Article
Immunology
Yang Heng, Xiaoming Zhang, Malte Borggrewe, Hilmar R. J. van Weering, Maaike L. Brummer, Tjalling W. Nijboer, Leo A. B. Joosten, Mihai G. Netea, Erik W. G. M. Boddeke, Jon D. Laman, Bart J. L. Eggen
Summary: This study demonstrated that preconditioning with both BG and LPS induced immune training of microglia at two days after the first challenge. However, with a 7-day interval between the first and second challenge, LPS-preconditioning resulted in immune tolerance in microglia.
JOURNAL OF NEUROINFLAMMATION
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Trim Lajqi, Maylis Braun, Simon Alexander Kranig, David Frommhold, Johannes Poschl, Hannes Hudalla
Summary: Studies have shown that neutrophils can exhibit trained immunity and tolerance. Through in vivo and in vitro experiments, researchers found that different doses of lipopolysaccharide can lead to varying effects, potentially related to inflammatory responses.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Cheng Zhao, Zhuo Chen, Xu Lu, Wenfeng Hu, Rongrong Yang, Qun Lu, Bingran Chen, Chao Huang
Summary: The decline of microglia in the hippocampus has been linked to the development of depression, and the reversal of this decline shows antidepressant effects. Beta-glucan, a polysaccharide, has beneficial effects on the nervous system and may correct the functional deficiency of microglia. In animal studies, beta-glucan administration reversed depression-like behaviors induced by chronic stress and its effects were mediated by microglia stimulation.
NEUROCHEMICAL RESEARCH
(2023)
Review
Cell Biology
Rena Kono, Yuji Ikegaya, Ryuta Koyama
Summary: Microglia and astrocytes are important phagocytic cells in the brain, responsible for maintaining brain homeostasis by engulfing various materials. While they have different phagocytic abilities, both cell types play crucial roles in clearance processes.
Article
Cell Biology
Jianing Wang, Xiaoying Qin, Hao Sun, Meijun He, Qunyu Lv, Congcong Gao, Xinran He, Hong Liao
Summary: The study shows that NgR plays a crucial role in microglial clearance of Aβ, with increased NgR expression in aged microglia leading to decreased Aβ phagocytosis. Knockdown of NgR reduces amyloid burden and improves cognitive function in an AD mouse model. Moreover, NgR activation inhibits CD36 gene expression through Smad2/3 signaling, thereby reducing microglial Aβ uptake.
Article
Immunology
Lili Zheng, Junqiu Jia, Yan Chen, Renyuan Liu, Runjing Cao, Manlin Duan, Meijuan Zhang, Yun Xu
Summary: The study demonstrated the therapeutic potential of PTX in VAD, alleviating ischemic white matter injury through modulating Mertk-mediated myelin clearance in microglia.
JOURNAL OF NEUROINFLAMMATION
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yazhuo Zhang, Xinning Liu, Jun Zhao, Jie Wang, Qiaoling Song, Chenyang Zhao
Summary: In this review, we summarize the physicochemical properties and specific processes involved in 13-glucan induced phagocytosis, as well as the cascade events triggered by 13-glucan at the cellular and molecular levels.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Wen-yu Ma, Qing-lin Wu, Sha-sha Wang, Hong-yun Wang, Jun-rui Ye, Hong-shuo Sun, Zhong-ping Feng, Wen-bin He, Shi-feng Chu, Zhao Zhang, Nai-hong Chen
Summary: Ischemic stroke is associated with reactive microglia, but their exact role in stroke pathology is unknown. In this study, we demonstrated that chemokine like factor 1 (CKLF1) induces acute microglial inflammation and metabolic reprogramming. This reprogramming is mediated by the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK)-mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR)-hypoxia inducible factor 1 alpha (HIF-1 alpha) signaling pathway. The loss of CKLF1 reverses the immunodeficiency of microglia, mitigating the long-term outcomes of ischemic stroke.
JOURNAL OF NEUROINFLAMMATION
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Philip Regan, Katriona L. Hole, Julia Sero, Robert J. Williams
Summary: Microglia play a crucial role in late-onset Alzheimer's disease, and flavanol 3-ols have the potential to modulate microglial responsiveness and be used therapeutically.
MOLECULAR NEUROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Jie Lu, Zhenning Wang, Zhenqiang He, Yang Hu, Hao Duan, Zihao Liu, Depei Li, Sheng Zhong, Jiaoyan Ren, Guojun Zhao, Yonggao Mou, Maojin Yao
Summary: Our study proved the anti-glioma effect of Aβ, and microglia could serve as a cellular target for treating glioma with OAβ 42.
CNS NEUROSCIENCE & THERAPEUTICS
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Xianwei Wang, Lu Liu, Xiaohua Jiang, Jason Saredy, Hang Xi, Ramon Cueto, Danni Sigler, Mohsin Khan, Sheng Wu, Yong Ji, Nathaniel W. Snyder, Wenhui Hu, Xiaofeng Yang, Hong Wang
Summary: This study investigated the effect of hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy) on the phagocytosis of amyloid beta (A beta) by microglia (MG) in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Transcriptome analysis revealed that HHcy suppressed A beta phagocytosis by MG and identified key genes involved in this process.
ALZHEIMERS RESEARCH & THERAPY
(2023)
Review
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Jifei Miao, Haixia Ma, Yang Yang, Yuanpin Liao, Cui Lin, Juanxia Zheng, Muli Yu, Jiao Lan
Summary: This review summarizes the crucial role of microglia in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD), including genetic determinants, phenotypic state, phagocytic capacity, neuroinflammatory response, and impact on synaptic plasticity and neuronal regulation. Furthermore, it discusses recent developments in drug discovery targeting microglia in AD, highlighting potential avenues for therapeutic intervention. This review emphasizes the essential role of microglia in AD and provides insights into potential treatments.
FRONTIERS IN AGING NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Pablo Izquierdo, Hiroko Shiina, Chanawee Hirunpattarasilp, Grace Gillis, David Attwell
Summary: Microglia are immune cells in the central nervous system responsible for phagocytosing redundant synapses and debris. The THIK-1 K+ channels play a crucial role in regulating microglial phagocytosis and synaptic pruning. Changes in THIK-1 expression levels may impact neural circuit function.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Marco De Zuani, Chiara Dal Secco, Silvia Tonon, Alessandra Arzese, Carlo E. M. Pucillo, Barbara Frossi
Summary: Mast cells are important innate immune cells that can sense and respond to different stimuli. Studies have shown that mast cells can develop immunological memory, and their responses can be shaped by different stimulatory environments.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Meng Liy Pan, Nur Nabilah Ahmad Puzi, Yin Yin Ooi, Rajesh Ramasamy, Sharmili Vidyadaran
Summary: The latest research shows that microglia phenotype is not limited to the binary states of "resting" and "activated", but exhibits wide diversity. Testing different stimulation protocols for BV2 microglia, we found differences in the response of the cells in terms of intracellular ROS, nitric oxide, CD40 expression, and migratory capacity.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Simon Alexander Kranig, Trim Lajqi, Raphaela Tschada, Maylis Braun, Navina Kuss, Johannes Poeschl, Hannes Hudalla
JOVE-JOURNAL OF VISUALIZED EXPERIMENTS
(2020)
Article
Immunology
Guang-Ping Lang, Bernadin Ndongson-Dongmo, Trim Lajqi, Michael Brodhun, Yingying Han, Reinhard Wetzker, Martin G. Frasch, Reinhard Bauer
JOURNAL OF NEUROINFLAMMATION
(2020)
Review
Immunology
Trim Lajqi, Johannes Poeschl, David Frommhold, Hannes Hudalla
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2020)
Article
Immunology
Trim Lajqi, Milan Stojiljkovic, David L. Williams, Hannes Hudalla, Michael Bauer, Otto W. Witte, Reinhard Wetzker, Reinhard Bauer, Christian Schmeer
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2020)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Raphaela Fitterer, Trim Lajqi, Simon Alexander Kranig, Maylis Braun, Nicole Theissig, Navina Kuss, Johannes Poeschl, David Frommhold, Hannes Hudalla
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2020)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Trim Lajqi, Christian Marx, Hannes Hudalla, Fabienne Haas, Silke Grosse, Zhao-Qi Wang, Regine Heller, Michael Bauer, Reinhard Wetzker, Reinhard Bauer
Summary: Microglia exhibit long-term response changes indicative of innate immune memory, with patterns of trained immunity and immune tolerance after low and high dose challenges with pathogen-associated molecular patterns, respectively. Immunometabolic reprogramming is involved in IIM in a dose-dependent manner via the glycolytic pathway, oxygen consumption and ATP production: ULP increases it, while HP reduces it.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Trim Lajqi, Maylis Braun, Simon Alexander Kranig, David Frommhold, Johannes Poschl, Hannes Hudalla
Summary: Studies have shown that neutrophils can exhibit trained immunity and tolerance. Through in vivo and in vitro experiments, researchers found that different doses of lipopolysaccharide can lead to varying effects, potentially related to inflammatory responses.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Caroline Schmidt, Nadine Schneble-Loehnert, Trim Lajqi, Reinhard Wetzker, Joerg P. Mueller, Reinhard Bauer
Summary: The lipid kinase activity of PI3K gamma is crucial for microglial proliferation and cell viability after acute inflammatory activation, with PI3K gamma-mediated induction of ROS production being a prerequisite for induced microglial proliferation and cell viability.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Trim Lajqi, Natascha Koestlin-Gille, Stefan Hillmer, Maylis Braun, Simon A. Kranig, Stefanie Dietz, Christian Krause, Jessica Ruehle, David Frommhold, Johannes Poeschl, Christian Gille, Hannes Hudalla
Summary: Research has shown that small extracellular vesicles from the gut can mediate adaptive responses in neutrophils in vitro. Low-dose stimulation enhances neutrophils' pro-inflammatory sensitivity and activity, while high-dose stimulation leads to a tolerant phenotype.
Article
Cell Biology
Trim Lajqi, David Frommhold, Christian Gille, Hannes Hudalla
Summary: Innate immune cells have the potential to develop immunological memory through a process called trained immunity. This process is characterized by increased production of inflammatory mediators and changes in cellular functions. We have established a two-hit stimulation protocol in vitro to induce memory-like responses in murine bone marrow neutrophils. This protocol can be used to study the evolving field of memory-like innate immunity. Pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) promote dose-dependent contrasting memory-like responses.
CELLULAR IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Pediatrics
Christiane Schlegel, Kai Liu, Barbel Spring, Stefanie Dietz, Christian F. Poets, Hannes Hudalla, Trim Lajqi, Natascha Koestlin-Gille, Christian Gille
Summary: This study compares the differences between adult and neonatal immune cells under low oxygen partial pressure. It finds that HIF-1 alpha expression, phagocytosis, ROS production, and VEGF secretion are significantly reduced in neonatal immune cells under hypoxic conditions. This may contribute to the decreased responsiveness of neonatal immune cells in the context of infection.
PEDIATRIC RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Julian Schwarz, Jessica Ruehle, Kevin Stephan, Stefanie Dietz, Janina Geissert, Ulrich Schoppmeier, Julia S. Frick, Hannes Hudalla, Trim Lajqi, Christian F. Poets, Christian Gille, Natascha Koestlin-Gille
Summary: The newborn's immune system faces the challenge of fighting off infectious agents and tolerating commensals without excessive inflammation. Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC) play a role in fetal-maternal tolerance and intestinal inflammation regulation in neonates. The role of MDSC in microbiome establishment has not been investigated. In a mouse model, deletion of HIF-1α in myeloid cells resulted in reduced MDSC expansion, altered microbiome composition, and intestinal T-cell homeostasis, suggesting a role of MDSC in inflammation regulation and microbiome establishment during the neonatal period.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jessica Ruehle, Marco Ginzel, Stefanie Dietz, Julian Schwarz, Trim Lajqi, Sandra Beer-Hammer, Christian F. Poets, Christian Gille, Natascha Koestlin-Gille
Summary: Newborns, especially preterm infants, are more susceptible to infections due to their immature immune system. In particular, neonatal neutrophils have an immunomodulatory effect on T-cells. This study investigated the role of neonatal neutrophils in T-cell development in the thymus.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Trim Lajqi, Natascha Koestlin-Gille, Reinhard Bauer, Sotirios G. Zarogiannis, Esra Lajqi, Valdrina Ajeti, Stefanie Dietz, Simon A. Kranig, Jessica Ruehle, Ardian Demaj, Janine Hebel, Maria Bartosova, David Frommhold, Hannes Hudalla, Christian Gille
Summary: For almost a century, memory functions were believed to belong to acquired immune cells. However, recent studies have challenged this paradigm, revealing that innate immune cells also possess memory-like features (known as trained immunity). On the other hand, endotoxin tolerance, a state of immunosuppression in myeloid cells, reduces their inflammatory capacity. Both trained immunity and endotoxin tolerance are accompanied by epigenetic and metabolic changes in cells. Inappropriate induction of these adaptive cues can promote susceptibility to secondary infections or contribute to the progression of inflammatory disorders.
Meeting Abstract
Endocrinology & Metabolism
R. Bauer, G. -P. Lang, B. Ndongson-Dongmo, C. Marx, T. Lajqi, R. Wetzker
JOURNAL OF CEREBRAL BLOOD FLOW AND METABOLISM
(2019)