Review
Immunology
Gerone A. Gonzales, Johnathan Canton
Summary: This article reviews the active cytosolic transfer of various macromolecular danger signals across endocytic organelle membranes. It highlights the developing trends and discusses the potential molecular mechanisms driving this emerging phenomenon.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
X. -Y. Ang, F. -Y. -L. Chung, B. -K. Lee, S. N. A. Azhar, S. Sany, N. S. Roslan, N. Ahmad, S. M. Yusof, N. Abdullah, N. N. Nik Ab Rahman, N. Abdul Wahid, Z. Z. Deris, C. -E. Oon, W. F. Wan Adnan, M. -T. Liong
Summary: This study revealed that lactobacilli probiotics are beneficial for pregnant women, especially in reducing vulvovaginal symptoms and recurrences of vaginal candidiasis. Additionally, lactobacilli can improve emotional and social distress caused by vaginal candidiasis.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Briana M. Nosal, Junichi R. Sakaki, Zachary Macdonald, Kyle Mahoney, Kijoon Kim, Matthew Madore, Staci Thornton, Thi Dong Binh Tran, George Weinstock, Elaine Choung-Hee Lee, Ock K. Chun
Summary: This study aimed to examine the dose-dependent effects of blackcurrant supplementation on preventing bone loss in adult women. The results showed that blackcurrant supplementation decreased the loss of whole-body bone mineral density and increased the marker of bone formation, P1NP. Further studies with larger samples and different skeletal conditions are needed to confirm these findings.
Article
Psychiatry
Federico Cavanna, Stephanie Muller, Laura Alethia de la Fuente, Federico Zamberlan, Matias Palmucci, Lucie Janeckova, Martin Kuchar, Carla Pallavicini, Enzo Tagliazucchi
Summary: The use of low sub-perceptual doses of psychedelics, known as microdosing, has become popular in recent years. However, there is a lack of placebo-controlled studies on microdosing and its effects. A new study recruited individuals who were starting to microdose with psilocybin mushrooms and found that it had noticeable subjective effects and altered EEG rhythms, but without evidence to support enhanced well-being, creativity and cognitive function.
TRANSLATIONAL PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Stephen A. Harrison, Federico Perez Manghi, William B. Smith, Diana Alpenidze, Diego Aizenberg, Naomi Klarenbeek, Chi-Yi Chen, Eli Zuckerman, Eric Ravussin, Phunchai Charatcharoenwitthaya, Pin-Nan Cheng, Helena Katchman, Samuel Klein, Ziv Ben-Ari, Anisha E. Mendonza, Yiming Zhang, Miljen Martic, Shenglin Ma, Sheena Kao, Sandra Tanner, Alok Pachori, Michael K. Badman, YanLing He, Chinweike Ukomadu, Eric Sicard
Summary: In patients with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), the use of licogliflozin led to reductions in serum alanine aminotransferase levels, suggesting it could be a potential therapeutic option. However, further studies are needed to validate these findings and evaluate its combination with other drugs.
Article
Allergy
Melody C. Carter, Irina Maric, Erica H. Brittain, Yun Bai, Keith Lumbard, Hyejeong Bolan, Daly Cantave, Linda M. Scott, Dean D. Metcalfe
Summary: The study aimed to determine the efficacy of omalizumab in managing patients with frequent episodes of IA, showing a trend of efficacy in the treatment group but no statistically significant differences. Overall, omalizumab was safely administered to a difficult-to-treat patient population with IA.
JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Jorg Taubel, Wilfried Hauke, Steffen Rump, Janika Viereck, Sandor Batkai, Jenny Poetzsch, Laura Rode, Henning Weigt, Celina Genschel, Ulrike Lorch, Carmen Theek, Arthur A. Levin, Johann Bauersachs, Scott D. Solomon, Thomas Thum
Summary: The first-in-class miR-132 inhibitor, CDR132L, showed good safety and tolerability in HF patients. It effectively reduced miR-132 levels, decreased NT-proBNP levels, and potentially improved cardiac function.
EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Respiratory System
Peter Schenk, Alexander O. Spiel, Felix Huettinger, Micheline Gmeiner, Josefine Fugger, Martina Pichler, Gernot Pichler, Susanne Schmeikal, Wolfgang Janistyn, Stefan Schuegerl, Constantin Sajdik, Harald Herkner
Summary: In this single-centre randomized controlled trial, simvastatin at a daily dose of 40 mg significantly prolonged time to first COPD exacerbation and reduced exacerbation rate. However, it had no effect on quality of life, lung function, and other measures. More patients dropped out in the simvastatin group compared to the placebo group.
EUROPEAN RESPIRATORY JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Jorg Taubel, Wilfried Hauke, Steffen Rump, Janika Viereck, Sandor Batkai, Jenny Poetzsch, Laura Rode, Henning Weigt, Celina Genschel, Ulrike Lorch, Carmen Theek, Arthur A. Levin, Johann Bauersachs, Scott D. Solomon, Thomas Thum
Summary: The study evaluated the safety and mechanism of action of CDR132L in patients with chronic ischemic heart failure, showing that CDR132L is safe and well tolerated, effectively reducing miR-132 levels and improving cardiac function.
EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Masa Sasagawa, Miranda J. Boclair, Paul S. Amieux
Summary: The study shows that mixed omega-7 fatty acid supplementation did not significantly reduce serum inflammatory biomarkers or improve subjective quality of life in patients with non-specific chronic musculoskeletal discomfort. Future research should explore appropriate biomarkers, sufficient power, dosing duration, inclusion criteria for volunteers with higher BMI, and the verification of palmiteolate isomers.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jennifer M. Mitchell, Michael Bogenschutz, Alia Lilienstein, Charlotte Harrison, Sarah Kleiman, Kelly Parker-Guilbert, Marcela G. Ot'alora, Wael Garas, Casey Paleos, Ingmar Gorman, Christopher Nicholas, Michael Mithoefer, Shannon Carlin, Bruce Poulter, Ann Mithoefer, Sylvestre Quevedo, Gregory Wells, Sukhpreet S. Klaire, Bessel van der Kolk, Keren Tzarfaty, Revital Amiaz, Ray Worthy, Scott Shannon, Joshua D. Woolley, Cole Marta, Yevgeniy Gelfand, Emma Hapke, Simon Amar, Yair Wallach, Randall Brown, Scott Hamilton, Julie B. Wang, Allison Coker, Rebecca Matthews, Alberdina de Boer, Berra Yazar-Klosinski, Amy Emerson, Rick Doblin
Summary: The results demonstrate that MDMA-assisted therapy is safe and effective in treating severe post-traumatic stress disorder. Compared with placebo, MDMA significantly reduces CAPS-5 scores and improves functional impairment.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Na-Yeon Ha, Seok-Jae Ko, Jae-Woo Park, Jinsung Kim
Summary: This study is the first randomized clinical trial to confirm the symptom relief effect of Naesohwajungtang in patients with functional dyspepsia.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Hong Yang, Xin Yang, He Liu, Hu Long, Huimin Hu, Qingxuan Wang, Renhuan Huang, Di Shan, Kaiming Li, Wenli Lai
Summary: This study investigated the modulation of brain activity associated with orthodontic pain by placebos using fMRI. Results showed similar brain activation patterns under placebo and non-placebo conditions, but with differences in the activation of the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC). The placebo reduced activation in the primary sensory cortex and decreased ACC activation, suggesting the fundamental role of ACC in analgesia.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Giacomo P. Comi, Erik H. Niks, Krista Vandenborne, Claudia M. Cinnante, Hermien E. Kan, Rebecca J. Willcocks, Daniele Velardo, Francesca Magri, Michela Ripolone, Jules J. van Benthem, Nienke M. van de Velde, Simone Nava, Laura Ambrosoli, Sara Cazzaniga, Paolo U. Bettica
Summary: This study investigated the efficacy and safety of givinostat in adults with Becker muscular dystrophy (BMD). The primary endpoint of statistical superiority for mean change in total fibrosis was not achieved. However, MRI assessments suggested that givinostat may potentially prevent or slow down BMD disease progression.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Rocco Mollace, Micaela Gliozzi, Roberta Macri, Annamaria Tavernese, Vincenzo Musolino, Cristina Carresi, Jessica Maiuolo, Carolina Muscoli, Carlo Tomino, Giuseppe Maria Rosano, Massimo Fini, Maurizio Volterrani, Bruno Silvestrini, Vincenzo Mollace
Summary: This study investigated the safety profile of a new sublingual aspirin formulation in healthy volunteers. The results showed that this formulation had a better safety profile compared to standard aspirin, especially in reducing gastric mucosal lesions.
