Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Ganghui Lin, Ahmed Elzanaty, Mohamed-Slim Alouini
Summary: This article comprehensively analyzes LB modulation from temporal, spectral, and error performance characteristics. The analysis shows that out-of-band emissions for LB satisfy regulations only when considering a relatively large number of loads. The ML decoder can achieve performance similar to conventional LoRa with a moderate number of loads.
IEEE INTERNET OF THINGS JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Jae-Mo Kang, Dong-Woo Lim
Summary: This article theoretically tackles the quasi-orthogonality of LoRa modulation for the first time. By deriving the cross-correlation between nonsynchronized LoRa signals with different spreading factors in both continuous- and discrete-time domains, the quasi-orthogonality of LoRa modulation is analyzed and some useful engineering insights are drawn. Through extensive numerical simulations, the validity and accuracy of the analysis are demonstrated.
IEEE INTERNET OF THINGS JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Kuo-Hsiung Tseng, Meng-Yun Chung, Li-Hsien Chen, Yi-Wei Huang
Summary: With the development of IoT and the implementation of low-power wide-area networks, disaster prevention and monitoring have become crucial in the construction of smart cities. This study focuses on establishing a system to ensure pedestrian safety, particularly in slope areas in Taiwan. Monitoring equipment is installed based on protection structure principles to provide quantitative data on rockfall disasters. The study also establishes maintenance indicators and management thresholds for disaster severity.
IEEE SENSORS JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
A. Hernandez-Benitez, A. Balam, J. Vazquez-Castillo, Johan J. Estrada-Lopez, R. Quijano-Cetina, A. Bassam, F. Aviles, A. Castillo-Atoche
Summary: This article presents a portable strain sensing node based on MWCNTs/PP composites for long-range wireless networks with IoT connectivity. The node exhibits high piezoresistive sensitivity and accuracy, with ultra-low power consumption.
IEEE SENSORS JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Jae-Mo Kang, Dong-Woo Lim, Kyu-Min Kang
Summary: This article investigates the problem of preamble detection for LoRa modulation and analyzes its performance. The optimal preamble detector is derived and the best preamble is designed to maximize the detection probability and achieve a target false alarm rate. Two special scenarios, namely a large spreading factor and uncorrelated noise, are explored to reduce computational complexity and gain more insights. The analysis is extended to the case with phase offset. The study reveals the limitations of existing preamble detection methods and provides engineering insights and theoretical performance limits for preamble detection with LoRa modulation.
IEEE INTERNET OF THINGS JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Yas Hosseini Tehrani, Seyed Mojtaba Atarodi
Summary: This article focuses on the design and implementation of a low-power and low-cost current measurement circuit for IoT nodes. The circuit introduces a new pass element to measure current consumption over a high dynamic range, providing load regulation, dynamic range, and linearity error.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INSTRUMENTATION AND MEASUREMENT
(2022)
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Mathieu Xhonneux, Joachim Tapparel, Alexios Balatsoukas-Stimming, Andreas Burg, Orion Afisiadis
Summary: LoRa is an emerging technology that provides long-range wireless connectivity for IoT devices. This article presents a LoRa receiver capable of decoding colliding packets from two interfering end nodes, and introduces complexity-reduction techniques for practical implementation. Additionally, an interference-robust synchronization algorithm is designed to demonstrate the practicality of the proposed detector.
IEEE INTERNET OF THINGS JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Zhenyu Jia, Wenjun Zheng, Fei Yuan
Summary: This article introduces the consideration of multipath and noise in low-power long-range modulation systems for underwater IoT applications, proposing a two-dimensional modulation method that can effectively suppress multipath effects and obtain a larger processing gain.
IEEE INTERNET OF THINGS JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Ali Waqar Azim, Ahmad Bazzi, Raed Shubair, Marwa Chafii
Summary: This study proposes a dual-mode chirp spread spectrum (DM-CSS) modulation for low-power wide-area networks, which achieves higher spectral efficiency and energy efficiency than classical counterparts such as LoRa modulation. The DM-CSS scheme multiplexes even and odd chirp signals, uses phase shifts, and either up-chirp or down-chirp signals to increase the spectral efficiency. The proposed transceiver architecture and non-coherent detection process demonstrate the effectiveness and robustness of DM-CSS.
IEEE WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONS LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Ch. Santosh Reddy, Preety Priya, Debarati Sen, Chetna Singhal
Summary: The use of 5G networks in the Internet of Things (IoT) is a breakthrough, as it can handle a large number of connected devices in high-speed scenarios. However, the current transmission technology for IoT networks is limited in providing reliable connections in high-speed vehicular scenarios. The recently proposed orthogonal time-frequency space (OTFS) modulation is a strong contender for vehicular IoT (V-IoT) systems but requires efficient transceiver design. To address this, we propose an embedded pilot design in the Delay-Doppler domain for V-IoT systems, optimizing the pilot's position based on vehicle speed to maximize spectral efficiency. This efficient transceiver design allows for resource conservation and eliminates complex encoders like low-density parity check in NR-IoT.
IEEE INTERNET OF THINGS JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Gianni Pasolini
Summary: This paper firstly analyzes the baseband processing for the generation of LoRa signals at the transmitter side, providing a simple algorithm that reduces the modulator complexity using digital signal processing techniques. Secondly, the paper investigates the signal demodulation technique and finds that its effectiveness depends on the particular choice of the sampling frequency at the receiver side. Finally, the actual architecture of digital receivers is considered, exploring the trade-off between the selectivity of receive digital filters and the required computational effort and power consumption, as well as the receiver performance.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Quantao Yu, Hua Wang, Zhiping Lu, Shixiang An
Summary: LoRa is a proprietary technology used for IoT applications, which supports long range communication through CSS modulation. This letter proposes a novel group-based CSS modulation scheme and introduces a configurable parameter to achieve a flexible trade-off between power and spectral efficiency. Simulation results demonstrate the feasibility and advantages of this new modulation scheme.
IEEE WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONS LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Jae-Mo Kang
Summary: This letter proposes a new index modulation technique for LoRa to increase the data rate. It concurrently transmits multiple quasi-orthogonal chirps modulated under different spreading factors, utilizing the spreading factor domain to carry more information. The coherent and noncoherent detection algorithms for the proposed index modulation are also developed in efficient forms. Numerical results demonstrate the superiority of the proposed scheme over state-of-the-art techniques.
IEEE INTERNET OF THINGS JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Ming Zhao, Ren-Jie Ye, Shuo-Tsung Chen, Yen-Chun Chen, Zi-Yu Chen
Summary: This work implements an intelligent forest monitoring system using IoT with LPWAN, LoRa, and NB-IoT wireless network communication technologies. A solar micro-weather station with LoRa-based sensors and communications was built to monitor the forest status and information such as light intensity, air pressure, ultraviolet intensity, CO2, etc. A multi-hop algorithm for LoRa-based sensors and communications is proposed to solve the problem of long-distance communication without 3G/4G.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Boseul Kim, Sunghae Kim, Min Lee, Hyukjae Chang, Eunjeong Park, Taehwa Han
Summary: This paper introduces an IoT system using Sigfox in the medical field, which provides high-quality medical services through efficient management of patients and mobile assets. The effectiveness of medical device and patient safety management was evaluated through a proof-of-concept implementation.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2022)
Article
Telecommunications
Hussam Ibraiwish, Ahmed Elzanaty, Yazan H. Al-Badarneh, Mohamed-Slim Alouini
Summary: This letter proposes a novel architecture based on reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RIS) in a smart radio environment to minimize population exposure to electromagnetic field (EMF) radiation. By optimizing RIS phases, it achieves a reduction of up to 20% in exposure index (EI) while maintaining the target quality of service.
IEEE COMMUNICATIONS LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Yazan H. Al-Badarneh, Ahmed Elzanaty, Mohamed-Slim Alouini
Summary: This article proposes an underlay SSBC system and analyzes the performance of the secondary network under a transmit power adaptation strategy. Novel analytical expressions for various performance metrics are derived and validated through Monte Carlo simulations.
IEEE INTERNET OF THINGS JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Matteo Nerini, Elia Favarelli, Marco Chiani
Summary: This paper proposes a PIN authentication method based on smartphone movements, which can enhance security and achieve low error rates and fast processing time.
Article
Engineering, Aerospace
Dario Modenini, Alfredo Locarini, Lorenzo Valentini, Alberto Faedi, Paolo Tortora, Davide Rovelli, Nicolo Mazzali, Marco Chiani, Enrico Paolini
Summary: This article investigates architectures for interplanetary communications that utilize a data relay. The two-leg architecture considered involves a spacecraft orbiting the Earth or in a Lagrange point, receiving data from a deep-space probe and relaying it to the ground. Different wireless technologies and orbital configurations are analyzed, showing that the adoption of a two-leg architecture can achieve higher data rates with smaller ground station antennas.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON AEROSPACE AND ELECTRONIC SYSTEMS
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Amanat Kafizov, Ahmed Elzanaty, Mohamed-Slim Alouini
Summary: In this paper, a novel adaptive coded spatial modulation scheme with probabilistic shaping is proposed for visible light communication. The scheme utilizes probabilistic shaping of spatial and constellation symbols based on the user's location and optical signal-to-noise ratio, and optimizes the channel coding rate to maximize the achievable rate.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Hanyu Jiang, Li You, Ahmed Elzanaty, Jue Wang, Wenjin Wang, Xiqi Gao, Mohamed-Slim Alouini
Summary: In recent years, the prevalence of wireless devices has become a significant source of electromagnetic radiation, raising concerns about the risks of long-term exposure. To address this issue, the use of rate-splitting multiple access (RSMA) has been proposed to improve wireless transmission performance while limiting electromagnetic exposure. This study focuses on optimizing transmit covariance matrices and decoding order using statistical channel state information, tackling the problem as a non-convex mixed integer program. The proposed EM exposure-aware EE maximization scheme for uplink RSMA is shown to be effective through numerical results.
IEEE JOURNAL ON SELECTED AREAS IN COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Lorenzo Valentini, Marco Chiani, Enrico Paolini
Summary: This paper proposes a massive multiple access scheme that is capable of serving a large number of uncoordinated devices while meeting reliability and latency constraints. The scheme utilizes grant-free coded random access protocols and is tailored to massive MIMO base station processing. High reliability is achieved through the use of a simple device access protocol combined with acknowledgements from the base station. Analytical bounds on error floor and latency are also provided as system design guidelines. These proposed schemes are particularly relevant in addressing the challenges of massive machine-type communications in next-generation massive multiple access systems.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Salma Sobhi, Ahmed Elzanaty, Mohamed Y. Selim, Atef M. Ghuniem, Mohamed F. Abdelkader
Summary: Environmental monitoring is crucial for the preservation of delicate ecosystems or pristine sites. Recently, low-power wide area network protocols have been utilized in remote monitoring due to their wide range capabilities and independence from heavy infrastructure. This study proposes a mobile vehicle-mounted gateway architecture for IoT data collection in communication-network-free areas, examining the limits of reliable communication in terms of gateway speed, throughput, and energy consumption. Real-world experiments and simulations validate the findings, with a case study conducted in Wadi El-Gemal national park in Egypt. The results demonstrate the achievement of reliable communication at various spreading factors and suggest trade-offs between throughput, power consumption, and data freshness using different transmission models.
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Somayeh Aghashahi, Zolfa Zeinalpour-Yazdi, Aliakbar Tadaion, Mahdi Boloursaz Mashhadi, Ahmed Elzanaty
Summary: In this study, the authors investigate the problem of maximizing the signal-to-interference-plus-noise-ratio (SINR) in a multi-user massive MIMO system enabled with multiple reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RISs). Two zero-forcing (ZF) beamforming approaches, namely BS-UE-ZF and BS-RIS-ZF, are examined for interference management. The authors solve the SINR maximization problem for each approach and evaluate the asymptotic expressions for optimal phase shifts and maximum SINRs. The results show that random phase shifts achieve the maximum SINR using the BS-UE-ZF approach when the channels of the RIS elements are independent and the number of base station antennas tends to infinity. Simulation results also demonstrate that the asymptotic expressions for phase shifts and maximum SINRs achieve the rate obtained by the optimal phase shifts even for a small number of base station antennas.
IEEE WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONS LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Athira Subhash, Abla Kammoun, Ahmed Elzanaty, Sheetal Kalyani, Yazan H. Al-Badarneh, Mohamed-Slim Alouini
Summary: Smart radio environments using reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RIS) have attracted significant research interest. We propose a joint optimization strategy for beamforming, RIS phases, and power allocation to maximize the minimum signal-to-noise ratio (SINR) in an uplink RIS-aided communication system. Our algorithms provide practical solutions for systems with constraints on electromagnetic field exposure, achieving substantial gains in minimum SINR compared to random RIS phase schemes.
IEEE WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONS LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Athira Subhash, Abla Kammoun, Ahmed Elzanaty, Sheetal Kalyani, Yazan H. Al-Badarneh, Mohamed-Slim Alouini
Summary: Reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RIS) are crucial in next-generation communication systems, but designing the RIS phases based on instantaneous channel state information (CSI) is challenging due to short coherent time of the channel. Therefore, we propose a novel algorithm that optimizes beamforming at the base station (BS), power allocation of users, and phase shifts at RIS elements based on channel statistics in massive multiple input multiple output systems to maximize the minimum signal-to-interference and noise ratio (SINR) for fair operation among users. By leveraging the asymptotic deterministic equivalent of the minimum SINR that depends only on channel statistics, the proposed algorithm significantly reduces computational complexity and controlling data between BS and RIS for phase updates. This setup is also beneficial for EMF-aware systems with constraints on user exposure to EMF. Numerical results demonstrate over 100% gain in minimum SINR compared to a system with random RIS phase shifts when considering 40 RIS elements, 20 BS antennas, and 10 users.
IEEE JOURNAL ON SELECTED AREAS IN COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Lin Chen, Ahmed Elzanaty, Mustafa A. Kishk, Luca Chiaraviglio, Mohamed-Slim Alouini
Summary: This research analyzes the impact of increasing the number of base stations in 5G networks on network capacity and data rates. Concerns about increased electromagnetic field exposure are addressed by studying mathematical models and using tools from stochastic geometry. The study shows that by adjusting the density of base stations and their minimum distance from restricted areas, it is possible to balance network coverage performance and EMF exposure while complying with the regulations.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Ganghui Lin, Ahmed Elzanaty, Mohamed-Slim Alouini
Summary: This article comprehensively analyzes LB modulation from temporal, spectral, and error performance characteristics. The analysis shows that out-of-band emissions for LB satisfy regulations only when considering a relatively large number of loads. The ML decoder can achieve performance similar to conventional LoRa with a moderate number of loads.
IEEE INTERNET OF THINGS JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Matteo Nerini, Elia Favarelli, Marco Chiani
Summary: Motion sensors in mobile devices can be accessed by any application or website without security permissions, allowing for the identification of PIN numbers typed by the user. The study uses an event-driven approach to reduce data sniffing, training a supervised machine learning algorithm to classify keystrokes. Numerical results show the feasibility of motion sensor-based PIN cyber-attacks, with high accuracy rates even for 4-digit PIN numbers.
Proceedings Paper
Computer Science, Information Systems
Omar Rinchi, Ahmed Elzanaty, Ahmad Alsharoa
Summary: This paper proposes an uplink localization scheme for user equipment located in the near-field of a reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) using the atomic norm minimization method. The results show that the proposed method outperforms compressed sensing in terms of localization accuracy.
2022 IEEE GLOBAL COMMUNICATIONS CONFERENCE (GLOBECOM 2022)
(2022)
