Review
Hematology
Robert Zeiser, Yi-Bin Chen, Nader N. Youssef, Francis Ayuk
Summary: Acute graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD) is a severe complication after allogeneic haematopoietic cell transplantation, with gastrointestinal (GI) tract involvement (GI aGVHD) being a major cause of morbidity and mortality. Despite systemic steroids being the standard treatment for aGVHD, around 50% of patients do not respond to steroids, leading to poor outcomes. This review discusses the role of glucagon-like peptide 2 (GLP-2) in protecting and maintaining GI epithelial cells, as well as the potential use of the GLP-2 analogue apraglutide as an adjunctive treatment for GI aGVHD.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF HAEMATOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Oncology
Dandan Lin, Bo Hu, Pengfei Li, Ye Zhao, Yang Xu, Depei Wu
Summary: The intestinal microbiota plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of acute GVHD, with dysbiosis associated with poor prognosis. Intervention strategies targeting the microbiota, such as antibiotics, prebiotics, probiotics, postbiotics, and fecal microbiota transplantation, are potential new treatment options for acute GVHD.
EXPERIMENTAL HEMATOLOGY & ONCOLOGY
(2021)
Letter
Oncology
Yin Liu, Ye Zhao, Jiaqian Qi, Xiao Ma, Xiaofei Qi, Depei Wu, Yang Xu
Summary: The combination of FMT and ruxolitinib has shown promising results in the treatment of intestinal steroid-refractory acute graft-versus-host disease (SR-aGVHD) after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT).
EXPERIMENTAL HEMATOLOGY & ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Wolfgang Roll, Philipp Schindler, Max Masthoff, Rebecca Strotmann, Joern Albring, Christian Reicherts, Matthias Weckesser, Benjamin Noto, Matthias Stelljes, Michael Schaefers, Georg Evers
Summary: The combined use of F-18-FDG-PET-MRI was found to be highly reliable for assessing acute intestinal GvHD and providing information on clinical severity. The number of affected segments and metabolic volume in PET-MRI correlated significantly with clinical stage, indicating its potential for clinical application in managing GvHD.
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Jiaying Wen, Shengwei Chen, Minglong Bao, Canying Hu, Lianyun Wu, Yanhong Yong, Xiaoxi Liu, Youquan Li, Zhichao Yu, Xingbin Ma, Jong-Bang Eun, Jae-Han Shim, Mohamad Warda, A. M. Abd, Xianghong Ju
Summary: This study investigated the mechanism of intestinal transport of COS and identified Slc9a1 as a critical molecule involved in this process. The findings provide valuable insights for improving the absorption efficiency of COS as a drug adjuvant.
CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Carina Matos, Andreas Mamilos, Pranali N. Shah, Elisabeth Meedt, Daniela Weber, Saroj Ghimire, Andreas Hiergeist, Andre Gessner, Anne Dickinson, Ralf Dressel, Lutz Walter, Klaus Stark, Iris M. Heid, Hendrik Poeck, Matthias Edinger, Daniel Wolff, Wolfgang Herr, Ernst Holler, Marina Kreutz, Sakhila Ghimire
Summary: This study demonstrates the downregulation of vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene expression in patients with severe acute gastrointestinal graft versus host disease (GI-GvHD) after allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). The reduced VDR expression is associated with higher treatment-related mortality and may play an essential role in the pathogenesis of gut GvHD and the prognosis of patients undergoing HSCT.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Jackson L. K. Yip, Gayathri K. Balasuriya, Sarah J. Spencer, Elisa L. Hill-Yardin
Summary: Intestinal macrophages play a crucial role in the gut immune system and gastrointestinal physiology, but their heterogeneity hinders the understanding of their specific functions; subsets of intestinal macrophages play diverse roles in various gastrointestinal diseases, with a complex interplay between cytokine production and enteric nervous system activation.
CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR GASTROENTEROLOGY AND HEPATOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Fisheries
Michal Stosik, Beata Tokarz-Deptula, Wieslaw Deptula
Summary: The paper discusses the issue of intestinal mucosa immunity in teleost fish. The organization and functional properties of the elements that determine this immunity are reviewed according to current data. The knowledge of intestinal mucosal immunity in teleost fish has great potential for practical applications in the field of epidemiological safety.
FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Antonia-Maria Pausch, Sylvia Kammerer, Florian Weber, Wolfgang Herr, Christian Stroszczynski, Ernst Holler, Matthias Edinger, Daniel Wolff, Daniela Weber, Ernst-Michael Jung, Tobias Wertheimer
Summary: Parametric imaging of the intestine using CEUS was shown to be a technically feasible and potentially valuable diagnostic tool for the rapid and accessible detection of acute GI GvHD, especially for inexperienced examiners.
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Tim Vanuytsel, Jan Tack, Ricard Farre
Summary: Intestinal permeability plays a crucial role in various gastrointestinal and non-gastrointestinal disorders, with evidence showing its importance in conditions like celiac disease and inflammatory bowel disease. While ex vivo techniques remain the gold standard for assessing epithelial barrier function, in vivo techniques, despite their limitations, are widely used in research and clinical practice.
FRONTIERS IN NUTRITION
(2021)
Review
Immunology
Allen Cheng-Wei Li, Chen Dong, Soon-Tzeh Tay, Ashwin Ananthakrishnan, Kevin Sheng-Kai Ma
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of vedolizumab for GI-aGVHD. The results showed that vedolizumab treatment significantly improved the overall response rate, complete response rate, and survival rate of patients with GI-aGVHD. Prophylactic use of vedolizumab did not have specific adverse events, but patients with GI-aGVHD on vedolizumab had an increased risk of infections and impaired metabolism or nutritional complications during treatment.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Ci Han, Nana Guo, Yue Bu, Yahui Peng, Xueting Li, Xiaohui Ma, Mengyuan Yang, Xiaonan Jia, Jin Zhang, Xiaowei Liu, Kaijiang Yu, Changsong Wang
Summary: The use of antibiotics in sepsis mice resulted in alterations in the intestinal microbiota and metabolites, which may be associated with the severity of acute gastrointestinal injury in the mice. Inhibiting Desulfovibrio in the intestine and using Benzoic acid and 4-Hydroxybenzoic acid as markers for the production of Desulfovibrio could potentially reduce inflammatory responses in acute gastrointestinal injury in sepsis.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Steven Levitte, Abantika Ganguly, Sophie Frolik, Alix A. Guevara-Tique, Shaini Patel, Ann Tadas, Orly Klein, David Shyr, Rajni Agarwal-Hashmi, Lynn Beach, Elizabeth Callard, Katja Weinacht, Alice Bertaina, Avnesh S. Thakor
Summary: Graft versus host disease (GVHD) is a serious complication in pediatric stem cell transplant patients. Corticosteroids are the main treatment, but their long-term use can cause complications. Intraarterial steroid administration has been successfully used in children with GVHD, improving symptoms and liver function. This approach may be considered as a rescue or bridge therapy for children with acute GVHD.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Immunology
Gerard Socie, David Michonneau
Summary: This article reviews important publications on GVHD from a historical perspective and discusses the progress in the field. Despite the inherent bias in the selection, it provides significant insights into the pathophysiology of GVHD.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Gefen Aldouby Bier, Irina Zaidman, Yael Dinur Schejter, Adeeb NaserEddin, Polina Stepensky, Ehud Even-Or
Summary: Vedolizumab is an effective treatment option for pediatric patients with lower gastrointestinal acute graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD). It shows promise in treating steroid-refractory disease, but caution is needed due to the risk of infections.
PEDIATRIC BLOOD & CANCER
(2023)
Article
Hematology
Feiyan Mo, Norihiro Watanabe, Kayleigh I. Omdahl, Phillip M. Burkhardt, Xiaoyun Ding, Eiko Hayase, Angela Panoskaltsis-Mortari, Robert R. Jenq, Helen E. Heslop, Leslie S. Kean, Malcolm K. Brenner, Victor Tkachev, Maksim Mamonkin
Summary: OX40 plays a central role in aGVHD by regulating activation and expansion of T cells. Researchers have developed a specific OX40 cytotoxic receptor that selectively eliminates OX40-positive T cells, reducing the occurrence of aGVHD. Furthermore, combining OX40 targeting with leukemia-specific chimeric antigen receptor provides simultaneous protection against leukemia and aGVHD in post-transplant residual disease.
Article
Oncology
Roni Shouval, Nicholas R. Waters, Antonio L. C. Gomes, Corrado Zuanelli Brambilla, Teng Fei, Sean M. Devlin, Chi L. Nguyen, Kate A. Markey, Anqi Dai, John B. Slingerland, Annelie G. Clurman, Emily Fontana, Luigi A. Amoretti, Roberta J. Wright, Tobias M. Hohl, Ying Taur, Anthony D. Sung, Daniela Weber, Daigo Hashimoto, Takanori Teshima, Nelson J. Chao, Ernst Holler, Michael Scordo, Sergio A. Giralt, Miguel-Angel Perales, Jonathan U. Peled, Marcel R. M. van den Brink
Summary: We investigated the relationship between gut microbiota disruption and preparative conditioning regimens in allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (allo-HCT) recipients. Our findings suggest that high-intensity conditioning regimens are associated with the most severe microbiota injury, while non-myeloablative regimens are associated with mild injury. Pretransplant microbial compositions are best preserved with certain conditioning regimens, while others result in loss of commensal bacteria and expansion of Enterococcus.
CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH
(2023)
Letter
Hematology
Saurabh Chhabra, Aniko Szabo, Annelie Clurman, Katelyn McShane, Nicholas Waters, Daniel Eastwood, Lisa Samanas, Teng Fei, Gabriel Armijo, Sameen Abedin, Walter Longo, Parameswara Hari, Mehdi Hamadani, Nirav N. Shah, Lyndsey Runaas, James H. Jerkins, Marcel van den Brink, Jonathan U. Peled, William R. Drobyski
Article
Hematology
Doris M. Ponce, Amin M. Alousi, Ryotaro Nakamura, John Slingerland, Marco Calafiore, Karamjeet S. Sandhu, Juliet N. Barker, Sean Devlin, Jinru Shia, Sergio Giralt, Miguel-Angel Perales, Gillian Moore, Samira Fatmi, Cristina Soto, Antonio Gomes, Paul Giardina, LeeAnn Marcello, Xiaoqiang Yan, Tom Tang, Kevin Dreyer, Jianmin Chen, William L. Daley, Jonathan U. Peled, Marcel R. M. van den Brink, Alan M. Hanash
Summary: This study evaluated the safety and efficacy of a novel recombinant human interleukin-22 dimer, F-652, in combination with systemic corticosteroids for treatment of newly diagnosed lower gastrointestinal acute GVHD. The results showed that 70% of patients achieved a satisfactory treatment response, demonstrating the potential effect of this combination therapy for improving GVHD-associated dysbiosis.
Letter
Immunology
Armin Rashidi, Jonathan U. Peled, Christopher Staley
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Keisuke Seike, Anders Kiledal, Hideaki Fujiwara, Israel Henig, Marina Burgos da Silva, Marcel R. M. van den Brink, Robert Hein, Matthew Hoostal, Chen Liu, Katherine Oravecz-Wilson, Emma Lauder, Lu Li, Yaping Sun, Thomas M. Schmidt, Yatrik M. Shah, Robert R. Jenq, Gregory Dick, Pavan Reddy
Summary: This study found that the severity of T cell-mediated gastrointestinal diseases such as GVHD and inflammatory bowel diseases is related to a decrease in the diversity of the gut microbiome. The initiation of intestinal damage by pathogenic T cells alters the oxygen levels in the GI tract and leads to dysbiosis. Regulation of intestinal oxygen levels through oral iron chelation can mitigate dysbiosis and reduce the severity of GI GVHD. Therefore, targeting ambient intestinal oxygen levels may be a novel strategy to mitigate T cell-driven intestinal diseases.
Review
Immunology
Yinghong Wang, Robert R. Jenq, Jennifer A. Wargo, Stephanie S. Watowich
Summary: The microbiome plays a role in immunotherapy and its associated adverse events. Wang, Jenq, et al. discuss the microbiome's influence on immune-related adverse events (irAEs) by examining bacterial taxa, immune mechanisms, and clinical opportunities for modulating the microbiome to treat irAEs.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Denise Marie A. Francisco, Liangliang Zhang, Ying Jiang, Adilene Olvera, Javier Adachi, Eduardo Yepez Guevara, Samuel L. Aitken, Kevin W. Garey, Christine B. Peterson, Kim-Anh Do, Ryan Dillon, Engels N. Obi, Robert Jenq, Pablo C. Okhuysen
Summary: Prior use of metronidazole and presence of toxin A/B in stools are associated with severe C. difficile infection in cancer patients, while increased abundance of certain microbes is associated with protection.
INFECTIOUS DISEASES AND THERAPY
(2023)
Review
Oncology
Florent Malard, Robert R. Jenq
Summary: Allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (alloHCT) is a standard therapy for hematological diseases. Recent studies have shown that the composition of intestinal microbiota is strongly associated with outcomes such as graft-versus-host disease (GVHD). Modulating the microbiota has the potential to improve clinical outcomes.
Article
Microbiology
Jonas Schluter, Ana Djukovic, Bradford P. Taylor, Jinyuan Yan, Caichen Duan, Grant A. Hussey, Chen Liao, Sneh Sharma, Emily Fontana, Luigi A. Amoretti, Roberta J. Wright, Anqi Dai, Jonathan U. Peled, Ying Taur, Miguel-Angel Perales, Benjamin A. Siranosian, Ami S. Bhatt, Marcel R. M. van den Brink, Eric G. Pamer, Joao B. Xavier
Summary: TaxUMAP is a visualization tool that allows for the display of microbiome states in large clinical datasets. It was used to create a microbiome atlas of 1,870 cancer patients undergoing therapy-induced perturbations. The tool revealed associations between bacterial density, diversity, and antimicrobial resistance genes. It also identified certain species associated with lower risk for bacteremia, validating a competitive interaction. TaxUMAP provides valuable insights into the effects of the microbiome on human health.
CELL HOST & MICROBE
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Stephanie McMahon, Pranoti Sahasrabhojane, Jiwoong Kim, Samantha Franklin, Chia-Chi Chang, Robert R. Jenq, Andrew E. Hillhouse, Samuel A. Shelburne, Jessica Galloway-Pena
Summary: Bloodstream infections pose a significant mortality risk for acute myeloid leukemia patients. This study analyzed oral and stool samples from 63 AML patients with BSIs to determine the correlation between infectious agents and microbiome composition. The results suggest that domination of certain bacteria in the intestine may precede bloodstream infections in these patients.
MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM
(2023)
Article
Hematology
Lily M. Blair, Jamilla Akhund-Zade, Zoe A. Katsamakis, Olivia C. Smibert, Alex E. Wolfe, Paul Giardina, John Slingerland, Sivan Bercovici, Miguel-Angel Perales, Ying Taur, Marcel R. M. van den Brink, Jonathan U. Peled, Kate A. Markey
Summary: We characterized microbial cell-free DNA (mcfDNA) in plasma samples from patients undergoing allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HCT) using next-generation sequencing. The elevation of mcfDNA burden in plasma after transplantation, especially during the early posttransplant neutropenic phase, could be attributed to specific bacterial taxa. Furthermore, the presence of mcfDNA derived from specific microbial taxa was confirmed in matching stool samples.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Chi L. Nguyen, Kate A. Markey, Oriana Miltiadous, Anqi Dai, Nicholas Waters, Keimya Sadeghi, Teng Fei, Roni Shouval, Bradford P. Taylor, Chen Liao, John B. Slingerland, Ann E. Slingerland, Annelie G. Clurman, Molly A. Maloy, Lauren Bohannon, Paul A. Giardina, Daniel G. Brereton, Gabriel K. Armijo, Emily Fontana, Ana Gradissimo, Boglarka Gyurkocza, Anthony D. Sung, Nelson J. Chao, Sean M. Devlin, Ying Taur, Sergio A. Giralt, Miguel-Angel Perales, Joao B. Xavier, Eric G. Pamer, Jonathan U. Peled, Antonio L. C. Gomes, Marcel R. M. van den Brink
Summary: By utilizing the computational method PARADIGM, we identified associations between drug exposures and changes in intestinal microbiota composition, demonstrating that certain non-antibiotic drugs are linked to increased Enterococcus abundance and decreased alpha diversity. Furthermore, the integration of drug-microbiome associations allowed for the prediction of clinical outcomes based solely on drug exposures, providing biologically and clinically relevant insights into the perturbation or preservation of microbiota composition by pharmacological exposures.
Article
Hematology
Yannouck F. van Lier, Thierry Rolling, Gabriel K. Armijo, Bing Zhai, Nienke J. E. Haverkate, Ellen Meijer, Erfan Nur, Bianca Blom, Jonathan U. Peled, Marcel R. M. van den Brink, Tobias M. Hohl, Mette D. Hazenberg, Kate A. Markey
Summary: Disruption of intestinal bacterial microbiota is common in allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) with graft-versus-host disease (GVHD), but the relationship with fungal mycobiota is unknown. Fungal DNA was detected in most samples, but there was no evidence of mycobiota transfer from donor to recipient.
TRANSPLANTATION AND CELLULAR THERAPY
(2023)
Article
Statistics & Probability
Yushu Shi, Liangliang Zhang, Kim-Anh Do, Robert Jenq, Christine B. Peterson
Summary: There is a strong interest in analyzing the variations in the microbiome among cancer patients to determine its importance in treatment outcomes. In this study, a novel unsupervised clustering approach in the Bayesian framework is proposed to identify subgroups of patients with similar microbiome profiles. The approach improves upon existing model-based clustering methods by incorporating feature selection, determining the appropriate number of clusters from the data, and integrating tree structure information. The performance of the proposed method is compared to existing methods using simulated data and applied to a clinical study on pancreatic cancer patients' tumor microbiome.
JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL STATISTICAL SOCIETY SERIES C-APPLIED STATISTICS
(2023)
