Article
Environmental Sciences
A. B. A. Slangen, M. Haasnoot, G. Winter
Summary: This study presents strategies for users to navigate the multitude of sea-level rise projections by reducing choices and focusing on timing and families. Three categories are defined based on global mean SLR thresholds and timing, helping inform decision making for adaptation strategies.
Article
Biology
Carlos Lopez-de-Celis, Pedro Izquierdo-Nebreda, Vanessa Gonzalez-Rueda, Aida Cadellans-Arroniz, Jacobo Rodriguez-Sanz, Elena Bueno-Gracia, Albert Perez-Bellmunt
Summary: This study evaluated the short-term effects of three types of hamstring stretching on hamstring length and observed the type of response and perceived sense of effort. The results showed that all stretching techniques increased hamstring length, with SLR stretching producing the highest percentage of neural responses.
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Guillaume Cottereau, Jonathan Messika, Bruno Megarbane, Laurent Guerin, Daniel da Silva, Caroline Bornstain, Matilde Santos, Jean-Damien Ricard, Benjamin Sztrymf
Summary: There was no direct association between handgrip strength and extubation outcome, indicating the need for further research on the relationship between ICU-acquired weakness and extubation outcome.
ANNALS OF INTENSIVE CARE
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Nikolay V. Kukushkin, Tasnim Tabassum, Thomas J. Carew
Summary: Two-trial learning in Aplysia reveals nonlinear interactions between training trials, where long-term memory is induced only when weak pulses precede strong ones, possibly representing a physiological mechanism to prioritize memory of escalating threats.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Jon C. Tilburt, David Zahrieh, Joel E. Pacyna, Daniel G. Petereit, Judith S. Kaur, Bruce D. Rapkin, Robert L. Grubb, George J. Chang, Michael J. Morris, Evan Z. Kovac, Kara N. Babaian, Jeff A. Sloan, Ethan M. Basch, Elizabeth S. Peil, Amylou C. Dueck, Paul J. Novotny, Electra D. Paskett, Jan C. Buckner, Daniel D. Joyce, Victor M. Montori, Dominick L. Frosch, Robert J. Volk, Simon P. Kim
Summary: A multicenter trial oversampling minority men demonstrated that decision aids provided at different points in the care continuum for localized prostate cancer treatment did not result in significant gains in prostate cancer knowledge.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Qingdi Ke, Jie Li, Haihong Huang, Guangfu Liu, Lei Zhang
Summary: This study presents a decision-making method for remanufacturing timing based on evaluation of product performance through online monitoring of structural failure in key components. The effectiveness and feasibility of the method is validated by analyzing the pre-decision remanufacturing timing of the crankshaft in a diesel engine.
JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Taorong Xie, Can Huang, Yijie Zhang, Jing Liu, Haishan Yao
Summary: Interval timing is a cognitive behavior involved in associative learning and decision-making. This study investigates how recent trial history influences interval timing behavior in mice. The results show that a decrease in the inter-reinforcement interval in the previous trial leads to an earlier time of anticipatory licking. The activity of the anterior lateral motor cortex reflects recent experience of interval.
NEUROSCIENCE BULLETIN
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Luc P. J. Selen, Brian D. Corneil, W. Pieter Medendorp
Summary: Contemporary motor control theories propose competition between multiple motor plans before the winning command is executed. This study shows that muscle activity during immediate response reach task is influenced by the nonchosen target and reveals different phases of directionally tuned activity, indicating an evolution in how the nonchosen target influences muscle activity.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Paul Theo Zebhauser, Ana Macchia, Edward Gold, Stephanie Salcedo, Bethany Burum, Miguel Alonso-Alonso, Daniel T. Gilbert, Alvaro Pascual-Leone, Anna-Katharine Brem
Summary: Oxytocin has been extensively studied for its effects on socio-cognitive and behavioral functions, but limited evidence exists regarding its effects on non-social cognition and decision-making. This study found that intranasal administration of 24 IU oxytocin had detrimental effects on decision-making under low outcome predictability/high ambiguity, leading to riskier performance. In contrast, oxytocin resulted in slightly less risky decisions under high outcome probability/low ambiguity. These findings suggest that oxytocin may influence decision-making in healthy males, depending on contextual information.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Marta Diaz-Saez, Cristina Saenz-Jimenez, Jorge Hugo Villafane, Alba Paris-Alemany, Roy La Touche
Summary: This study found that neural mobilisation and soft-tissue techniques can increase pain-free maximum mouth opening and pressure pain thresholds in subjects with latent myofascial trigger points in the craniofacial region in the short term. This suggests the importance of incorporating these methods into clinical practice.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jukka Sundvall, Benjamin James Dyson
Summary: This study used the game of Rock, Paper and Scissors to investigate the effects of reinforcement-based rules on human behavior. The findings suggest that participants exhibit random behavior when facing opponents who cannot be exploited, but they learn to exploit opponents regardless of whether it conflicts with reinforcement when facing exploitable opponents. This indicates that the outcome of the previous trial plays a significant role in learning the rule of exploitation.
Article
Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
Xuxiang Sun, Gong Cheng, Hongda Li, Lei Pei, Junwei Han
Summary: Known as a challenging problem, scholars have been paying much attention to single-model transferable targeted attacks via decision-level optimization objectives. Recent works have focused on designing new optimization objectives, while in this paper, we investigate the intrinsic problems in three commonly adopted objectives and propose two simple yet effective methods to mitigate them. The proposed methods, including the unified Adversarial Optimization Scheme (AOS) and Balanced Logit Loss (BLL), show considerable improvements in targeted transferability across various attack frameworks and datasets.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON IMAGE PROCESSING
(2023)
Article
Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
Muhammad Kamran, Shahzaib Ashraf, Muhammad Shazib Hameed
Summary: Retinal diseases, such as glaucoma, diabetic retinopathy, and cataracts, can cause permanent vision loss if not diagnosed early. The complexity and overlapping symptoms of these diseases present challenges for accurate medical diagnosis. Researchers are working on developing innovative approaches to improve disease diagnostics.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Yuting Shi, Guangdong Zou, Zhao Chen, Linlin Wan, Linliu Peng, Huirong Peng, Lu Shen, Kun Xia, Rong Qiu, Beisha Tang, Hong Jiang
Summary: This study compared the efficacy of low-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) and intermittent Theta Burst Stimulation (iTBS) in SCA3 patients. The results showed that both 1 Hz rTMS and iTBS were effective in improving the symptoms of ataxia in SCA3 patients.
JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Nicola Lore, Rebecca De Lorenzo, Paola M. Rancoita, Federica Cugnata, Alessandra Agresti, Francesco Benedetti, Marco E. Bianchi, Chiara Bonini, Annalisa Capobianco, Caterina Conte, Angelo Corti, Roberto Furlan, Paola Mantegani, Norma Maugeri, Clara Sciorati, Fabio Saliu, Laura Silvestri, Cristina Tresoldi, Fabio Ciceri, Patrizia Royere-Querini, Clelia Di Serio, Daniela M. Cirillo, Angelo A. Manfredi
Summary: The study identifies CXCL10, along with NLR and time from onset, as the best predictor of ICU transfer among COVID-19 patients. Additionally, CXCL10 alone predicts death in these patients.
MOLECULAR MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Summer B. Thyme, Lindsey M. Pieper, Eric H. Li, Shristi Pandey, Yiqun Wang, Nathan S. Morris, Carrie Sha, Joo Won Choi, Kristian J. Herrera, Edward R. Soucy, Steve Zimmerman, Owen Randlett, Joel Greenwood, Steven A. McCarroll, Alexander F. Schier
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Owen Randlett, Martin Haesemeyer, Greg Forkin, Hannah Shoenhard, Alexander F. Schier, Florian Engert, Michael Granato
Article
Neurosciences
Manxiu Ma, Alexandro D. Ramirez, Tong Wang, Rachel L. Roberts, Katherine E. Harmon, David Schoppik, Avirale Sharma, Christopher Kuang, Stephanie L. Goei, James A. Gagnon, Steve Zimmerman, Shengdar Q. Tsai, Deepak Reyon, J. Keith Joung, Emre R. F. Aksay, Alexander F. Schier, Y. Albert Pan
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2020)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Joao C. Marques, Meng Li, Diane Schaak, Drew N. Robson, Jennifer M. Li
Editorial Material
Biochemical Research Methods
Alexander F. Schier
Article
Biology
Nathan D. Lord, Adam N. Carte, Philip B. Abitua, Alexander F. Schier
Summary: Embryos communicate instructions to cells through morphogens, which form gradients by diffusing from a source. However, natural patterning systems involve co-factors and signaling feedback, suggesting additional mechanisms are needed for signaling patterns. For the mesendoderm inducer Nodal in zebrafish embryos, the range of Nodal ligands is regulated by the EGF-CFC co-receptor Oep to control the spread and sensitivity of signaling, as confirmed by computational modeling and experimental observations.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
William P. Dempsey, Zhuowei Du, Anna Nadtochiy, Colton D. Smith, Karl Czajkowski, Andrey Andreev, Drew N. Robson, Jennifer M. Li, Serina Applebaum, Thai Truong, Carl Kesselman, Scott E. Fraser, Don B. Arnold
Summary: Defining the structural and functional changes in the nervous system underlying learning and memory is a challenge in neuroscience. This study used microscopy to image synapses in the midlarval zebrafish brain and found changes in synapse numbers during associative memory formation.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2022)
Article
Ecology
Maxwell E. R. Shafer, Ahilya N. Sawh, Alexander F. Schier
Summary: Single-cell RNA sequencing of hypothalamic cells from zebrafish and Mexican tetra revealed over 75% shared cell types between the two species. Shared cell types displayed shifts in paralogue expression, while species-specific cell types were enriched for the expression of species-specific genes.
NATURE ECOLOGY & EVOLUTION
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Drew N. Robson, Jennifer M. Li
Summary: State-dependent computation plays a crucial role in cognition for both biological and artificial systems. Alan Turing and ethologists recognized its power in describing internal drives and behaviors. This article reformulates core ethological concepts in terms of explicitly dynamical systems and examines neural dynamics underlying internal states.
CURRENT OPINION IN NEUROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Editorial Material
Neurosciences
Sonja Gruen, Jennifer Li, Bruce McNaughton, Carl Petersen, David McCormick, Drew Robson, Gyorgy Buzsaki, Kenneth Harris, Terrence Sejnowski, Thomas Mrsic-Flogel, Henrik Linden, Per E. Roland
Summary: This article provides an overview of recent discoveries on the spatial interaction between neurons and networks of neurons, and explains the importance of these interactions in fundamental brain and brainstem mechanisms underlying detection, perception, learning, and behavior.
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Tobias Noebauer, Yuanlong Zhang, Hyewon Kim, Alipasha Vaziri
Summary: Various implementations of mesoscopes provide optical access for calcium imaging across multi-millimeter fields of view in the mammalian brain. However, capturing the activity of the neuronal population within such fields of view near-simultaneously and in a volumetric fashion has remained challenging. Here, we present a modular, mesoscale light-field (MesoLF) imaging hardware and software solution that allows recording from thousands of neurons within volumes of 4 x 0.2 mm at up to 350 μm depth in the mouse cortex, at a high speed and voxel rate.
Article
Optics
F. Soldevila, C. Moretti, T. Nobauer, H. Sarafraz, A. Vaziri, S. Gigan
Summary: Recently, fluorescence-based optical techniques have been used to probe information in the mammalian brain, but light scattering from tissue heterogeneities hinders clear imaging of deep neuron bodies. While some approaches allow shallow-depth retrieval of information, non-invasive localization and functional imaging at depth remains challenging. A matrix factorization algorithm has been shown to retrieve functional signals from fluorescent emitters behind scattering samples, and in this study, it is demonstrated that low-contrast fluorescent speckle patterns recovered by the algorithm can be used to locate individual emitters, even in the presence of background fluorescence. The approach is tested on different scattering phantoms and a brain slice.
