Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Oliver Cameron, Joana F. Neves, Eileen Gentleman
Summary: This review discusses the cellular and matrix components of the intestine and strategies to replicate them in vitro. By combining principles of bottom-up self-organization and top-down bioengineering, researchers can mimic the chemical and structural features of the intestine. Additionally, the review explores accessible chemistries that mimic the native extracellular matrix and evaluates bioengineering approaches in modeling the intestine.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Moran Morelli, Dorota Kurek, Chee Ping Ng, Karla Queiroz
Summary: The gut contains the largest microbial community in the human body, known as the gut microbiome, which is increasingly recognized as playing a crucial role in overall health. However, the specific impact of different microbial compositions on the gut and the mechanisms by which they contribute to disease are still not well understood. New mechanistic models, such as organ-on-a-chip, are being developed to better mimic human physiology and bridge the gap between clinical and pre-clinical studies. Gut-on-chip models offer a more accurate representation of host-microbial interactions and could accelerate the development of new treatments for diseases associated with changes in the gut microbiome.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Shafaque Rahman, Mohammed Ghiboub, Joanne M. Donkers, Evita van de Steeg, Eric A. F. van Tol, Theodorus B. M. Hakvoort, Wouter J. de Jonge
Summary: Research on intestinal function models helps to understand intestinal physiology and functions in health and disease states. However, the translation to human in vivo situation remains problematic due to the failure of these models to fully reflect the complex in vivo environment. Although traditional models are still in use, more sophisticated intestinal models have been developed in recent years.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yuri Haneishi, Yuma Furuya, Mayu Hasegawa, Antonio Picarelli, Mauro Rossi, Junki Miyamoto
Summary: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a rapidly increasing inflammatory disease of the gastrointestinal tract worldwide. Recent research suggests that factors such as genetics, environment, microbiota, and immune responses are involved in its development, but the underlying causes are unclear. Dysbiosis of gut microbiota, particularly a decrease in specific genera, has been identified as a possible trigger for IBD. Improving gut microbiota and identifying specific bacterial species are crucial for understanding and treating IBD and autoimmune diseases.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Hala Elzayat, Ghaidaa Mesto, Farah Al-Marzooq
Summary: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a complex disorder characterized by chronic inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT). Recent research has shown the significant role of the oral and gut microbiome in the development and progression of IBD and their impact on overall gut health. The interconnected oral and gut microbiome, as complex microbial communities, are implicated in IBD pathogenesis, and understanding their relationship can provide insights into disease management and prevention strategies.
Review
Immunology
Peng Qiu, Takatsugu Ishimoto, Lingfeng Fu, Jun Zhang, Zhenyong Zhang, Yang Liu
Summary: Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis are two main forms of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), and intestinal microorganisms play a key role in the development and maintenance of these diseases. However, the specific causes of IBD are still unclear, and it is unknown whether a single transmissible agent is involved. Changes in the bacterial communities in the gut may be due to inflammatory reactions and tissue destruction, rather than causing the disease itself. Antibiotic therapy has generally been ineffective in treating IBD, but recent studies suggest that manipulating the gut microbiota and interacting with the gut immune system through probiotics, prebiotics, and synbiotics may hold potential in controlling these diseases.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Chemistry, Analytical
Dimple Palanilkunnathil Thomas, Jun Zhang, Nam-Trung Nguyen, Hang Thu Ta
Summary: This review covers the physiology of the human gut and the engineering approaches of gut-on-a-chip (GOC) models, including materials and fabrication, cell types, stimuli, and gut microbiota. The applications, challenges, possible solutions, and prospects for GOC models and technology are thoroughly discussed.
Review
Cell & Tissue Engineering
Changxiu Xian, Jiaxin Zhang, Suqing Zhao, Xiang-Guang Li
Summary: The gut is crucial for digestion and pathogen invasion. Gut-on-a-chip, as a novel model, offers unique advantages in studying intestinal functions and diseases. By replicating the in vivo microenvironment and manipulating individual variables, gut-on-a-chip has been used to study various diseases. The structure and function of gut-on-a-chip are constantly improved to better mimic the intestinal microenvironment. It can be used in conjunction with other organ chips due to the complexity of disease mechanisms. This review summarizes the human intestinal structure, the development of gut-on-a-chip, and its applications in inflammatory bowel disease, viral infections, and phenylketonuria.
JOURNAL OF TISSUE ENGINEERING
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Brunette Katsandegwaza, William Horsnell, Katherine Smith
Summary: This article reviews the current murine models used for studying human inflammatory bowel disease, including chemical-induced models, gene-deficient models, and cell transfer models. The application and limitations of these models in understanding the disease pathogenesis and developing new clinical treatment strategies are discussed.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Zhengwen Cai, Tao Zhu, Fengshuo Liu, Zixuan Zhuang, Lei Zhao
Summary: Periodontal disease and inflammatory bowel disease can coexist, potentially sharing common pathogenic microorganisms. Risk factors for both diseases appear to be similar, possibly linked through invasive microorganisms such as Porphyromonas gingivalis and Campylobacter spp.
FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Guopu Chen, Fengyuan Wang, Min Nie, Hui Zhang, Han Zhang, Yuanjin Zhao
Summary: The newly developed roe-inspired microcapsules, providing sufficient nutrient supply and maintaining the functions of mesenchymal stem cells through core-shell structure, have the potential for clinical application in treating inflammatory bowel disease.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2021)
Review
Microbiology
Darren Fernandes, Jervoise Andreyev
Summary: The human gut microbiome plays a crucial role in regulating host physiology, with the microbiota and the gut working together in a stable state. Various factors, including disease states and treatments, can affect the overall stability of the intestinal flora. This review compares the well-characterized abnormalities in the microbiome in idiopathic inflammatory bowel disease and radiation enteropathy, and discusses how these changes may function at a molecular level and the potential role of manipulating the microbiome to reduce the severity of the underlying condition.
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Camilla Fiorindi, Edda Russo, Lucrezia Balocchini, Amedeo Amedei, Francesco Giudici
Summary: This article discusses the factors and management methods of inflammatory bowel disease, focusing on the impact of different dietary plans on gut microbiota and inflammation, aiming to better customize nutritional interventions.
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Ana Elisa Valencise Quaglio, Thais Gagno Grillo, Ellen Cristina Souza De Oliveira, Luiz Claudio Di Stasi, Ligia Yukie Sassaki
Summary: Dysbiosis in the gut microbiota is closely associated with various gastrointestinal disorders such as IBS, IBD, and CRC, potentially leading to mucosal barrier disruption, chronic inflammation, and cancer progression. Specific harmful bacteria, like E. coli and ETBF, are linked to an increased risk of developing CRC.
WORLD JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY
(2022)
Review
Immunology
Baoxiang Du, Yan Fu, Yuxiu Han, Qihui Sun, Jinke Xu, Yong Yang, Rong Rong
Summary: Both lung and gut are part of the common mucosal immune system (CMIS), which are defense organs against pathogens and involved in innate and adaptive immunity. There is increasing evidence of lung-gut crosstalk, where stimulation of one organ can affect the other, leading to complications and disturbances in both respiratory and intestinal diseases. The intestinal microbiota plays a significant role in these diseases, and imbalance in intestinal microbial composition can contribute to inflammation and disease persistence. This review summarizes the examples and possible mechanisms of lung-gut crosstalk in respiratory disease and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), and discusses the potential of shaping the intestinal flora for treating respiratory diseases.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Orthopedics
Alexandra K. O'Donohue, Aiken Dao, Justin D. Bobyn, Craig F. Munns, David G. Little, Aaron Schindeler
Summary: Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI), a genetic bone fragility disorder, can be treated with bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) and bisphosphonates (BPs). However, the use of BMPs as local agents for fracture healing in OI may be less effective, while the combination of BMP-2 and BPs shows considerable improvements in bone volume and polar moment of inertia. Therefore, caution should be taken when using BMP-2 alone in OI surgical settings, but the off-label administration of BPs may help overcome this limitation.
JOURNAL OF ORTHOPAEDIC RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Alexandra K. O'Donohue, Ya Xiao, Lucinda R. Lee, Timothy Schofield, Tegan L. Cheng, Craig F. Munns, Paul A. Baldock, Aaron Schindeler
Summary: In this study, a bone-targeted recombinant adeno-associated virus (AAV) vector was used to efficiently produce postnatal skeletal knockout mice using gene-floxed strains. The AAV8-Sp7-Cre vector induced widespread and persistent recombination in the bone compartment, resulting in significant increases in bone volume and strength. This research confirms the important postnatal role of the Sost gene in regulating bone homeostasis and identifies a novel role in canalicular remodeling.
Article
Materials Science, Biomaterials
Marvin Mecwan, Reihaneh Haghniaz, Alireza Hassani Najafabadi, Kalpana Mandal, Vadim Jucaud, Johnson V. John, Ali Khademhosseini
Summary: Researchers have successfully engineered a thermoresponsive shear-thinning hydrogel, composed of a thermoresponsive polymer and hemostatic silicate nanodisks, as an injectable hemostat. This hydrogel demonstrates rapid mechanical recovery and temperature-dependent blood coagulation, effectively preventing blood loss. It shows comparable efficacy to a commercially available hemostat and can be easily removed using a cold saline wash.
BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Gang Ge, Kalpana Mandal, Reihaneh Haghniaz, Mengchen Li, Xiao Xiao, Larry Carlson, Vadim Jucaud, Mehmet Remzi Dokmeci, Ghim Wei Ho, Ali Khademhosseini
Summary: Adhesive materials have been receiving increasing attention for their excellent sealing ability. However, existing adhesives typically have weak adhesion strength and deteriorate in harsh environments. In this study, a novel ionogel with tunable mechanical properties is developed using a deep eutectic solvent as the medium for photopolymerization. The ionogel demonstrates fast gelation and bonding without external pressure, high adhesion in various environments, and wide applications in packaging, marine engineering, medical adhesives, and electronic assembly.
ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Cell & Tissue Engineering
Pauline Cheng, Ahmad Rashad, Ankit Gangrade, Natan Roberto de Barros, Ali Khademhosseini, Jonathan Tam, Padmini Varadarajan, Devendra K. Agrawal, Finosh G. Thankam
Summary: Myocardial infarction leads to the loss of cardiomyocytes, but stem cell therapy shows promise in restoring cardiac function. This article discusses the application of different stem cell phenotypes and strategies to promote their differentiation into cardiomyocytes.
TISSUE ENGINEERING PART B-REVIEWS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Hossein Montazerian, Alireza Hassani Najafabadi, Elham Davoodi, Rasoul Seyedmahmoud, Reihaneh Haghniaz, Avijit Baidya, Wei Gao, Nasim Annabi, Ali Khademhosseini, Paul S. Weiss
Summary: Mussel-inspired catechol-functionalization of degradable natural biomaterials is proposed as a potential approach to achieve bioadhesion for sutureless wound closure. This approach involves a simple oxidative polymerization step before conjugation of catechol-carrying molecules to amplify catechol function in bioadhesion. The modified gelatin with poly(l-DOPA) moieties shows improved wound control and enhanced cohesion, surpassing commercial sealants, and also possesses photothermal responsiveness and antibacterial activity, making it an effective biomaterial design strategy for wound closure applications.
ADVANCED HEALTHCARE MATERIALS
(2023)
Review
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Matthew Crago, David S. S. Winlaw, Syamak Farajikhah, Fariba Dehghani, Sina Naficy
Summary: Pediatric pulmonary valve replacements (PPVRs) often have suboptimal biocompatibility and durability, leading to repeat operations and burdens for patients and parents. Biofouling and structural discrepancies due to somatic growth are important contributors to clinical failure. This review explores clinical experiences, physiological understandings, and bioengineering technologies to provide insight into the design requirements for next-generation PPVRs.
BIOENGINEERING & TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Hossein Montazerian, Shameek Mitra, Alireza Hassani Najafabadi, Rasoul Seyedmahmoud, Yuting Zheng, Mehmet Remzi Dokmeci, Nasim Annabi, Ali Khademhosseini, Paul S. Weiss
Summary: Inspired by mussel adhesion, catechol functionalization has been widely used to impart adhesion to biomaterials. However, the bioadhesion capacity of catechol motifs in hydrogels that crosslink through free-radical-based systems is debated. This study reevaluates the bioadhesion efficacy of catechol functionalized gelatin biomolecules in methacryloyl-modified photo-cross-linkable biomaterials, and investigates the effects of catechol content on adhesion strength and hydrogel integrity. The cytotoxic and immunostimulatory effects of catechol groups are also evaluated for clinical applications.
ACS MATERIALS LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Aiken Dao, Alexandra K. O'Donohue, Emily R. Vasiljevski, Justin D. Bobyn, David G. Little, Aaron Schindeler
Summary: This study developed a reliable and cost-effective murine bone infection model that mimics bacterial bone infections associated with biofilm and metal implants. The tibial drilled hole (TDH) and needle insertion surgery (NIS) infection models were compared, and both achieved a 100% infection rate when a metal implant was present. The NIS model was simpler to perform than the TDH model.
JOURNAL OF BONE AND JOINT INFECTION
(2023)
Review
Cell Biology
Helen Power, Peter Valtchev, Fariba Dehghani, Aaron Schindeler
Summary: This article discusses the classification of senolytic drugs and methods for screening new drugs. Researchers have discovered a range of senolytic drugs and introduce their different categories and mechanisms of action. The article also highlights the need for further research into drug targets and mechanisms, as well as rigorous evaluation in pre-clinical models and human trials.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Safoora Khosravi, Saeid Soltanian, Amir Servati, Ali Khademhosseini, Yangzhi Zhu, Peyman Servati
Summary: Wearable sweat biosensors embedded in textile substrates have gained attention for noninvasive monitoring of health parameters. A flexible electrochemical glucose sensor that can be screen-printed onto a textile substrate is demonstrated, achieving a linear response in the range of 20-1000μM of glucose concentration with high sensitivity and stability. These textile-based biosensors show high selectivity towards glucose and have the potential to impact the next generation of wearable devices.
Article
Rheumatology
Sohel M. Julovi, Aiken Dao, Katie Trinh, Alexandra K. O'Donohue, Cindy Shu, Susan Smith, Meena Shingde, Aaron Schindeler, Natasha M. Rogers, Christopher B. Little
Summary: This study developed a preclinical comorbid model of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and osteoarthritis (OA), and investigated the disease-modifying interactions between these two diseases. The findings demonstrated bidirectional disease-modifying interaction between CKD and OA.
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Ross D. D. Jansen-van Vuuren, Sina Naficy, Maedeh Ramezani, Michael Cunningham, Philip Jessop
Summary: CO2-responsive materials undergo changes in their properties when CO2 is introduced or removed. CO2 is advantageous as a stimulus due to its abundance, benign nature, affordability, and lack of accumulation in a system. Various CO2-responsive materials such as polymers, latexes, surfactants, and catalysts have been explored. CO2-responsive gels, a subset of CO2-responsive polymers, have unique changes such as swelling or transformed morphology. This paper reviews the preparation, properties, and applications of CO2-responsive gels, including nanogels, microgels, aerogels, and macrogels, and also discusses CO2-induced self-assembled gels.
CHEMICAL SOCIETY REVIEWS
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
V. A. Shahen, A. Schindeler, M. S. Rybchyn, C. M. Girgis, B. Mulholland, R. S. Mason, I. Levinger, T. C. Brennan-Speranza
Summary: Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus have a higher risk of fractures despite normal to high bone mineral density. This study investigated the effects of high glucose levels on human osteoblasts and tested the efficacy of parathyroid hormone and cinacalcet in promoting cell growth and matrix mineralization. The findings suggest that combination therapy with these two agents may ameliorate the negative impact of chronic high blood glucose on bone remodeling.
CALCIFIED TISSUE INTERNATIONAL
(2023)
Article
Emergency Medicine
Kevin H-Y Tsai, Huaikai Shi, Roxanne J. Parungao, Sina Naficy, Xiaotong Ding, Xiaofeng Ding, Jonathan J. Hew, Xiaosuo Wang, Wojciech Chrzanowski, Gareth G. Lavery, Zhe Li, Andrea C. Issler-Fisher, Jun Chen, Qian Tan, Peter K. Maitz, Mark S. Cooper, Yiwei Wang
Summary: Burn injury increases the expression of 11 beta-HSD1 in the skin, which plays a crucial role in regulating wound healing and scar formation through glucocorticoid metabolism. Application of an inactive glucocorticoid capable of activation by skin 11 beta-HSD1 slows down wound closure but significantly improves scar characteristics post-burn injury.
