyxin did not decrease crude mortality in this setting.
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Letter
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Sofie Colman, Thomas Vanzieleghem, Isabel Leroux-Roels
INFECTION CONTROL AND HOSPITAL EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Martine Verelst, Ina Willemsen, Veronica Weterings, Pascal De Waegemaeker, Isabelle Leroux-Roels, Ellen Nieuwkoop, Veroniek Saegeman, Lieke van Alphen, Stefanie Van Kleef-van Koeveringe, Marjolein Kluytmans-Van den Bergh, Jan Kluytmans, Annette Schuermans
Summary: This article describes the implementation and results of the Infection Risk Scan tool in nine hospitals in the Dutch/Belgian border area to evaluate the quality of infection control and antimicrobial use. The tool identified differences between wards and countries, providing potential targets for improving the quality of care.
ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE AND INFECTION CONTROL
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Isabel Leroux-Roels, Gwenn Waerlop, Jessika Tourneur, Fien De Boever, Catherine Maes, Jacques Bruhwyler, Delphine Guyon-Gellin, Philippe Moris, Judith Del Campo, Paul Willems, Geert Leroux-Roels, Alexandre Le Vert, Florence Nicolas
Summary: OVX836, a vaccine targeting influenza nucleoprotein, demonstrated safety and immunogenicity in a Phase 1 study. It outperformed the reference vaccine in terms of immunological parameters related to nucleoprotein and showed potential in reducing influenza-like illness episodes.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Infectious Diseases
Jan J. De Waele, Jerina Boelens, Dirk Van De Putte, Diana Huis In't Veld, Tom Coenye
Summary: Intra-abdominal infections are common in hospitalized patients and require antimicrobial therapy and source control. The use of abdominal drains is increasing for treating these infections, but biofilm formation in the drains makes using abdominal fluid for diagnosis unreliable.
Article
Immunology
Isabel Leroux-Roels, Matthew G. Davis, Katie Steenackers, Brandon Essink, Corinne Vandermeulen, Charles Fogarty, Charles P. Andrews, Edward Kerwin, Marie Pierre David, Laurence Fissette, Carline Vanden Abeele, Delphine Collete, Magali de Heusch, Bruno Salaun, Nathalie De Schrevel, Juliane Koch, Celine Verheust, Nancy Dezutter, Frank Struyf, Narcisa Mesaros, Jelena Tica, Veronica Hulstrom
Summary: The safety and immunogenicity of vaccine formulations containing the stabilized prefusion conformation of RSV fusion protein (RSVPreF3) against respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) were investigated. The results showed that these vaccines effectively boosted humoral immune responses and increased the frequencies of polyfunctional CD4(+) T cells. Most adverse events were mild to moderate, and the safety of the vaccines was confirmed. Based on safety and immunogenicity profiles, the AS01(E)-adjuvanted vaccine containing 120 μg of RSVPreF3 was selected for further clinical development.
JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Review
Immunology
Yorick Janssens, Jasper Joye, Gwenn Waerlop, Frederic Clement, Geert Leroux-Roels, Isabel Leroux-Roels
Summary: Influenza vaccines are the most effective tools to prevent flu, but they have limitations in protecting older adults and immunocompromised individuals. Current correlates of protection based on serological parameters may over- or underestimate vaccine efficacy. Next-generation universal influenza vaccines that induce broader protection and lasting immunity are important for pandemic preparedness. Evaluating cellular immune responses in clinical trials is crucial for assessing the effectiveness of these new vaccines.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Sofie A. M. Dhaese, Eric A. Hoste, Jan J. De Waele
Summary: The surge in antimicrobial resistance and limited availability of new drugs has sparked interest in optimizing antibiotic dosing. For beta-lactam antibiotics, prolonged infusion has been widely adopted due to PK/PD considerations. However, merely increasing target attainment is unlikely to improve clinical outcomes. A different approach, focusing on the maximum tolerable dose (MTD), is necessary to maximize bacterial cell kill while minimizing the risk of resistance and toxicity.
Editorial Material
Critical Care Medicine
Jan J. De Waele, Massimo Girardis, Ignacio Martin-Loeches
INTENSIVE CARE MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
A. A. Monnier, V D'Onofrio, I Willemsen, M. F. Q. Kluytmans-van den Bergh, J. A. J. W. Kluytmans, A. Schuermans, I Leroux-Roels, I. C. Gyssens
Summary: This study tested the implementation of inpatient quality indicators in hospitals and identified potential improvement targets, such as an approval system for restricted antibiotics and documentation of antibiotic plans.
JOURNAL OF HOSPITAL INFECTION
(2022)
Review
Biology
Rita Jacobs, Robert D. Wise, Ivan Myatchin, Domien Vanhonacker, Andrea Minini, Michael Mekeirele, Andrew W. Kirkpatrick, Bruno M. Pereira, Michael Sugrue, Bart De Keulenaer, Zsolt Bodnar, Stefan Acosta, Janeth Ejike, Salar Tayebi, Johan Stiens, Colin Cordemans, Niels Van Regenmortel, Paul W. G. Elbers, Xavier Monnet, Adrian Wong, Wojciech Dabrowski, Philippe G. Jorens, Jan J. De Waele, Derek J. Roberts, Edward Kimball, Annika Reintam Blaser, Manu L. N. G. Malbrain
Summary: This review summarizes the current knowledge on the association between fluid administration and intra-abdominal pressure in patients at risk of intra-abdominal hypertension and abdominal compartment syndrome. Most studies confirm the association between fluid resuscitation and intra-abdominal hypertension, but optimal fluid management strategies for these patients remain controversial.
Editorial Material
Critical Care Medicine
Isabel Spriet, Jan J. De Waele
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE
(2023)
Editorial Material
Critical Care Medicine
Jan J. J. De Waele, Isabel Leroux-Roels, Pieter Depuydt
INTENSIVE CARE MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Wim Vandenberghe, Jorien De Loor, Katrien Francois, Kristof Vandekerckhove, Ingrid Herck, Johan Vande Walle, Harlinde Peperstraete, Thierry Bove, Daniel De Wolf, Lieve Nuytinck, Jan J. De Waele, Evelyne Meyer, Eric A. J. Hoste
Summary: This study evaluated serum CHI3L1, NGAL, TIMP-2, IGFBP7, and NephroCheck(R) as predictors of acute kidney injury (AKI) after pediatric cardiac surgery. The results showed that these markers could reliably predict the occurrence of AKI within 48 hours and 12 hours, respectively, after adjusting for urine dilution.
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Jarne Verhaeghe, Thomas De Corte, Christopher M. Sauer, Tom Hendriks, Olivier W. M. Thijssens, Femke Ongenae, Paul Elbers, Jan De Waele, Sofie Van Hoecke
Summary: This study developed risk models for atrial fibrillation (AF) in intensive care unit (ICU) patients using uncertainty quantification. The models showed good performance and accurate prediction of AF risk in multiple ICU datasets.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MEDICAL INFORMATICS
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Peter G. Kremsner, Rodolfo Andres Ahuad Guerrero, Eunate Arana-Arri, Gustavo Jose Aroca Martinez, Marc Bonten, Reynaldo Chandler, Gonzalo Corral, Eddie Jan Louis De Block, Lucie Ecker, Julian Justin Gabor, Carlos Alberto Garcia Lopez, Lucy Gonzales, Maria Angelica Granados Gonzalez, Nestor Gorini, Martin P. Grobusch, Adrian D. Hrabar, Helga Junker, Alan Kimura, Claudio F. Lanata, Clara Lehmann, Isabel Leroux-Roels, Philipp Mann, Michel Fernando Martinez-Resendez, Theresa J. Ochoa, Carlos Alberto Poy, Maria Jose Reyes Fentanes, Luis Maria Rivera Mejia, Vida Veronica Ruiz Herrera, Xavier Saez-Llorens, Oliver Schoenborn-Kellenberger, Mirjam Schunk, Alexandra Sierra Garcia, Itziar Vergara, Thomas Verstraeten, Marisa Vico, Lidia Oostvogels
Summary: The CVnCoV SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccine candidate was found to be effective and safe in preventing COVID-19.
LANCET INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2022)
