Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Congling Zhao, Chunyan Cai, Hongbin Dai, Jun Zhang
Summary: This study conducted a meta-analysis and found that the combined application of orthokeratology and single-vision spectacles is more effective in slowing the progression of high myopia.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Li-hua Yu, Ran Zhuo, Guan-xing Song, Meng Lin, Wan-qing Jin
Summary: The aim of this study is to evaluate the potential of a novel custom-designed rigid gas permeable contact lens for controlling high myopia. The results suggest that multifocal rigid gas-permeable lenses have no significant impact on controlling high myopia progression compared with single-vision spectacles.
FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Ophthalmology
Motohiro Itoi, Osamu Hieda, Natsuki Kusada, Takafumi Miyatani, Kentaro Kojima, Chie Sotozono
Summary: The purpose of this study was to identify the risk factors for the progression of myopic maculopathy (MM) based on severity. A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted on the risk factors for MM progression in patients with pathologic myopia (PM) and high myopia (HM). It was found that baseline PM and more severe baseline MM categories were significantly associated with an increased risk of MM progression.
EYE & CONTACT LENS-SCIENCE AND CLINICAL PRACTICE
(2023)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Saulius Varnas, Xiaomeng Gu, Andrew Metcalfe
Summary: The study aims to provide reliable guidelines on the effectiveness of interventions in slowing down myopia progression over defined time periods based on a substantial number of RCTs. The analysis indicates that both multifocal spectacles and contact lenses moderately slow down myopia progression, especially in the first 12 months after intervention.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Kun Wang, Yifan Niu, Zhenzhen Lu, Boyang Duo, Clement Yaw Effah, Lina Guan
Summary: Through a meta-analysis, this study found that skipping breakfast is associated with an increased risk of overweight/obesity in children and adolescents. Skipping breakfast was positively associated with overweight, obesity, and abdominal obesity in children and adolescents.
FRONTIERS IN NUTRITION
(2023)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Yue Gao, Yan Yu
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the effect of 0.01% atropine on ocular axial elongation in myopic children. The meta-analysis found that the combination of orthokeratology and 0.01% atropine can effectively control myopia progression, providing helpful evidence for its effectiveness.
Review
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Sylvia Agyekum, Poemen P. Chan, Yuzhou Zhang, Zhaohua Huo, Benjamin H. K. Yip, Patrick Ip, Clement C. Tham, Li Jia Chen, Xiu Juan Zhang, Chi Pui Pang, Jason C. Yam
Summary: The rising global prevalence of myopia poses a significant public health concern. This systematic review examines the cost-effectiveness of interventions for treating myopia. Six studies meeting the eligibility criteria were included, assessing costs, quality-adjusted life years (QALYs), and incremental cost-effectiveness ratios (ICER). The findings suggest that photorefractive screening plus 0.01% atropine and corneal refractive surgery are cost-effective, while ranibizumab and conbercept show to be more cost-effective than photodynamic therapy for pathologic myopia. Prevention of myopia progression is more cost-effective than treating pathologic myopia.
FRONTIERS IN PUBLIC HEALTH
(2023)
Review
Allergy
Samidi Navaratna, Marie J. Estcourt, John Burgess, Nilakshi Waidyatillake, Elizabeth Enoh, Adrian J. Lowe, Rachel Peters, Jennifer Koplin, Shyamali C. Dhamage, Caroline J. Lodge
Summary: The study found that childhood vaccination with commonly administered vaccines was not associated with increased risk of later allergic disease. Vaccination with BCG and measles vaccines were associated with a reduced risk of eczema.
Review
Behavioral Sciences
Christiane Wesarg, Alithe L. Van den Akker, Nicole Y. L. Oei, Reinout W. Wiers, Janneke Staaks, Julian F. Thayer, DeWayne P. Williams, Machteld Hoeve
Summary: Childhood adversity is associated with small alterations in vagal functioning, particularly in samples including individuals with psychiatric disorders and experiences of direct adversities. Overall, no significant association was found between childhood adversity and vagal activity or reactivity.
NEUROSCIENCE AND BIOBEHAVIORAL REVIEWS
(2022)
Review
Integrative & Complementary Medicine
Boram Lee, Mi Mi Ko, Sun Haeng Lee, Gyu Tae Chang
Summary: Acupuncture may improve symptoms of childhood anorexia without serious adverse events, but more high-quality clinical trials are needed to conclusively establish the efficacy and safety of this treatment due to the low methodological quality and quality of evidence in existing reports.
COMPLEMENTARY THERAPIES IN MEDICINE
(2022)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Wenwen Cheng, Yan Yang, Ying Chen, Sharui Shan, Changhui Li, Ling Fang, Weiguo Zhang, Song Lan, Xiong Zhang
Summary: This study identified discrepancies in efficacy and tolerability among ASMs used in patients with BECTS. More RCTs with larger populations are needed to determine the optimal antiepileptic drug treatment to guide clinicians.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Oncology
Alessandro Godono, Francesco Felicetti, Alessio Conti, Marco Clari, Margherita Dionisi-Vici, Filippo Gatti, Catalina Ciocan, Tommaso Pinto, Emanuela Arvat, Enrico Brignardello, Franca Fagioli, Enrico Pira
Summary: This study assessed the prevalence of employment among childhood cancer survivors (CCS) and found that two-thirds of them were employed worldwide. The study also identified different employment rates based on socio-demographic and clinical factors, and highlighted the importance of designing targeted interventions to promote employment in this population.
Review
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Jie Tang, Yifei Pei, Jingjing Wang, Na Yan, Yunjiao Luo, Wen Zhou, Xiaojuan Wang, Wei Wang
Summary: This study aims to summarize the relevant evidence on the association between eye exercises and myopia in children and adolescents in China. The results of the meta-analysis showed that eye exercises can reduce the risk of myopia by 24%. However, considering the negative effects of incorrect performance and attitude toward eye exercises, more standardized eye exercises are needed to prevent the progress of myopia in the long term.
FRONTIERS IN PUBLIC HEALTH
(2023)
Review
Psychiatry
Natalie Shoham, Michelle Eskinazi, Joseph F. Hayes, Gemma Lewis, Magnus Theodorsson, Claudia Cooper
Summary: The study found a cross-sectional association between visual acuity impairment and psychosis, but further research is needed to clarify the temporal direction due to contradictory results in cohort studies. Understanding this association may provide insights into prevention strategies for individuals at risk of visual acuity impairment and psychosis.
ACTA PSYCHIATRICA SCANDINAVICA
(2021)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Xiaoyu Zhu, Bowei Xu, Lingxue Dai, Zuoyuan Wang, Li Feng, Jiangyue Zhao
Summary: This study found through a systematic review and meta-analysis that TGF-beta1 rs4803455 and rs1800469 are associated with myopia, while TGF-beta2 is not, and there is limited research on TGF-beta3 and myopia.
Article
Ophthalmology
Sven Jonuscheit, Andrew K. C. Lam, Katrina L. Schmid, John Flanagan, Raul Martin, David Troilo
Summary: The article discusses the challenges faced by optometry schools in early to mid 2020 due to the COVID-19 pandemic. It highlights experiences from six universities in five countries on four continents, addressing strategies to minimize virus transmission risks and ensure safe clinical optometric teaching. The paper also looks at opportunities to enhance optometric education moving forward.
OPHTHALMIC AND PHYSIOLOGICAL OPTICS
(2021)
Review
Education & Educational Research
S. Backhouse, N. G. Chiavaroli, K. L. Schmid, T. McKenzie, A. L. Cochrane, G. Phillips, I. Jalbert
Summary: The study evaluated the written components of credentialing assessment for overseas-educated optometrists in Australia and New Zealand and found high reliability in multiple choice questions (MCQ) and short answer questions (SAQ) exams. A competency-based blueprint and standard setting exercise were used to ensure the validity of the exams, with the introduction of item response theory (Rasch) to calibrate exam difficulty resulting in consistently high reliability in the SAQ exam. Data from 12 exam administrations since 2014 showed a pass rate of 68.9% for the written exam, with 47.2% passing both MCQ and SAQ components on the first attempt.
BMC MEDICAL EDUCATION
(2021)
Article
Ophthalmology
Nanyu Zhou, Katie Edwards, Luisa H. Colorado, Katrina L. Schmid
Summary: The purpose of this study was to determine the clinical ocular marker most related to meibomian area loss and its associations with confocal microscopy imaging. The lid margin score was found to be most related to meibomian area loss, making it the best predictor of undiagnosed meibomian area loss.
Article
Ophthalmology
David A. Atchison, Thien Nguyen, Katrina L. Schmid, Archayeeta Rakshit, Alex S. Baldwin, Robert F. Hess
Summary: The purpose of this study was to simulate lens-induced and screen-induced aniseikonia and evaluate their effects on stereopsis. The results showed that the screen-based method was not always successful in simulating the effects of lens-induced aniseikonia on stereopsis. However, the computer-based method was reasonably successful in neutralizing refractive aniseikonia, especially for overall and x180 meridional aniseikonia.
OPHTHALMIC AND PHYSIOLOGICAL OPTICS
(2022)
Article
Ophthalmology
Katrina L. Schmid, Kate L. Gifford, David A. Atchison
Summary: This study evaluated the effects of multifocal soft contact lenses on visual quality, accommodation, and vergence in young adult myopes. The results showed that the two aspheric designs had a greater impact on visual acuity, contrast sensitivity, and accommodation response compared to the concentric design.
CONTACT LENS & ANTERIOR EYE
(2023)
Article
Ophthalmology
Pradipta Bhattacharya, Katie Edwards, Katrina L. Schmid
Summary: This study aimed to develop automated cell identification and segmentation methods for morphometry of corneal epithelial cells using ImageJ software. Manual thresholding technique was reliable for identifying and segmenting intermediate cells, but less reliable for basal cells.
CONTACT LENS & ANTERIOR EYE
(2022)
Article
Ophthalmology
Dinesh Kaphle, Saulius R. Varnas, Katrina L. Schmid, Marwan Suheimat, Alexander Leube, David A. Atchison
Summary: This study aimed to compare the accommodative errors between emmetropes and myopes and investigate the effect of using different instruments and metrics. It was found that emmetropes had smaller lags of accommodation compared to myopes. There were significant differences between methods and instruments.
OPHTHALMIC AND PHYSIOLOGICAL OPTICS
(2022)
Review
Environmental Sciences
Sukanya Jaiswal, Isabelle Jalbert, Katrina Schmid, Natasha Tein, Sarah Wang, Blanka Golebiowski
Summary: This study describes the detrimental effects of wildfire smoke and air pollution on the ocular surface and proposes a mechanism for the pathophysiology of ocular surface damage. Current strategies to reduce human exposure to air pollutants and specific possible approaches to protect the ocular surface are discussed. Further research is suggested to understand the short and long-term implications of acute and chronic air pollution exposure on the ocular surface.
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
(2022)
Article
Ophthalmology
Dinesh Kaphle, Katrina L. Schmid, Marwan Suheimat, Scott A. Read, David A. Atchison
Summary: The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between peripheral choroid thickness and eye length changes during accommodation. The results showed that eye length increased with accommodation, while the choroid thinned. The thinning of the choroid accounted for approximately 60% of the eye length increase.
OPHTHALMIC AND PHYSIOLOGICAL OPTICS
(2023)
Article
Ophthalmology
Saulius R. Varnas, Dinesh Kaphle, Katrina L. Schmid, Marwan Suheimat, David A. Atchison
Summary: The study aimed to investigate the impact of multifocal spectacle lenses on accommodative errors and whether this impact changes over time. The results showed that progressive addition lenses (PALs) can reduce accommodative lag, but the addition power needs to be tailored to the typical working distances of individuals. Furthermore, after one year of wear, the addition power needs to be increased by at least 0.50 D to maintain efficacy.
Article
Ophthalmology
Mark A. Bullimore, Samantha Sze -Yee Lee, Katrina L. Schmid, Jos J. Rozema, Nicolas Leveziel, Edward A. H. Mallen, Nina Jacobsen, Rafael Iribarren, Pavan K. Verkicharla, Jan Roelof Polling, Paul Chamberlain
Summary: Myopia can start and progress during childhood as well as during adulthood. This review aims to summarize the published data on myopia onset and progression in young adults aged 18 to 40, to characterize myopia in this age group, and to identify gaps in the current understanding.
INVESTIGATIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY & VISUAL SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Jacqueline Ramke, Jennifer R. Evans, Esmael Habtamu, Nyawira Mwangi, Juan Carlos Silva, Bonnielin K. Swenor, Nathan Congdon, Hannah B. Faal, Allen Foster, David S. Friedman, Stephen Gichuhi, Jost B. Jonas, Peng T. Khaw, Fatima Kyari, Gudlavalleti V. S. Murthy, Ningli Wang, Tien Y. Wong, Richard Wormald, Mayinuer Yusufu, Hugh Taylor, Serge Resnikoff, Sheila K. West, Matthew J. Burton
Summary: Through the Grand Challenges in Global Eye Health exercise, key issues in improving eye health have been identified and specific challenges have been prioritised. This list can guide funders in investing in research and innovation in the field of eye health, and encourages collaboration among researchers, clinicians, and policy makers to address these challenges.
LANCET HEALTHY LONGEVITY
(2022)
Article
Ophthalmology
Dinesh Kaphle, Katrina L. Schmid, Leon N. Davies, Marwan Suheimat, David A. Atchison
Summary: The study aimed to investigate whether accommodation-induced changes in ciliary muscle dimensions differ between emmetropes and myopes, and to explore the effect of the image analysis method. The findings showed that myopes had longer and thicker ciliary muscles than emmetropes, and exhibited different patterns of changes during accommodation.
INVESTIGATIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY & VISUAL SCIENCE
(2022)
