Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Krizia Sagini, Lorena Urbanelli, Sandra Buratta, Carla Emiliani, Alicia Llorente
Summary: Altered cellular metabolism is a well-established hallmark of cancer, including the upregulation of lipid metabolism. Recent advances in lipid analysis have allowed for the investigation of the lipid content in cancer patient biofluids, leading to the discovery of potential cancer biomarkers. Biofluid-derived extracellular vesicles, with their unique molecular signature, have emerged as a promising platform for lipid biomarker discovery.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Cristina Lorca, Moises Laparra, Maria Virtudes Cespedes, Laura Casani, Sergi Florit, Mariona Jove, Natalia Mota-Martorell, Elisabet Vilella, Xavier Gallart-Palau, Aida Serra
Summary: This study explores and defines the use of food industry by-products as a sustainable and safe source of biocompatible extracellular vesicles. The vesicles have a large yield of exosomes, high abundance of membrane lipids, and complex proteomes resembling those in human blood plasma. The biocompatible vesicles show excellent oral and intravenous bioavailability, as well as specific organ targeting capacity.
ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Salvador Sanchez-Vinces, Pedro Henrique Dias Garcia, Alex Ap. Rosini Silva, Anna Maria Alves de Piloto Fernandes, Joyce Aparecida Barreto, Gustavo Henrique Bueno Duarte, Marcia Aparecida Antonio, Alexander Birbrair, Andreia M. Porcari, Patricia de Oliveira Carvalho
Summary: The comprehensive lipidome determined by mass spectrometry is correlated to the serum whole-lipidic profile of adults with different lipidemic conditions. Specifically, serum TAG levels have a positive correlation with certain specific TAGs and ceramides, and a negative correlation with sphingomyelins. HDL-C levels are positively correlated with certain groups of glycerophosphocholine, while LDL-C has a positive correlation with sphingomyelins.
Article
Cell Biology
Andrea Ridolfi, Laura Conti, Marco Brucale, Roberto Frigerio, Jacopo Cardellini, Angelo Musico, Miriam Romano, Andrea Zendrini, Laura Polito, Greta Bergamaschi, Alessandro Gori, Costanza Montis, Stefano Panella, Lucio Barile, Debora Berti, Annalisa Radeghieri, Paolo Bergese, Marina Cretich, Francesco Valle
Summary: This study presents a rapid nanomechanical screening method based on atomic force microscopy to determine the diameter and mechanical stiffness of lipoproteins and extracellular vesicles. The method allows for the discrimination and estimation of their relative abundance in mixed samples, providing a useful tool for assessing the purity of isolates.
JOURNAL OF EXTRACELLULAR VESICLES
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Andrea Ridolfi, Laura Conti, Marco Brucale, Roberto Frigerio, Jacopo Cardellini, Angelo Musico, Miriam Romano, Andrea Zendrini, Laura Polito, Greta Bergamaschi, Alessandro Gori, Costanza Montis, Stefano Panella, Lucio Barile, Debora Berti, Annalisa Radeghieri, Paolo Bergese, Marina Cretich, Francesco Valle
Summary: The overlapping physicochemical properties of lipoproteins and extracellular vesicles pose challenges in isolating and characterizing these biogenic lipid nanoparticles. This study presents a rapid nanomechanical screening method using atomic force microscopy to determine the diameter and stiffness of individual nanometric objects in mixed lipoprotein and extracellular vesicle samples. The method enables discrimination of co-isolated vesicles and lipoproteins based on their specific nanomechanical readouts and provides insights into the relationship between mechanical behavior and structural features. The approach is label-free and can be used to assess the purity of lipoprotein and extracellular vesicle isolates efficiently.
JOURNAL OF EXTRACELLULAR VESICLES
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Young Beom Kim, Gwang Bin Lee, Myeong Hee Moon
Summary: This study demonstrates that flow field-flow fractionation combined with multiangle light scattering can simultaneously separate exosomes and microvesicles, and improve the detection of low concentration EV species. Ultrafiltration retrieves more EVs compared to ultracentrifugation. The collected fractions were validated and analyzed for size and lipid composition.
ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Brett Vahkal, Jamie Kraft, Emanuela Ferretti, Minyoung Chung, Jean-Francois Beaulieu, Illimar Altosaar
Summary: Proteomics can map extracellular vesicles (EVs), such as exosomes, across disease states and cell types, but careful consideration must be given to avoid the impact of contaminants in samples. Human milk EVs and exosomes are increasingly important in health and disease research, yet experimental characterization and functional assays still need further refinement.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Hilal A. Rather, Shalini Mishra, Yixin Su, Ashish Kumar, Sangeeta Singh, Biswapriya B. Misra, Jingyun Lee, Cristina M. Furdui, Lindsey R. Hamilton, Robert W. Gould, Susan H. Nader, Michael A. Nader, Gagan Deep
Summary: This study investigates the effects of prenatal cocaine use on postnatal development and long-term neurobiological outcomes. The researchers found that extracellular vesicles (EVs) could potentially serve as biomarkers to assess the adverse effects due to prenatal cocaine exposure.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Fenglong Jiao, Fangyuan Gao, Yuanyuan Liu, Zhiya Fan, Xiaochao Xiang, Chaoshuang Xia, Yayao Lv, Yuping Xie, Haihong Bai, Wanjun Zhang, Weijie Qin, Xiaohong Qian
Summary: Small extracellular vesicles (SEVs) are cell-derived nanometer-sized vesicles that play vital roles in diseases and biomarker research. Current techniques for SEVs isolation face challenges, but Ti4+-modified magnetic graphene-oxide composites may offer a new approach for phosphoproteome studies of SEVs.
Article
Oncology
Juliana Mueller Bark, Lucas Trevisan Franca de Lima, Xi Zhang, Daniel Broszczak, Paul J. Leo, Rosalind L. Jeffree, Benjamin Chua, Bryan W. Day, Chamindie Punyadeera
Summary: This study demonstrates the feasibility of isolating and characterizing small extracellular vesicles (EVs) from pre- and postoperative saliva samples from glioblastoma (GBM) patients for the first time. Preliminary findings encourage further large cohort validation studies on salivary small EVs to evaluate prognosis in GBM.
Article
Microbiology
Lei Zhang, Keming Zhang, Hang Li, Carolina Coelho, Diego de Souza Goncalves, Man Shun Fu, Xinhua Li, Ernesto S. Nakayasu, Young-Mo Kim, Wanqing Liao, Weihua Pan, Arturo Casadevall
Summary: The study showed that extracellular vesicles released by Cryptococcus-infected macrophages can reduce fungal burdens but lead to shorter survival in infected mice. These EVs also induce inflammatory responses in naive macrophages and activate immune-related pathways to combat C. neoformans.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Madlen Reinicke, Saikal Shamkeeva, Max Hell, Berend Isermann, Uta Ceglarek, Mitja L. Heinemann
Summary: This study improved a quantitative mass spectrometry method and successfully applied it to the lipidomic analysis of differently polarized macrophage-derived EVs. The study found that freeze-thaw cycles had a significant impact on EV lipid profiles, and the polarization of EVs also resulted in changes in lipid profiles. Therefore, a standardized sample pretreatment protocol is crucial for the analysis of bioactive lipids in EVs.
Review
Biochemical Research Methods
Vivian Weiwen Xue, Chenxi Yang, Sze Chuen Cesar Wong, William Chi Shing Cho
Summary: Extracellular vesicles (EVs) play essential roles in cancer development through influencing cells in the tumor microenvironment. Specific proteins expressed in tumor-derived EVs can be utilized for cancer diagnosis and monitoring.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Natalie Turner, Pevindu Abeysinghe, Hassendrini Peiris, Kanchan Vaswani, Pawel Sadowski, Nick Cameron, Nathanael McGhee, Jayden Logan, Murray D. Mitchell
Summary: Cattle ticks pose a significant threat to cattle herds globally. This study successfully used mass spectrometry to profile the systemic effects of tick burden in cattle and identified differential proteins in the blood plasma of cattle with different tick resistance.
JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Melissa R. Pergande, Christina Kang, Diann George, Pearl A. Sutter, Stephen J. Crocker, Stephanie M. Cologna, Maria Givogri
Summary: This study investigates the lipid content of brain-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) in a mouse model of Metachromatic Leukodystrophy. The results suggest age-dependent alterations of sulfatides and their precursors in EVs, providing potential biomarkers for the disease.
LIPIDS IN HEALTH AND DISEASE
(2022)
