期刊
ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
卷 9, 期 20, 页码 12000-12016出版社
WILEY
DOI: 10.1002/ece3.5670
关键词
functional diversity; functional traits; microbial communities; theoretical frameworks of diversity; trait-based ecology
资金
- U.S. Department of Energy
- Office of Science
- Office of Biological and Environmental Research [DE-AC02-05CH11231]
- Genomics: GTL Foundational Science
- OBER Biological Systems Research on the Role of Microbial Communities in Carbon Cycling Program [DE-SC0004601, DE-SC0010570]
- National Science Foundation of China [41371256]
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Regional Environmental Quality
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control at Tsinghua University
- U.S. National Science Foundation MacroSystems Biology Program [EF-1065844]
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences [P42ES004705]
- NSF [CBET-1336709]
Functional diversity is increasingly recognized by microbial ecologists as the essential link between biodiversity patterns and ecosystem functioning, determining the trophic relationships and interactions between microorganisms, their participation in biogeochemical cycles, and their responses to environmental changes. Consequently, its definition and quantification have practical and theoretical implications. In this opinion paper, we present a synthesis on the concept of microbial functional diversity from its definition to its application. Initially, we revisit to the original definition of functional diversity, highlighting two fundamental aspects, the ecological unit under study and the functional traits used to characterize it. Then, we discuss how the particularities of the microbial world disallow the direct application of the concepts and tools developed for macroorganisms. Next, we provide a synthesis of the literature on the types of ecological units and functional traits available in microbial functional ecology. We also provide a list of more than 400 traits covering a wide array of environmentally relevant functions. Lastly, we provide examples of the use of functional diversity in microbial systems based on the different units and traits discussed herein. It is our hope that this paper will stimulate discussions and help the growing field of microbial functional ecology to realize a potential that thus far has only been attained in macrobial ecology.
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