Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Prashant Singh, Eric J. Alm, John M. Kelley, Vivian Cheng, Mark Smith, Zain Kassam, Judy Nee, Johanna Iturrino, Anthony Lembo
Summary: Fecal microbiota transplantation is an effective strategy to correct microbial dysbiosis in diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome. For patients with IBS-D, FMT with antibiotic pretreatment significantly reduces bacterial engraftment.
Review
Infectious Diseases
Kristien Nel Van Zyl, Siphiwe R. Matukane, Bianca L. Hamman, Andrew C. Whitelaw, Mae Newton-Foot
Summary: Antibiotic use can alter the diversity and composition of the human microbiota. This systematic review found that certain antibiotics can cause long-term dysbiosis in the microbiome. The importance of longitudinal analysis and studies in pediatric populations was highlighted.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Francesco Valeri, Malena dos Santos Guilherme, Fuqian He, Nicolai M. Stoye, Andreas Schwiertz, Kristina Endres
Summary: This study investigated how cecal material from older donors may affect early pathological changes of Alzheimer's disease. While behavioral deficits were not worsened, individual brain regions (prefrontal cortex and dentate gyrus) showed increased plaque load after transfer of material from older animals.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Giovana S. Slanzon, Benjamin J. Ridenhour, Dale A. Moore, William M. Sischo, Lindsay M. Parrish, Sophie C. Trombetta, Craig S. McConnel
Summary: Gastrointestinal disease is the most common illness in pre-weaned dairy calves. This study found that the composition of the fecal microbiome is associated with clinical symptoms of GI disease, as well as the severity and breed specificities of the disease.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Herbert L. DuPont, Jessika Suescun, Zhi-Dong Jiang, Eric L. Brown, Heather T. Essigmann, Ashley S. Alexander, Andrew W. DuPont, Tehseen Iqbal, Netanya S. Utay, Michael Newmark, Mya C. Schiess
Summary: This pilot clinical study investigated the safety and efficacy of fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) in patients with Parkinson's disease. The results showed that FMT treatment increased the diversity of the intestinal microbiome and improved constipation and gut function associated with Parkinson's disease. This suggests that the intestinal microbiome may play a significant role in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease and offers new opportunities for treatment.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Jose Valverde-Molina, Luis Garcia-Marcos
Summary: The importance of the microbiome and the gut-lung axis in the development and persistence of asthma is currently being investigated. The colonization of microbes in the first three years of life, especially the first hundred days, plays a crucial role in determining health. Early microbial dysbiosis caused by factors such as cesarean delivery, artificial lactation, and antibiotic therapy have been associated with the later development of asthma in children.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Howard Junca, Dietmar H. Pieper, Eva Medina
Summary: The human microbiome has been widely studied for its potential clinical interventions, and disruptions in the microbiota have been associated with various pathological conditions. Microbiome transplantation, such as fecal microbiome transplantation, has shown success in treating certain diseases and is being explored in other areas, such as vaginal disorders and skin pathologies.
COMPUTATIONAL AND STRUCTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Bhupinder Kapoor, Monica Gulati, Reena Gupta, Rajeev K. Singla
Summary: Dysregulated immune system, in which self-antigens are not recognized properly, is a common pathogenesis in autoimmune diseases. Environmental factors, such as disturbed gut microbiota, have been found to play a crucial role. Recent studies have shown that dysbiosis of gut microbiota is associated with the development of myasthenia gravis (MG), a rare autoimmune disease of the neuromuscular junction. The modulation of gut microbiota through interventions like probiotics, prebiotics, and fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) is considered a promising approach for the management of MG.
AUTOIMMUNITY REVIEWS
(2023)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Connie A. Rojas, Zhandra Entrolezo, Jessica K. Jarett, Guillaume Jospin, Dawn D. Kingsbury, Alex Martin, Jonathan A. Eisen, Holly H. Ganz
Summary: The study investigates the effects of fecal microbiota transplants (FMTs) on the intestinal microbial communities of domestic cats. 46 cats experiencing chronic digestive issues were given FMTs. Analysis shows changes in the composition of the fecal microbiome in all cats. The study highlights the importance of clinical signs and diet on microbiome responses to FMTs.
VETERINARY SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Ome Kalsoom Afridi, Johar Ali, Jeong Ho Chang
Summary: This study aimed to characterize the fecal microbiome and resistomes of healthy and diseased subjects infected with multidrug-resistant Escherichia coli using next-generation sequencing (NGS). The results showed that diseased subjects had a higher abundance of antibiotic-resistant genes and a prevalence of Proteobacteria, indicating the excessive usage of antibiotics in Pakistan and the need for immediate attention to regulate the use of antimicrobials.
Review
Microbiology
Xianzhuo Zhang, Xufei Luo, Liang Tian, Ping Yue, Mengyao Li, Kefeng Liu, Daoming Zhu, Chongfei Huang, Qianling Shi, Liping Yang, Zhili Xia, Jinyu Zhao, Zelong Ma, Jianlong Li, Joseph W. Leung, Yanyan Lin, Jinqiu Yuan, Wenbo Meng, Xun Li, Yaolong Chen
Summary: This study summarized the associations between gut microbiome dysbiosis and various diseases, and conducted an umbrella review to determine the efficacy and safety of fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) in treating these diseases. The research found that FMT was effective for recurrent Clostridium difficile infection (rCDI) with a high cure rate, and had moderate to high quality evidence for ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease, but low to very low quality evidence for other diseases.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Yiqi Fan, Qing Su, Junxiao Chen, Yong Wang, Shuai He
Summary: This study evaluated the relationship between gut microbiome (GM) and glioma and found that an imbalance in GM promotes glioma growth, while a balanced GM can delay glioma development. In particular, an increased abundance of Bacteroidia is associated with accelerated glioma progression.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Respiratory System
C. E. Pope, A. T. Vo, H. S. Hayden, E. J. Weiss, S. Durfey, S. McNamara, A. Ratjen, B. Grogan, S. Carter, L. Nay, M. R. Parsek, P. K. Singh, E. F. McKone, M. L. Aitken, M. R. Rosenfeld, L. R. Hoffman
Summary: Studies have shown that CF patients with pancreatic insufficiency have fecal dysbiosis. The causes of these dysbiosis are multifactorial, with important factors being antibiotic exposure, dietary intake, and CF gastrointestinal tract dysfunction. Initiating CFTR modulator treatments may lead to changes in fecal measures of malabsorption and fecal microbiomes, but further validation in larger studies is needed.
JOURNAL OF CYSTIC FIBROSIS
(2021)
Review
Pediatrics
S. Prescott, C. Dreisbach, K. Baumgartel, R. Koerner, A. Gyamfi, M. Canellas, A. St. Fleur, W. A. Henderson, G. Trinchieri
Summary: Studies suggest that antibiotic use during pregnancy may lead to dysbiosis in infants, increasing the risk of obesity, allergies, autoimmunity, and chronic diseases in adulthood. Intravenous antibiotics can alter the normal colonization process of newborn microbial community, particularly by decreasing Bacteroidetes and increasing Proteobacteria. Cesarean section and formula feeding can exacerbate and prolong this effect.
FRONTIERS IN PEDIATRICS
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Diana Luise, Mathilde Le Sciellour, Arnaud Buchet, Remi Resmond, Charlene Clement, Marie-Noelle Rossignol, Deborah Jardet, Olivier Zemb, Catherine Belloc, Elodie Merlot
Summary: This study investigates the fecal microbiota of piglets in different living environments during the weaning transition and identifies characteristics associated with good growth of piglets after weaning. The study reveals the impact of rearing environment on microbial composition and development, as well as the presence of ubiquitous enterotypes among different farms reflecting maturational stages of microbiota.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Katariina M. M. Parnanen, Jenni Hultman, Melina Markkanen, Reetta Satokari, Samuli Rautava, Regina Lamendella, Justin Wright, Christopher J. McLimans, Shannon L. Kelleher, Marko P. Virta
Summary: The study found that early exposure to formula is correlated with a higher neonatal ARG burden, suggesting that feeding mode should be considered by clinicians to minimize the proliferation of antibiotic-resistant gut bacteria in infants, in addition to antibiotic use during the first months of life.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION
(2022)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Kaisa Hiippala, Imran Khan, Aki Ronkainen, Fredrik Boulund, Helena Vaha-Makila, Maiju Suutarinen, Maike Seifert, Lars Engstrand, Reetta Satokari
Summary: We isolated a novel strain E10-96H of Pseudoruminococcus massiliensis, a strictly anaerobic species, from a healthy fecal donor. The whole genome sequence of E10-96H showed high similarity with the type strain and revealed its potential role in fiber degradation, cross-feeding of other species, and butyrate production in the intestinal ecosystem. E10-96H exhibited commensal behavior with the host epithelium, adhered to enterocytes without provoking a proinflammatory response. Further studies are needed to explore the role of P. massiliensis in intestinal ecology.
Article
Microbiology
Cecile El-Chami, Rawshan Choudhury, Walaa Mohammedsaeed, Andrew J. McBain, Veera Kainulainen, Sarah Lebeer, Reetta Satokari, Catherine A. O'Neill
Summary: The lysates of Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus GG inhibit the growth of Staphylococcus aureus and protect human keratinocytes from infection through competitive exclusion and displacement mechanism. It is found that SpaC protein and specific moonlighting proteins play key roles in inhibiting bacterial adhesion and protecting keratinocyte viability.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Veera Kainulainen, Carina Von Schantz-Fant, Ruusu-Maria Kovanen, Swapnil Potdar, Karoliina Laamanen, Jani Saarela, Reetta Satokari
Summary: In this study, a high-throughput screening assay was developed to explore the binding receptors of intestinal epithelial cells for Bifidobacterium bifidum. Four cell surface proteins, SERPINB3, LGICZ1, PKD1, and PAQR6, were identified as potential receptors. Blocking these host cell proteins significantly decreased the binding of B. bifidum to the intestinal cell lines. These proteins are involved in the regulation of cellular processes related to proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, inflammation, and immunity, providing insights into the mechanisms of B. bifidum-host interactions and its regulation of intestinal homeostasis.
NPJ BIOFILMS AND MICROBIOMES
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Dorothee Obach, Anna Solastie, Oona Liedes, Saimi Vara, Eva Krzyzewska-Dudek, Luise Brinkmann, Anu Haveri, Charlotte C. Hammer, Timothee Dub, Seppo Meri, Tobias L. Freitag, Outi Lyytikainen, Merit Melin
Summary: The study investigated COVID-19 outbreaks in two long-term care facilities (LTCF), finding that vaccinated residents, particularly elderly individuals, remain susceptible to breakthrough infections caused by the Alpha and Beta variants of the virus.
IMMUNITY INFLAMMATION AND DISEASE
(2022)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Jonna Jalanka, David Gunn, Gulzar Singh, Shanthi Krishnasamy, Melanie Lingaya, Fiona Crispie, Laura Finnegan, Paul Cotter, Louise James, Adam Nowak, Giles Major, Robin C. Spiller
Summary: This study investigated the changes in intestinal microbiota following gastroenteritis caused by a single bacterium. The results showed that patients with persistent bowel dysfunction had lower diversity and altered composition of the microbiota compared to those who recovered. The initial infection had a greater impact on the microbiota of patients with persistent bowel dysfunction. High fiber diets may help alleviate some of the disturbances associated with persistent bowel dysfunction.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Alessandra Pino, Amanda Vaccalluzzo, Cinzia Caggia, Silvia Balzaretti, Luca Vanella, Valeria Sorrenti, Aki Ronkainen, Reetta Satokari, Cinzia Lucia Randazzo
Summary: This study evaluated the in vitro probiotic potential of Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus CA15 (DSM 33960) strain. The strain exhibited antagonistic activity against vaginal pathogens, as well as adhesion capacity to vaginal and intestinal cell lines. It also showed antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities, and was able to survive during gastrointestinal transit, suggesting its potential for oral delivery.
Article
Immunology
Ayman Khattab, Mikel Rezola, Marta Barroso, Mikael Kyrklund, Tero Pihlajamaa, Tobias L. Freitag, Geert-Jan van Gemert, Teun Bousema, Perttu Permi, Ossi Turunen, Robert Sauerwein, Adrian J. F. Luty, Seppo Meri
Summary: The complement C4b-binding protein (C4bp) is hijacked by the sporozoite stage of the Plasmodium falciparum parasite to inhibit complement activation. The N-terminal domain (NTD) of the parasite's circumsporozoite protein (CSP) binds to C4bp, and preventing this binding affects the sporozoite's motility.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Tobias L. Freitag, Riku Fagerlund, Nihay Laham Karam, Veli-Matti Leppanen, Hasan Ugurlu, Ravi Kant, Petri Makinen, Ahmed Tawfek, Sawan Kumar Jha, Tomas Strandin, Katarzyna Leskinen, Jussi Hepojoki, Tapio Kesti, Lauri Kareinen, Suvi Kuivanen, Emma Koivulehto, Aino Sormunen, Svetlana Laidinen, Ayman Khattab, Paivi Saavalainen, Seppo Meri, Anja Kipar, Tarja Sironen, Olli Vapalahti, Kari Alitalo, Seppo Yla-Herttuala, Kalle Saksela
Summary: Intranasal administration of adenoviral vector vaccines can induce mucosal immunity and protect mice from SARS-CoV-2 infection, supporting the potential of this approach for preventing transmission of the virus.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Perttu Lahtinen, Jonna Jalanka, Eero Mattila, Jyrki Tillonen, Paula Bergman, Reetta Satokari, Perttu Arkkila
Summary: This study investigated the efficacy of fecal microbial transplantation (FMT) in maintaining remission in patients with ulcerative colitis (UC). The results showed that there was no difference in the number of relapses between the FMT group and the placebo group during the 12-month follow-up. Therefore, the use of a single-dose FMT for maintaining remission in UC is not supported by these results.
WORLD JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Cecilia Sahl, Maria Baumgarten, Oonagh Shannon, Lisa I. Pahlman
Summary: Achromobacter is a genus of Gram-negative rods that can cause persistent airway infections in people with cystic fibrosis. This study compared the phenotypes and proinflammatory properties of different Achromobacter species using in vitro models, and found that all Achromobacter species induce significant IL-6 and IL-8 secretion from CF lung epithelium, and activate neutrophils and monocytes in a lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-independent manner. The results suggest that Achromobacter species are important airway pathogens in CF.
MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Berta Bosch, Saliha Moutaharrik, Andrea Gazzaniga, Kaisa Hiippala, Helder A. Santos, Alessandra Maroni, Reetta Satokari
Summary: The O. splanchnicus 57 strain was successfully formulated for oral colonic release, showing anti-inflammatory properties, which could be used in the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICS AND BIOPHARMACEUTICS
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Aki Ronkainen, Imran Khan, Eva Krzyzewska-Dudek, Kaisa Hiippala, Tobias L. Freitag, Reetta Satokari
Summary: Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) is commonly used to treat recurrent Clostridioides difficile infection (rCDI) and is being investigated for the treatment of other gut microbiota-related conditions. This study found that selected Bifidobacterium strains from FMT donors, such as DX_pv23, have the potential to colonize the recipient's gut and restore antibiotic-disturbed microbiota. The study also revealed that DX_pv23 expressed genes related to adherence and pilus formation, which may contribute to its therapeutic effects.
Article
Respiratory System
Martin Taubel, Jonna Jalanka, Pirkka V. Kirjavainen, Pauli Tuoresmaki, Anne Hyvarinen, Chrysanthi Skevaki, Eija Piippo-Savolainen, Juha Pekkanen, Anne M. Karvonen
Summary: The composition of house dust mycobiota is associated with the development of childhood asthma, but not with fungal diversity or load. Certain fungal genera showed protective associations with asthma, but these associations were not significant after adjusting for other microbial markers and bacterial indices.
ANNALS OF THE AMERICAN THORACIC SOCIETY
(2023)
Letter
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Gianluca Ianiro, Benjamin H. Mullish, Christian Lodberg Hvas, Jonathan P. Segal, Ed J. Kuijper, Samuel P. Costello, Colleen R. Kelly, Jessica R. Allegretti, Monika Fischer, Tariq H. Iqbal, Reetta Satokari, Dina Kao, Joffrey van Prehn, Siew C. Ng, Stefano Bibbo, Simon Mark Dahl Baunwall, Mohammed N. Quraishi, Harry Sokol, Faming Zhang, Josbert Keller, Luca Masucci, Gianluca Quaranta, Zain Kassam, Maurizio Sanguinetti, Herbert Tilg, Antonio Gasbarrini, Giovanni Cammarota
LANCET GASTROENTEROLOGY & HEPATOLOGY
(2021)