Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Jingwei Wei, Hanyu Jiang, Yu Zhou, Jie Tian, Felipe S. Furtado, Onofrio A. Catalano
Summary: High postoperative recurrence rates in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) pose a challenge in its management. Current methods for evaluating the pathophysiological and molecular characteristics of HCC preoperatively are insufficient. Radiomics, using artificial intelligence techniques, can extract key features from medical images to accurately assess the risk stratification of HCC patients. Comprehensive integration of radiomics, clinical, and/or multi-omics data can also improve the prediction of treatment response and prognosis.
DIGESTIVE AND LIVER DISEASE
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jiayu Liu, Jiqi Zheng, Xintian Cai, Dongdong Wu, Chengliang Yin
Summary: This study investigates whether ChatGPT can respond in accordance with evidence-based medicine in neurosurgery. The results show that GPT-3.5's ability is comparable to neurosurgeons with low seniority, while GPT-4.0's ability is comparable to neurosurgeons with high seniority. Future upgrades could enhance ChatGPT's performance and abilities.
Article
Psychiatry
Nicholas C. Jacobson, Matthew D. Nemesure
Summary: While digital psychiatric interventions can reduce treatment barriers, not everyone benefits from them. Research shows that machine learning methods can accurately predict an individual's responsiveness to digital treatments to help personalize decision-making about the direction of treatment.
PSYCHIATRY RESEARCH
(2021)
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Joo Hun Yoo, Harim Jeong, Tai-Myoung Chung
Summary: Digital therapeutics, utilizing cutting-edge computing technologies, are evidence-based treatments delivered through software programs, revolutionizing healthcare. This research provides a comprehensive overview of the latest technologies involved in the development of digital therapeutics and highlights specific technologies necessary for future growth. Furthermore, a system design for digital therapeutics targeting depression is presented, along with a detailed explanation of the technical process.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2023)
Review
Engineering, Biomedical
Bjoern M. Eskoficr, Jochen Klucken
Summary: Artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) methods are widely used in medicine and healthcare. However, there is a lack of comprehensive research on the use of these methods in longitudinal analysis and prediction of an individual patient's health status within a personalized disease pathway. This review aims to fill that gap by providing an overview of the AI and ML methods employed in this field and discussing the strengths, limitations, and future research directions.
ANNUAL REVIEW OF BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Biophysics
Jun Jie Ong, Thomas D. Pollard, Alvaro Goyanes, Simon Gaisford, Mohammed Elbadawi, Abdul W. Basit
Summary: Optical biosensors are poised to revolutionize the medical industry, with successful applications in health monitoring and potential benefits in drug detection and monitoring. Personalized dosing using optical biosensors has the ability to significantly improve patient lives.
BIOSENSORS & BIOELECTRONICS
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Alfred Ultsch, Joern Loetsch
Summary: Bayesian inference is widely used in science, but its calculation is not robust in regions of low evidence. Researchers propose a robust extension approach that improves class assignment accuracy for extreme values and weak evidence data.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Oncology
Jionghui Gu, Tian'an Jiang
Summary: Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women worldwide. Radiomics plays a crucial role in breast cancer management, providing accurate diagnosis, risk assessment, and assisting in predicting treatment response.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
Tim Joda, Nicola U. Zitzmann
Summary: Precision dentistry, with the advancement of new technologies, is experiencing significant changes and potential. Artificial intelligence and augmented reality technologies will play a crucial role in the field of dentistry, promoting the development of personalized workflows. With the support of tele-dentistry and digital technology, the dental industry will be able to serve patients more conveniently and efficiently.
CLINICAL ORAL INVESTIGATIONS
(2022)
Review
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Akihiro Nomura
Summary: Ten years after Japan launched the Action Plan of Growth Strategy for digitalizing medical care, nursing care, and healthcare, significant progress has been made in the field of digital health and digital medicine. Digital therapeutics (DTx) have emerged as a novel treatment option, and Japan has approved and reimbursed two DTx applications for cardiovascular medicine. These DTx systems have shown promising results in improving smoking cessation rates and managing hypertension in a cost-effective manner, making them suitable for widespread use.
HYPERTENSION RESEARCH
(2023)
Review
Chemistry, Medicinal
Xin Liu, Gehang Ju, Wenyu Yang, Lulu Chen, Nuo Xu, Qingfeng He, Xiao Zhu, Dongsheng Ouyang
Summary: Escitalopram (SCIT) is a widely used antidepressant and antianxiety medication with significant interindividual variability in pharmacokinetics. This study aimed to establish a parametric population pharmacokinetic (PPK) model of SCIT for personalized dosing. The impact of covariates on clearance, including CYP2C19 phenotype, weight, and age, was evaluated. It was found that dosing regimens should be tailored based on these factors. Furthermore, the exposure to SCIT among Chinese psychiatric patients was significantly higher compared to other populations, indicating a need for further investigation.
DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY
(2023)
Review
Chemistry, Medicinal
Julien Guiot, Akshayaa Vaidyanathan, Louis Deprez, Fadila Zerka, Denis Danthine, Anne-Noelle Frix, Philippe Lambin, Fabio Bottari, Nathan Tsoutzidis, Benjamin Miraglio, Sean Walsh, Wim Vos, Roland Hustinx, Marta Ferreira, Pierre Lovinfosse, Ralph T. H. Leijenaar
Summary: Radiomics is a method for quantitatively analyzing medical images to create diagnostic, prognostic, and/or predictive models. It utilizes sophisticated image analysis tools and statistical methods to extract hidden information in medical images, but caution is needed to avoid overenthusiastic claims and scientific pollution.
MEDICINAL RESEARCH REVIEWS
(2022)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Tarkan Karakan, Aycan Gundogdu, Hakan Alagozlu, Nergiz Ekmen, Seckin Ozgul, Varol Tunali, Mehmet Hora, Damla Beyazgul, O. Ufuk Nalbantoglu
Summary: AI-based personalized microbiome modulation through diet significantly improves IBS-related symptoms in patients with IBS-M. The personalized nutrition group showed more significant changes in IBS-SSS scores and improvement in gut microbiome features compared to the standard IBS diet group.
Article
Medical Laboratory Technology
Abdurrahman Coskun, Giuseppe Lippi
Summary: Interpretation of laboratory data requires reliable reference data. Traditional laboratory medicine using population data as reference for individuals can be problematic. Personalized laboratory medicine uses data from individuals' repeated samples to generate personalized reference data sets, facilitating more accurate diagnosis, monitoring, and treatment for each individual. It also includes information about individuals' biological characteristics, health behavior, and statistical algorithms.
CLINICAL CHEMISTRY AND LABORATORY MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Brototo Deb, Prasanth Ganesan, Ruibin Feng, Sanjiv M. Narayan
Summary: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a major cause of heart failure and stroke, and early maintenance of sinus rhythm has been shown to reduce major cardiovascular endpoints, yet is difficult to achieve. Improving therapy outcomes may require a multifaceted approach that personalizes therapy based on mechanisms measured in individuals across biological scales.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Review
Health Care Sciences & Services
Qiao Ying Leong, Shreya Sridhar, Agata Blasiak, Xavier Tadeo, GeckHong Yeo, Alexandria Remus, Dean Ho
Summary: This review examines the current state of mHealth platforms for anxiety and depression management. The study found a wide variety of platforms available for research or commercial use, with differences in target conditions, target groups, purposes, and intervention types. It also highlighted a lack of clinical and real-world evidence for most commercially available platforms. Future efforts should focus on evaluating the quality, safety, and effectiveness of existing platforms and providing guidelines and regulations for developers.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL INTERNET RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Agata Blasiak, Kian Ann Ng, Marshal Dian Sheng Wong, Chne-Wuen Tsai, Astrid Rusly, Gil Gerald Lasam Gammad, Kai Voges, Camilo Libedinsky, Shih Cheng Yen, Nitish Thakor, Amitabha Lahiri
Summary: This study aimed to develop a stable peripheral neural interface (PNI) for neuro-prosthetic applications. By utilizing fibro-axonal outgrowth and fibrosis, the researchers fabricated a novel PNI and demonstrated its functionality and stability through experiments.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING
(2022)
Review
Dermatology
Curtis Tam, Jeffrey Khong, Kevin Tam, Ruslan Vasilev, Wesley Wu, Salar Hazany
Summary: Scarring is a serious consequence of acne vulgaris, especially atrophic acne scarring which is common among young adults. This literature review focuses on non-energy-based approaches to treating atrophic acne scarring, with emphasis on recent advances within the last 5 to 10 years. The findings highlight the lack of a universal solution, leading to the development of unique combinational treatments.
CLINICAL COSMETIC AND INVESTIGATIONAL DERMATOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
V. Vien Lee, Ni Yin Lau, David J. Y. Xi, Anh T. L. Truong, Agata Blasiak, Kewin T. H. Siah, Dean Ho
Summary: This review evaluated the methodological quality and measurement properties of constipation-related patient-related outcome measures (PROMs) using the COSMIN criteria, and assessed the modes of digital dissemination of these PROMs. The results showed variations among PROMs in terms of constipation subtypes, administration methods, length, and recall period. No PROM met all the quality standards, but 5 PROMs received sufficient ratings. Only 2 PROMs were developed in Asia. Digital methods were used for 5 PROMs, but the process of adapting them into digital formats was not reported.
JOURNAL OF NEUROGASTROENTEROLOGY AND MOTILITY
(2022)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Agata Blasiak, Anh T. L. Truong, Alexandria Remus, Lissa Hooi, Shirley Gek Kheng Seah, Peter Wang, De Hoe Chye, Angeline Pei Chiew Lim, Kim Tien Ng, Swee Teng Teo, Yee-Joo Tan, David Michael Allen, Louis Yi Ann Chai, Wee Joo Chng, Raymond T. P. Lin, David C. B. Lye, John Eu-Li Wong, Gek-Yen Gladys Tan, Conrad En Zuo Chan, Edward Kai-Hua Chow, Dean Ho
Summary: IDentif.AI-x is a clinically actionable artificial intelligence platform that can rapidly identify and prioritize optimal combination therapies against COVID-19. It revealed strong candidate drugs and identified actionable drug interactions.
NPJ DIGITAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Agata Blasiak, Anh T. L. Truong, Peter Wang, Lissa Hooi, De Hoe Chye, Shi-Bei Tan, Kui You, Alexandria Remus, David Michael Allen, Louis Yi Ann Chai, Conrad E. Z. Chan, David C. B. Lye, Gek-Yen G. Tan, Shirley G. K. Seah, Edward Kai-Hua Chow, Dean Ho
Summary: The study used the IDentif.AI platform to investigate the drug-drug and drug-dose interactions of six potential therapies for COVID-19. The results showed that while few drugs demonstrated moderate efficacy as monotherapies, combinatorial drug testing revealed significant dose-dependent drug-drug interactions. These findings may support further exploration of dose-dependent drug interactions between different drug classes as possible combinatorial therapies in clinical trials.
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Shang Wei Song, Rashi Gupta, Niharika Jothilingam, Xinlei Qian, Yue Gu, V. Vien Lee, Yoann Sapanel, David Michael Allen, John Eu Li Wong, Paul MacAry, Dean Ho, Agata Blasiak
Summary: Despite the potential of saliva as a convenient clinical substrate for biomonitoring, its widespread utilization has not been fully achieved due to challenges in handling its non-Newtonian, heterogenous, and highly viscous nature. Conventional saliva processing methods are time and resource intensive, limiting testing capabilities especially during a pandemic. To address these challenges, the SHEAR saliva collection device is introduced, which mechanically processes saliva in a rapid and resource-efficient manner. The device has shown improvements in reducing saliva viscosity, enhancing sample uniformity, and increasing diagnostic performance for COVID-19 rapid antigen tests.
BIOENGINEERING & TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Dermatology
Abhinav Vempati, Crystal Zhou, Curtis Tam, Jeffrey Khong, Aaron Rubanowitz, Kevin Tam, Sarah Hazany, Ruslan Vasilev, Salar Hazany
Summary: Subcutaneous incisionless surgery, also known as subcision, is a minimally invasive procedure commonly used for treating atrophic acne scars. New techniques and instruments have been developed to enhance the results of this procedure. This review article provides an updated list of tools and combination treatments for atrophic acne scar patients undergoing subcision. Four main categories of subcision tools, including needles, cannulas, wires, and blunt-blade instruments, are commonly used to treat atrophic acne scars. Subcision is highly effective for treating atrophic acne scars, and there is significant potential for further innovation in this technique.
CLINICAL COSMETIC AND INVESTIGATIONAL DERMATOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Dermatology
Crystal Zhou, Abhinav Vempati, Curtis Tam, Jeffrey Khong, Ruslan Vasilev, Kevin Tam, Sanam Hazany, Salar Hazany
Summary: Post-acne scarring is a common consequence of acne vulgaris with no universal cure. Recent advances in physically addressing acne scars have been made, but research on their psychosocial impacts is still lacking. A comprehensive PubMed search highlights known sources of mental distress caused by post-acne scarring and suggests that it requires a unique clinical approach separate from that used for active acne.
CLINICAL COSMETIC AND INVESTIGATIONAL DERMATOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Health Care Sciences & Services
Yoann Sapanel, Xavier Tadeo, Connor T. A. Brenna, Alexandria Remus, Florian Koerber, L. Martin Cloutier, Gabriel Tremblay, Agata Blasiak, Chris L. Hardesty, Joanne Yoong, Dean Ho
Summary: Digital therapeutics (DTx) offer potential economic benefits in preventing, managing, or treating medical disorders. This systematic review found that DTx interventions were cost-effective or cost-saving in a majority of the evaluated studies. However, there were methodological shortcomings in the economic analyses conducted to date, indicating a need for improved evaluation methods.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL INTERNET RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
V. Vien Lee, Smrithi Vijayakumar, Wei Ying Ng, Ni Yin Lau, Qiao Ying Leong, Delicia Shu Qin Ooi, Lin Lin Su, Yung Seng Lee, Shiao-Yng Chan, Agata Blasiak, Dean Ho
Summary: This study aimed to understand the needs and expectations of women before, during and after pregnancy for digital health interventions (DHIs) in order to inform and optimize future DHI developments. Through interviews and thematic analysis, personalization and localization of DHIs emerged as key concepts, with corresponding themes and subthemes identified.
NPJ DIGITAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Smrithi Vijayakumar, V. Vien Lee, Qiao Ying Leong, Soo Jung Hong, Agata Blasiak, Dean Ho
Summary: This study aims to understand physicians' perspectives of integrating CURATE.AI into clinical work and gather insights on considerations of implementing AI-based CDSS tools. Through semi-structured interviews, the research found that physicians have personalized and layered expectations during different stages of technology development.
JMIR HUMAN FACTORS
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
V. Vien Lee, Ni Yin Lau, Agata Blasiak, Kewin Tien Ho Siah, Dean Ho
Summary: This study aimed to develop a constipation PROM with multiple phases of patient and clinician involvement, which can measure both symptom severity and constipation-related quality of life.
COMPUTATIONAL AND STRUCTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Devika Mukherjee, Peter Wang, Lissa Hooi, Vedant Sandhu, Kui You, Agata Blasiak, Edward Kai-Hua Chow, Dean Ho, Pui Lai Rachel Ee
Summary: In this study, IDentif.AI was used to optimize and design combination therapy regimens against highly resistant and rapid growth Mycobacterium abscessus. The designed combinations demonstrated greater efficacy than the current standard of care regimens and identified potential drug interactions.
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
V. Vien Lee, Smrithi Vijayakumar, Ni Yin Lau, Agata Blasiak, Kewin Tien Ho Siah, Dean Ho
Summary: This study aims to explore the needs and concerns of patients with chronic constipation regarding health apps, and provide user insights for the development of effective health apps.