Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Li Yin, Eric William Kent, Bowen Wang
Summary: Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a common focal dilation of the aorta in the elderly population, which can lead to aneurysmal rupture with a mortality rate of around 80%. Despite increased screening efforts, there is currently no cure to halt the expansion of AAA, partly due to incomplete understanding of its pathogenesis. Animal models provide valuable insights into AAA pathophysiology, but no single experimental model fully captures the complexity of the disease.
FRONTIERS IN CARDIOVASCULAR MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Maciej Jusko, Piotr Kasprzak, Alicja Majos, Waclaw Kuczmik
Summary: Individual anatomical differences may play a crucial role in assessing the risk of rupture for abdominal aortic aneurysms, as shown by the study's findings on diameter ratios and their predictive value for small aneurysms with a high risk of rupture. Further validation of these ratios in larger patient groups is needed.
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Zijia Huang, Huiling Su, Tiejun Zhang, Yuwen Li
Summary: Diabetes mellitus has a negative association with abdominal aortic aneurysm, but is also associated with poorer outcomes following AAA repair. Hypoglycemic medications may have a protective effect against AAA.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Natalia Niklas, Piotr Gutowski, Arkadiusz Kazimierczak, Pawel Rynio
Summary: The current stratification model of aneurysm rupture is inadequate in certain clinical cases. Our study reveals differences in wall structure between ruptured and unruptured aneurysms, with the AFL/ILT surface ratio potentially serving as a predictive factor for aneurysm rupture and symptom occurrence in AAA.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Amelie L. Behrens, Susanne Dihlmann, Caspar Grond-Ginsbach, Andreas S. Peters, Bernhard Dorweiler, Dittmar Boeckler, Philipp Erhart
Summary: Gene expression profiling reveals the involvement of chronic inflammatory responses, active matrix metalloproteinases, and degradation of the extracellular matrix components in the development and progression of abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA). The study shows heterogeneous gene expression patterns within the AAA vascular wall. Single biopsy investigations do not provide a comprehensive characterization of the activated molecular processes in AAA disease.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Zhen Yuan, Zhijian Heng, Yi Lu, Jia Wei, Zhejun Cai
Summary: The study found that metformin can reduce the growth rate and rupture risk of abdominal aortic aneurysm in type 2 diabetes patients, providing research evidence for related treatment strategies.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Surgery
Katherine M. Reitz, Amanda R. Phillips, Edith Tzeng, Michel S. Makaroun, Christine M. Leeper, Nathan L. Liang
Summary: This study compares immediate and early mortality among patients undergoing ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm (RAAA) repair and finds that immediate deaths are predominantly related to shock from massive hemorrhage, while early deaths are mainly associated with comorbid conditions leading to multisystem organ failure.
JOURNAL OF VASCULAR SURGERY
(2022)
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Jonathan Golledge, Shivshankar Thanigaimani, Janet T. Powell, Phil S. Tsao
Summary: Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) causes a high number of deaths worldwide every year, but no drug therapy has been proven to effectively limit AAA growth in randomized controlled trials. Genome-wide association studies have identified potential drug targets, and treatments to reduce low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and smoking cessation are also being considered. However, previous placebo-controlled randomized trials have not shown convincing evidence of drug efficacy, mainly due to limitations such as small sample sizes and poor participant retention. Further large prospective studies on other targets are needed to address this issue.
EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
Stanislav Polzer, Jan Kracik, Tomas Novotny, Lubos Kubicek, Robert Staffa, Madhavan L. Raghavan
Summary: The study proposed a methodology for estimating the annual risk of rupture of abdominal aortic aneurysms using Bayesian statistics, mechanics, and patient-specific data. Considering past survival significantly improved predictions of future risk, and both patient-specific blood pressure variability and growth had important impacts on the estimates.
COMPUTER METHODS AND PROGRAMS IN BIOMEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Surgery
Muhammad Saad Hafeez, Shimena R. Li, Katherine M. Reitz, Amanda R. Phillips, Salim G. Habib, Antalya Jano, Yancheng Dai, Andre Stone, Edith Tzeng, Michel S. Makaroun, Nathan L. Liang
Summary: This study investigated the prevalence and characteristics of multiple organ failure (MOF) after repair of ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm (rAAA). It found that MOF occurred in approximately 9-14% of patients within 3-5 days after the repair, and was associated with a three-fold increase in mortality. Endovascular repair was associated with a reduced incidence of MOF.
JOURNAL OF VASCULAR SURGERY
(2023)
Article
Surgery
Thomas F. X. O'Donnell, Kirsten D. Dansey, Christina L. Marcaccio, Priya B. Patel, Kakra Hughes, Peter Soden, Sara L. Zettervall, Marc L. Schermerhorn
Summary: A study found that Black patients with ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysms (rAAAs) are less likely to be transferred to regional centers and more likely to be turned down for repair in the current systems of interhospital transfer in the United States. Although the postoperative outcomes appeared similar, this finding could be falsely optimistic as Black patients, especially the underinsured, were turned down for repair more often even after adjustment. Significant work is needed to better understand the reasons underlying these disparities and identify the targets to improve the care of Black patients with rAAAs.
JOURNAL OF VASCULAR SURGERY
(2023)
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Kofi B. Quaye, Neena Pack, Timothy Wilson-Byrne, Chandler A. Long
Summary: Advancements in endovascular technologies have allowed us to treat more patients. Further research is warranted on non-operative medical therapies.
CURRENT CARDIOLOGY REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Surgery
Indrani Sen, Irina Kanzafarova, Jennifer Yonkus, Bernardo C. Mendes, Jill J. Colglazier, Fahad Shuja, Randall R. DeMartino, Manju Kalra, Todd E. Rasmussen
Summary: The objective of this study was to evaluate the presentation trends, intervention, and survival of patients treated for late abdominal aortic aneurysm rupture (LAR) after open repair (OR) or endovascular aortic aneurysm repair (EVAR). The findings showed that LARs became more frequent after 2010, and the treatment time was shorter and required less blood loss and dialysis in the EVAR group compared to the OR group. Overall survival rates were similar between the two groups. In conclusion, the increasing occurrence of LARs can be attributed to the popularity of EVAR, and endovascular techniques have proven to be effective in salvaging LAR cases with better outcomes.
JOURNAL OF VASCULAR SURGERY
(2023)
Article
Surgery
Sarah Tham, Darius Aw, Kalpana Vijaykumar, Shin Chuen Cheng, Jia Sheng Tay, Edward Choke
Summary: This report presents a case of spontaneous sealing and prolonged survival in a ruptured AAA patient who chose conservative management instead of repair. While the overwhelming evidence suggests that an unrepaired ruptured AAA is fatal, this rare case highlights the possibility of spontaneous sealing and extended survival.
JOURNAL OF ENDOVASCULAR THERAPY
(2022)
Article
Surgery
Niveditta Ramkumar, Bjoern D. Suckow, Jesse A. Columbo, Shipra Arya, Art Sedrakyan, Todd A. Mackenzie, Jeremiah R. Brown, Philip P. Goodney
Summary: Male and female patients who underwent AAA repair had similar rates of reintervention and late aneurysm rupture in the 10 years after their procedure. However, repair type and clinical presentation may affect the role of sex in clinical outcomes and warrant further exploration in these subgroups.
JOURNAL OF VASCULAR SURGERY
(2023)