Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Nikolaj Bogh, James T. Grist, Camilla W. Rasmussen, Lotte B. Bertelsen, Esben S. S. Hansen, Jakob U. Blicher, Damian J. Tyler, Christoffer Laustsen
Summary: This study investigates the potential effects of radiofrequency saturation pulses on the detection of [C-13]bicarbonate in hyperpolarized [1-C-13]pyruvate MRI of the brain. The results suggest that saturation of [1-C-13]lactate limits the detection of [C-13]bicarbonate in the brain specifically, potentially due to lactate shuttling from astrocytes to neurons. These findings have important implications for experimental design in studies that involve [C-13]bicarbonate detection.
MAGNETIC RESONANCE IN MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Yuan Yao, Jiaming Shi, Chunlai Zhang, Wei Gao, Ning Huang, Yaobei Liu, Weiwen Yan, Yingguang Han, Wenjuan Zhou, Liang Kong
Summary: Hyperglycemia-induced aberrant glucose metabolism is a causative factor of neurodegeneration and cognitive impairment in diabetes mellitus (DM) patients. The pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase (PDK)-lactic acid axis and histone acetylation modification play important roles in the regulation of PDK1 expression under high glucose conditions. Overexpression of PDK1 can protect against hyperglycemia-induced neuronal injury and cognitive impairment in diabetic mice.
CELL DEATH & DISEASE
(2023)
Article
Biology
Emine Can, Jessica A. M. Bastiaansen, Dominique-Laurent Couturier, Rolf Gruetter, Hikari A. Yoshihara, Arnaud Comment
Summary: Can et al. demonstrate the use of hyperpolarized [1-13C]pyruvate and 13C magnetic resonance to directly assess liver enzymatic activities, allowing non-invasive detection of hepatic gluconeogenesis. They found that using two- to three-fold the basal plasma concentration of hyperpolarized [1-C-13]pyruvate enables measurement of liver metabolism. The study also reveals that supraphysiological doses of hyperpolarized [1-C-13]pyruvate can saturate or partially inhibit pyruvate dehydrogenase activity.
COMMUNICATIONS BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Monica Dominguez, Verena Truemper, Ana Carolina Mota, Bernhard Bruene, Dmitry Namgaladze
Summary: ATP-citrate lyase (ACLY) is a key enzyme involved in metabolic and epigenetic gene regulation. This study investigated the impact of ACLY phosphorylation on its function in human myeloid cells and found that phosphorylation at serine 455 does not affect the enzymatic activity of ACLY. Additionally, loss of ACLY activity may trigger long-term adaptive mechanisms that increase inflammatory responses.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biophysics
Minjie Zhu, Aditya Jhajharia, Sonal Josan, Jae Mo Park, Yi-Fen Yen, Adolf Pfefferbaum, Ralph E. Hurd, Daniel M. Spielman, Dirk Mayer
Summary: This study investigated the origin of brain lactate signal after injection of hyperpolarized pyruvate in healthy anesthetized rats. The results suggest that the hyperpolarized metabolites mainly reside in different compartments in the brain and are not transported across the blood-brain barrier from other organs. The study provides further evidence that the transport of hyperpolarized pyruvate across the blood-brain barrier is sufficiently fast to allow its metabolic conversion to lactate within the brain.
NMR IN BIOMEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Nikolaj Bogh, Jeremy W. Gordon, Esben S. S. Hansen, Robert A. Bok, Jakob U. Blicher, Jasmine Y. Hu, Peder E. Z. Larson, Daniel B. Vigneron, Christoffer Laustsen
Summary: This study evaluates the agreement of hyperpolarized MRI between sites and protocols by repeated imaging of the same healthy volunteers. The results show a close agreement between sites and examinations in the conversion of pyruvate to lactate, suggesting the potential for harmonization of protocols and multicenter studies.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Elisabeth Bliemsrieder, Georgios Kaissis, Martin Grashei, Geoffrey Topping, Jennifer Altomonte, Christian Hundshammer, Fabian Lohoefer, Irina Heid, Dominik Keim, Selamawit Gebrekidan, Marija Trajkovic-Arsic, Aline Winkelkotte, Katja Steiger, Roman Nawroth, Jens Siveke, Markus Schwaiger, Marcus Makowski, Franz Schilling, Rickmer Braren
Summary: The in vivo assessment of tissue metabolism is a novel strategy for evaluating oncologic disease, particularly hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The study found that metabolic alterations, especially in glucose metabolism and lactate production, impact survival differences in HCC tumor tissue. In vivo imaging techniques revealed distinct tumor phenotypes corresponding to differences in glycolytic metabolism in HCC tumor tissue.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Brian T. Chung, Yaewon Kim, Jeremy W. Gordon, Hsin-Yu Chen, Adam W. Autry, Philip M. Lee, Jasmine Y. Hu, Chou T. Tan, Chris Suszczynski, Susan M. Chang, Javier E. Villanueva-Meyer, Robert A. Bok, Peder E. Z. Larson, Duan Xu, Yan Li, Daniel B. Vigneron
Summary: This study used hyperpolarized 13C magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to investigate the metabolism of [2-13C]pyruvate in the human brain. By injecting HP [2-13C]pyruvate and using a specialized imaging sequence, the researchers were able to image and quantify the uptake and conversion of pyruvate in the brain, providing new insights into cerebral energy metabolism.
Article
Biophysics
David Shaul, Benjamin Grieb, Gal Sapir, Sivaranjan Uppala, Jacob Sosna, J. Moshe Gomori, Rachel Katz-Brull
Summary: This study developed a model system and noninvasive biomarkers of ischemic brain tissue for potential quick examination in stroke triage. The results suggest that monitoring activities of LDH and PDH using hyperpolarized [1-C-13]pyruvate could serve as an imaging biomarker to characterize changes in the ischemic penumbra.
NMR IN BIOMEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Salvatore Mamone, Anil P. Jagtap, Sergey Korchak, Yonghong Ding, Sonja Sternkopf, Stefan Gloeggler
Summary: Hyperpolarization methods in magnetic resonance enhance signals for real-time investigation of dynamic processes. In this study, a novel pulsed method based on para-hydrogen is proposed to rapidly hyperpolarize C-13-labeled substrates. The method is successfully demonstrated in monitoring metabolic processes in cancer cells.
ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION
(2022)
Review
Immunology
Monica Dominguez, Bernhard Bruene, Dmitry Namgaladze
Summary: Recent studies have shown the profound influence of metabolism on immune responses, particularly through epigenetic regulation of gene expression. ACLY plays a crucial role in the formation of cytosolic acetyl-CoA, supporting de novo lipogenesis and contributing to epigenetic regulation through histone acetylation. Alternative sources of acetyl-CoA also play a role in metabolic and epigenetic regulation in immune cells.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Junjie Ma, Marco C. Pinho, Crystal E. Harrison, Jun Chen, Chenhao Sun, Edward P. Hackett, Jeff Liticker, James Ratnakar, Galen D. Reed, Albert P. Chen, A. Dean Sherry, Craig R. Malloy, Steven M. Wright, Christopher J. Madden, Jae Mo Park
Summary: This study investigated time-resolved C-13 MR spectroscopy as an alternative method to imaging for assessing pyruvate metabolism in the human brain using hyperpolarized [1-C-13]pyruvate. The results showed that the measured metabolic parameters and conversion rate constants were consistent and reproducible, and that the technique could be used as an affordable and reliable alternative to traditional imaging methods for studying cerebral metabolism.
MAGNETIC RESONANCE IN MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Alexandra Svyatova, Vitaly P. Kozinenko, Nikita Chukanov, Dudari B. Burueva, Eduard Y. Chekmenev, Yu-Wen Chen, Dennis W. Hwang, Kirill Kovtunov, Igor Koptyug
Summary: The study compared the efficiency of para-hydrogen-induced polarization of C-13 nuclei by side-arm hydrogenation (PHIP-SAH) with magnetic field cycling (MFC) for H-1 to C-13 polarization transfer. The pulse-sequence transfer approach showed potential benefits in some applications, despite lower C-13 polarization levels compared to MFC. However, significant C-13 NMR signal enhancement was achieved relative to thermal polarization.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Hecong Qin, Shuyu Tang, Andrew M. Riselli, Robert A. Bok, Romelyn Delos Santos, Mark van Criekinge, Jeremy W. Gordon, Rahul Aggarwal, Rui Chen, Gregory Goddard, Chunxin Tracy Zhang, Albert Chen, Galen Reed, Daniel M. Ruscitto, James Slater, Renuka Sriram, Peder E. Z. Larson, Daniel B. Vigneron, John Kurhanewicz
Summary: The study successfully translated the HP C-13 pyruvate and urea MRI technique from preclinical studies to clinical research, developing a co-polarization system and imaging methods, paving the way for clinical translation.
MAGNETIC RESONANCE IN MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Yongjun Zang, Luyang Tai, Yuanyang Hu, Yu Wang, Hongbin Sun, Xiaoan Wen, Haoliang Yuan, Liang Dai
Summary: A novel macrocyclic compound 2 with potent ACLY inhibitory activity and improved metabolic stability has been identified, highlighting its potential as a lead compound worthy of further study.
JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL INFORMATION AND MODELING
(2022)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Junghee Ha, Seyul Kwak, Keun You Kim, Hyunjeong Kim, So Yeon Cho, Minae Kim, Jun-Young Lee, Eosu Kim
Summary: Obesity may influence the relationship between adipokines and cognitive function, with leptin resistance playing a role in this association. In older adults with metabolic stress, leptin-to-adiponectin ratio (LAR) may be a better indicator of Alzheimer's disease risk.
JOURNALS OF GERONTOLOGY SERIES A-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES AND MEDICAL SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Keun You Kim, Seyul Kwak, Junghee Ha, Dae Jong Oh, Minae Kim, So Yeon Cho, Hyunjeong Kim, Jun-Young Lee, Eosu Kim
Summary: This study found that the association between plasma irisin levels and cognition and brain structures was positively correlated in participants without AD, but lost significance in those with AD, where higher levels of irisin were associated with smaller volumes of key brain regions. The presence of DM did not affect this relationship, with AD playing a significant role in moderating the effects of irisin on cognition and brain structures.
PSYCHONEUROENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Junghee Ha, Nak-Hoon Son, Young Ho Park, Eun Lee, Eosu Kim, Woo Jung Kim
Summary: This study investigated the risk of incident seizure following cholinesterase inhibitor use in patients with dementia. The results showed no immediate increase in seizure risk associated with cholinesterase inhibitor use, although the risk of seizure did increase after one year of continued medication intake in patients with dementia. Further studies are needed to confirm the safety of cognitive enhancers in relation to seizures in dementia patients.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Sunghyuk Kang, Eosu Kim, Hanna Cho, Dae Jung Kim, Hyeon Chang Kim, Sun Jae Jung
Summary: This study found an association between non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and cognitive impairment, with this association being stronger in women with higher inflammatory status.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Keun You Kim, Jaesub Park, Yong Hyu Jeong, Hyun Jeong Kim, Eun Lee, Jin Young Park, Eosu Kim, Woo Jung Kim
Summary: This study found that high plasma AβO levels could potentially serve as a surrogate biomarker for severe SCD and the presence of brain Aβ deposition in individuals with normal objective cognition.
ALZHEIMERS RESEARCH & THERAPY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Illhwan Cho, Soljee Yoon, Sunghyun Park, Seung Woo Hong, Eunjung Cho, Eosu Kim, Hye Yun Kim, YoungSoo Kim
Summary: This article introduces a method for identifying A beta peptide, which is gradually becoming a biomarker for Alzheimer's disease, and for targeting compounds used in diagnostics and drug development. By immobilizing fragmented A beta hexamers on a microplate and aggregating them with fluorescent full-length A beta, a mapping approach is reported for exploring targeting residues of A beta-imaging probes and A beta-regulating drug candidates. Through experimental validation, the authors were able to gain mechanistic understanding of how these compounds target nonfibrillar A beta.
ACS CHEMICAL NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Beum Jin Kim, Young Han Lee, Joohee Lee, Sungjun Kim, Ho-Taek Song
Summary: The study aimed to predict disease activity in patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS) using a novel water fraction measurement technique on MRI. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that water fraction parameters were significantly associated with disease activity scores in AS patients. The study concluded that the water fraction parameter could serve as a good imaging biomarker for disease activity status and may be a promising biomarker for disease progression in patients with spondyloarthritis.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Junghee Ha, Dong-Woo Choi, Kwang Joon Kim, Keun You Kim, Chung Mo Nam, Eosu Kim
Summary: This study aimed to examine the effects of pioglitazone use on dementia in patients with diabetes mellitus, particularly in those with a history of stroke or ischemic heart disease. The results showed that pioglitazone use was associated with a lower risk of dementia, especially in patients with a history of stroke or ischemic heart disease.
Letter
Clinical Neurology
Eosu Kim
Article
Clinical Neurology
Keun You Kim, Eun Hwa Kim, Myeongjee Lee, Junghee Ha, Inkyung Jung, Eosu Kim
Summary: This retrospective cohort study found that Restless Leg Syndrome (RLS) is associated with an increased risk of incident all-cause dementia in older adults, possibly serving as a non-cognitive prodromal feature of dementia. Among the 2501 newly diagnosed RLS patients in the study, they had a higher risk of developing all-cause dementia compared to the control group, with a higher risk of vascular dementia compared to Alzheimer's disease. The use of dopamine agonists was not associated with the risk of subsequent dementia. This study highlights the importance of awareness of cognitive decline in patients with RLS for early detection of dementia.
ALZHEIMERS RESEARCH & THERAPY
(2023)
Article
Nursing
Jungeun Lee, Eunhee Cho, Heejung Kim, Kyung Hee Lee, Eosu Kim, Byoung Seok Ye
Summary: This study aimed to develop a self-efficacy enhancement program and evaluate its impact on cognitive function, dementia knowledge, self-efficacy, depression, and dementia preventive behaviors in older adults with MCI. The results showed that the integrated intervention consisting of physical, cognitive, and emotional activities was effective in improving cognitive function, dementia knowledge, self-efficacy, and dementia preventive behaviors.
APPLIED NURSING RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Sunyoung Cho, Choon Ok Kim, Bong-soo Cha, Eosu Kim, Chung Mo Nam, Min-Gul Kim, Min Soo Park
Summary: This study examines the cumulative effects of long-term glycemic exposure on the development of dementia in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. The results show that poorly controlled blood sugar is associated with an increased risk of developing dementia, and higher cumulative glycemic exposure may lead to a shorter time to dementia onset.
DIABETES RESEARCH AND CLINICAL PRACTICE
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Young-Suk Choi, Jae Eun Song, Eosu Kim, Chul Hoon Kim, Jong Eun Lee, Ho-Taek Song
Summary: This study evaluated the influence of agmatine on brain metabolism using hyperpolarized [1-C-13]pyruvate magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS). The results showed that agmatine increased lactate generation and NADH/NAD+ ratio, which may be connected with improved cognitive performance and pyruvate conversion.
YONSEI MEDICAL JOURNAL
(2023)