Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Xing-hang Zhu, Hong-di He, Kai-fa Lu, Zhong-ren Peng, H. Oliver Gao
Summary: This study used the PEMS to reveal real-world emissions from two light-duty gasoline vehicles, and found that engine load and engine speed are the most dominant factors affecting vehicular carbon emissions under both China V and China VI standards. Additionally, the study showed that carbon emissions were significantly higher in urban areas compared to suburban areas.
JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION
(2022)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Sheng Su, Yunshan Ge, Yingzhi Zhang
Summary: The study found that diesel vehicles with SCR system failure have NOx emissions about twice as high as vehicles with normal SCR systems, and emissions are higher on urban roads.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Salih Ozer, Usame Demir, Gokhan Coskun
Summary: This study investigated the effects of using the TSI engine with alternative fuels on emissions. The results showed that coolant temperature had a significant impact on emissions. The emissions of liquid DI-TSI LPG fuel were more sensitive to coolant temperature, with higher temperatures leading to decreased HC and CO emissions.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Zhangyi Gao, Linjing Jiang, Jiawei Zhang, Jiqin Zhu, Le Du, Yujun Wang
Summary: In this study, the kinetics and mechanism of catalytic oxidation of sodium ethyl mercaptide were investigated using microfluidics. The effects of temperature, pressure, residence time, and gas-liquid flow ratio on the oxidation were assessed, and a heterogeneous reaction kinetic model and corresponding rate expression were proposed.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Yonghong Liu, Hauyan Li, Wenfeng Huang, Xinru Yang, Li Li, Fanling Kong, Hui Ding
Summary: The complex impact of road grade on heavy-duty diesel truck (HDDT) emissions was studied using data from 24 HDDTs in Chongqing, China. The results showed that the emissions of nitrogen oxides (NOx) and carbon dioxide (CO2) from China IV HDDTs were the highest among all tested vehicles. Graded roads caused a decrease in vehicle speed and resulted in a coupling effect on emissions. The model successfully estimated the influence of road grades on emissions at different speeds.
TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH RECORD
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Kaili Pang, Kaishan Zhang, Shuai Ma
Summary: This paper characterizes duty-cycle based emissions from diesel-fueled forklifts using Portable Emission Measurement System (PEMS) and finds that fuel-based emission factors appear to have smaller variability. Results show that NO emissions are the biggest concern for emissions control.
JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Suleyman Simsek, Samet Uslu, Hatice Simsek, Gonca Uslu
Summary: The study aimed to optimize the use of liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) in gasoline-LPG blends for an SI engine, focusing on performance and emissions. Response surface methodology (RSM) was utilized to determine the optimal LPG ratio, with findings showing significant effects on various responses, particularly BSFC and BTE. Verification study revealed low error rates in modeling the SI engine with RSM.
FUEL PROCESSING TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Thermodynamics
Amitav Chakraborty, Srijit Biswas, Saratchandra Meitei, Anindita Sengupta, Dipankar Kakati, Rahul Banerjee
Summary: This study focuses on the comparative analysis of diesel-hydrogen and diesel-Liquefied-petroleum-gas bi-fuel operation. It investigates the effects of ignition delay on performance, emission, and stability characteristics in a single-cylinder diesel engine. The analysis shows that different parametric combinations significantly influence combustion parameters, performance, and emission.
ENERGY CONVERSION AND MANAGEMENT
(2022)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Yaoyuan Zhang, Wenbin Zhao, Haoqing Wu, Zhuoyao He, Yong Qian, Xingcai Lu
Summary: The intelligent charge compression ignition (ICCI) dual-fuel combustion mode achieves high efficiency and clean combustion by organizing continuous stratification within a wide range of engine load. This study investigated the performance of alcohol blended gasoline as a low-reactivity fuel (LRF) in ICCI combustion mode. The results showed that ethanol and ethanol-gasoline blended fuel promoted homogeneous combustion and reduced soot emissions, although there was a slight increase in NOx emissions. The maximum indicated thermal efficiency decreased as the ethanol ratio in the LRF increased, but it helped suppress the formation of unregulated emissions.
JOURNAL OF ENERGY RESOURCES TECHNOLOGY-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Dianne Mae M. Asinero, Antonio-Abdu Sami M. Magomnang, Leonel L. Pabilona
Summary: The Philippines, an agricultural country, has a significant amount of agricultural waste. The Biofuels Law aims to reduce dependence on fossil fuels and promote the use of bio-based fuels as an alternative in rural areas. Biogas, a renewable energy carrier, can be used in small-scale internal combustion engines after purification.
MINDANAO JOURNAL OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Muhammad Waqas, Majid Nazeer, Man Sing Wong, Wu Shaolin, Li Hon, Joon Heo
Summary: The socio-economic restriction measures implemented in the United States have significantly reduced nitrogen dioxide (NO2) emissions. The study highlights the impact of factors such as human mobility, population density, income, climate, and stationary sources on the reduction of NO2 at different stations. The research emphasizes the scientific impacts of the NO2 reduction and income inequality revealed by the pandemic on air quality and health disparities.
ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT
(2024)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Guorui Zhi, Jinhong Du, Aizhong Chen, Wenjing Jin, Na Ying, Zhihui Huang, Peng Xu, Di Wang, Jinghua Ma, Yuzhe Zhang, Jiabao Qu, Hao Zhang, Li Yang, Zhanyun Ma, Yanjun Ren, Hongyan Dang, Jianglong Cui, Pengchuan Lin, Zhuoshi He, Jinmin Zhao, Shuo Qi, Weiqi Zhang, Wenjuan Zhao, Yingxin Li, Qian Liu, Chen Zhao, Yi Tang, Peng Wei, Jingxu Wang, Zhen Song, Yao Kong, Xiangzhe Zhu, Yi Shen, Tianning Zhang, Yangxi Chu, Xinmin Zhang, Jiafeng Fu, Qingxian Gao, Jingnan Hu, Zhigang Xue
Summary: An comprehensive emission inventory for China in 2019, which includes both air pollutants and greenhouse gases, was developed in this study. The inventory utilizes existing frameworks and data to provide comparable emissions data and demonstrates the relationship between emissions and economic development.
ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT
(2024)
Article
Environmental Sciences
I-Ting Ku, Yong Zhou, Arsineh Hecobian, Katherine Benedict, Brent Buck, Emily Lachenmayer, Bryan Terry, Morgan Frazier, Jie Zhang, Da Pan, Lena Low, Amy Sullivan, Jeffrey L. Collett Jr
Summary: Unconventional oil and natural gas development (UOGD) in the United States has expanded rapidly in recent decades, raising concerns about its impact on air quality. This study conducted extensive air monitoring during the development of several large well pads in Broomfield, Colorado, providing a unique opportunity to examine changes in local air toxics and VOC concentrations during well drilling and completions and production. The study identified significant increases in VOC concentrations during drilling operations, highlighting the importance of emissions from synthetic drilling mud. The findings suggest opportunities to mitigate emissions during UOGD operations.
ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT
(2024)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Puji Lestari, Akbar R. Tasrifani, Wiranda I. Suri, Martin J. Wooster, Mark J. Grosvenor, Yusuke Fujii, Vissia Ardiyani, Elisa Carboni, Gareth Thomas
Summary: This study developed field emission factors for various pollutants in peatland fires and estimated the total emissions. Gas samples were collected using an analyzer, while particulate samples were collected using air samplers. The study found significant emissions of CO2, CO, PM2.5, carbon aerosols, water-soluble ions, and elements from the fires in Central Kalimantan, Indonesia in 2019.
ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT
(2024)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Ligang Li, Yuyu Chen, Lu Fan, Dong Sun, Hu He, Yongshou Dai, Yong Wan, Fangfang Chen
Summary: A high-precision retrieval method based on a deep convolutional neural network and satellite remote sensing data is proposed to obtain accurate methane vertical profiles.
ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT
(2024)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Hyung Joo Lee, Toshihiro Kuwayama, Michael Fitzgibbon
Summary: This study investigated the changes in nitrogen dioxide (NO2) air pollution levels and their disparities in California, U.S. during the pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The results showed a decrease in NO2 concentrations, especially in urban and high-traffic areas. However, socially vulnerable populations still experienced higher levels of NO2 exposure. The study suggests that reducing NO2 disparities, particularly racial inequity, can be achieved through continued regulatory actions targeting traffic-related NOx emissions.
ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT
(2024)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Maria Chiara Pietrogrande, Beatrice Biffi, Cristina Colombi, Eleonora Cuccia, Umberto Dal Santo, Luisa Romanato
Summary: This study investigates the chemical composition and oxidative potential of PM10 particles in the Po Valley, Italy, and demonstrates the impact of high levels of atmosphere ammonia. The rural area had significantly higher ammonia concentrations compared to the urban site, resulting in higher levels of secondary inorganic aerosol. Although the SIA components did not contribute significantly to the PM10 oxidative reactivity, they were correlated with the oxidative potential measurements. This suggests that the contribution of SIA to PM oxidative toxicity cannot be ignored.
ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT
(2024)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Natalie Allen, Jan Gacnik, Sarrah M. Dunham-Cheatham, Mae Sexauer Gustin
Summary: Accurate measurement of atmospheric reactive mercury is challenging due to its reactivity and low concentrations. The University of Nevada, Reno Reactive Mercury Active System (RMAS) has been shown to be more accurate than the industry standard, but has limitations including long time resolution and sampling biases. Increasing the sampling flow rate negatively affected RM concentrations, but did not impact the chemical composition of RM captured on membranes.
ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT
(2024)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Chin-Yu Hsu, Wei-Ting Hsu, Ching-Yi Mou, Pei-Yi Wong, Chih-Da Wu, Yu-Cheng Chen
Summary: This study estimated the daily exposure concentrations of PM2.5 for elderly individuals residing in different regions of Taiwan using land use regression with machine learning (LUR_ML) and microenvironmental exposure (ME) models. The accuracy of the models varied across regions, with the ME models exhibiting higher predictions and lower biases. The use of region-specific microenvironmental measurements in the ME model showed potential for accurate prediction of personal PM2.5 exposure.
ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT
(2024)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Xiaohan Si, Kerrie Mengersen, Chuchu Ye, Wenbiao Hu
Summary: This study found that there is an interactive effect between air pollutants and weather factors, which significantly affects influenza transmission. Future research should consider the interactive effects between pollutants and temperature or humidity to evaluate the environment-influenza association.
ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT
(2024)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Luxi Xu, Ruijun Xu, Yunshao Ye, Rui Wang, Jing Wei, Chunxiang Shi, Qiaoxuan Lin, Ziquan Lv, Suli Huang, Qi Tian, Yuewei Liu
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the impact of ambient air pollution on hospital admissions for angina. The results showed that exposure to ambient particulate matter, sulfur dioxide, nitrogen dioxide, carbon monoxide, and ozone are associated with an increased risk of hospital admissions for angina. The association with nitrogen dioxide exposure was found to be the strongest.
ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT
(2024)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Xinyu Yu, Man Sing Wong, Majid Nazeer, Zhengqiang Li, Coco Yin Tung Kwok
Summary: This study proposes a novel method to address the challenge of missing values in satellite-derived AOD products and creates a comprehensive daily AOD dataset for the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area. By reconstructing missing values and developing a new model, the derived dataset outperforms existing products and agrees well with ground-based observations. Additionally, the dataset exhibits consistent temporal patterns and more spatial details.
ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT
(2024)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Yidan Zhang, Yifan Xu, Bo Peng, Wu Chen, Xiaoyu Cui, Tianle Zhang, Xi Chen, Yuan Yao, Mingjin Wang, Junyi Liu, Mei Zheng, Tong Zhu
Summary: This study developed a sensitive method to measure the metallic components of atmospheric fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and compared the results with different analysis methods. The concentrations of metallic components in personal PM2.5 samples were found to be significantly different from corresponding fixed-site samples. Personal sampling can reduce exposure misclassifications, and measuring metallic components is useful for exploring health risks and identifying sources of PM2.5.
ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT
(2024)
Review
Environmental Sciences
Jamie Leonard, Lea Ann El Rassi, Mona Abdul Samad, Samantha Prehn, Sanjay K. Mohanty
Summary: Increasing concentrations of microplastics in the Earth's atmosphere could have adverse effects on ecosystems and human health. The deposition rate of airborne microplastics is influenced by both land use and climate, and a global analysis suggests that climate may have a greater impact on the concentration and deposition rate of microplastics than land use.
ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT
(2024)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Tian Zhou, Xiaowen Zhou, Zining Yang, Carmen Cordoba-Jabonero, Yufei Wang, Zhongwei Huang, Pengbo Da, Qiju Luo, Zhijuan Zhang, Jinsen Shi, Jianrong Bi, Hocine Alikhodja
Summary: This study investigated the long-range transport and effects of North African and Middle Eastern dust in East Asia using lidar observations and model simulations. The results showed that the dust originated from multiple sources and had a long transport time. The vertical distribution of the dust was found to be crucial for assessing its impacts.
ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT
(2024)