Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Simone Loreti, Enrico Ser-Giacomi, Andreas Zischg, Margreth Keiler, Marc Barthelemy
Summary: Research shows that floods have affected over 2 billion people globally from 1998 to 2017, with the occurrence expected to increase as a result of climate warming, population growth, and rapid urbanization. Previous studies on the resilience of transportation networks during floods have mainly used the framework of percolation, but this study demonstrates its inadequacy through a realistic high-resolution flood simulation. Instead, a new approach is proposed to partition the road network based on the accessibility of local towns and define new measures to characterize the impact of flooding. This analysis helps to identify key cities that provide critical services to a large number of individuals during floods, aiding practical risk management and resource allocation decisions.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Environmental Studies
Xinyi Fang, Linjun Lu, Yan Li, Yilin Hong
Summary: This paper proposes a systematic DPSIR method for traffic performance assessment under urban floods caused by extreme rainfall events. A coupled rainfall-flood-traffic model has been developed to evaluate publicly available data. The DPSIR method integrates the natural and transportation systems into cause-effect-response impact chains and enables dynamic traffic performance measurement on the road and network levels. Applied to urban networks in Shanghai, China, the results identify critical roads and verify the effectiveness of demand-control strategies in enhancing traffic resilience. By providing decision-makers with a comprehensive view of traffic operation during disruptions, this method can help establish a more resilient transport system in flood risk management.
TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH PART D-TRANSPORT AND ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Environmental Studies
Andre Borgato Morelli, Andre Luiz Cunha
Summary: This paper introduces a convenient metric for assessing the vulnerability of road networks in small to medium-sized cities, focusing on how obstructions from disasters can increase path lengths. A case study in Sa?o Carlos, Brazil, demonstrates that walking and cycling are more robust modes of transportation compared to motorized individual transport, highlighting the importance of compact city planning to make cities more resilient to floods.
TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH PART D-TRANSPORT AND ENVIRONMENT
(2021)
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Xiaoliang Shi, Yan Zhang, Hao Ding, Yuanqi Yang, Jiajun Chen, Mengqi Shi, Fei Chen
Summary: Drought caused by global warming has a significant impact on terrestrial ecosystems and agricultural production. This study used the standardized precipitation evapotranspiration index and meteorological elements to identify and characterize drought characteristics and hazards. Drought vulnerability was assessed considering crop and environmental sensitivity, disaster prevention, and mitigation capacity, and drought exposure was investigated based on crop sown area and population density. The research findings provide scientific reference for water resource management and drought prevention.
ECOLOGICAL INDICATORS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Xander Huggins, Tom Gleeson, Matti Kummu, Samuel C. Zipper, Yoshihide Wada, Tara J. Troy, James S. Famiglietti
Summary: This research focuses on the impacts of freshwater stress and storage loss on social and ecological systems. It finds that basins with existing freshwater stress are experiencing increasing drought, posing challenges to water stressed basins globally. By mapping the global gradient of social-ecological vulnerability to freshwater stress and storage loss, 168 hotspot basins are identified as the most vulnerable, encompassing over 1.5 billion people, 17% of global food crop production, 13% of global gross domestic product, and hundreds of significant wetlands. Reducing vulnerability in these hotspot basins can bring significant social and ecological benefits.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Gholam Hosein Yusefi, Kamran Safi, Pedro Tarroso, Jose Carlos Brito
Summary: The study reveals that the impacts of climate change on mammals are not uniform, and vulnerability to these changes differs between functional groups. The research found that the areas most at risk of exposure to extreme climates are located in lowlands rather than mountains, with extreme drying posing a greater threat to mammal diversity, particularly for large-bodied and threatened species in arid regions.
DIVERSITY AND DISTRIBUTIONS
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Marine
Charles Lan, Alec Wild, Ryan Paulik, Liam Wotherspoon, Conrad Zorn
Summary: This study examines the effects of extreme sea level flooding on critical infrastructure, both directly and indirectly. The direct impacts on coastal areas are well understood, but the indirect impacts are less so. The study focuses on the vulnerability of various infrastructure systems to disruption from coastal flooding in South Dunedin, New Zealand, and quantifies the population affected by service losses. It identifies a tipping point at a sea level rise of 0.6 m, where road access, electricity, and telecommunication services are extensively affected.
JOURNAL OF MARINE SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Sakshi Maurya, Rupa Ghosh, Ramesh Kumar Sehgal, Pradeep Srivastava, Uma Kant Shukla, Abhishek Pratap Singh, Shushanta Sarangi
Summary: This study analyzed the carbon and oxygen isotope compositions of well-preserved herbivorous mammal fossil teeth to reveal the dietary habits of large mammals in the northern Indian Alluvial tract during the Late Pleistocene.
GEOLOGICAL JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Chiara Arrighi, Maria Pregnolato, Fabio Castelli
Summary: This study presents a risk analysis of indirect flood impacts on water distribution and road network systems, highlighting the risks posed by systemic interdependency. The results demonstrate that timely repairs to water distribution station can significantly reduce risks in terms of population equivalent and pipe length. Further research on systemic risk analysis for multiple urban infrastructures could enhance resilience planning for indirect impacts.
NATURAL HAZARDS AND EARTH SYSTEM SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Environmental Sciences
Juan David Gonzalez-Trujillo, Rosa M. Roman-Cuesta, Aaron Israel Muniz-Castillo, Cibele H. Amaral, Miguel B. Araujo
Summary: Climate change is a multidimensional phenomenon and cannot be captured by a single metric. Existing metrics tend to focus on central tendencies and overlook the multidimensionality of extreme weather events. This article reviews existing metrics and proposes a framework for classifying and interpreting them in relation to their impacts on biodiversity.
Article
Ecology
Francesco Polazzo, Markus Hermann, Melina Crettaz-Minaglia, Andreu Rico
Summary: Untangling the relationship between network complexity and ecological stability under climate change, particularly extreme climatic events, is a challenging task. This study explores the effects of extreme heatwaves on the complexity of freshwater ecosystems and its correlation with stability components of the community. The findings suggest that reduction in network complexity leads to decreased functional and compositional resistance, while increased link-weighted network complexity improves functional and energy flux recovery and resilience but increases compositional instability.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Elias Munthali, Lisette N. de Senerpont Domis, Rafael Marce
Summary: This study examines how trophic state affects the response of reservoir ecosystems to extreme climatic events using long-term data. The results show that the response of reservoirs to extreme climatic events weakens when nutrient loading is reduced. Therefore, protecting reservoirs from nutrient pollution can improve ecosystem health.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Xianglong Lian, Tong Qian, Zepeng Li, Xingyu Chen, Wenhu Tang
Summary: This research develops a quantitative assessment framework to improve the resilience of power systems against extreme weather events. It includes the identification of vulnerable lines and the development of a novel assessment index. Simulation results on a test system demonstrate that the framework is able to identify vulnerable lines and assess the resilience of power systems.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ELECTRICAL POWER & ENERGY SYSTEMS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
K. Giamalaki, C. Beaulieu, S. A. Henson, A. P. Martin, H. Kassem, D. Faranda
Summary: This study used a large ensemble of data to investigate the evolution of Extreme Aleutian Low (AL) events, finding that under the RCP8.5 scenario, these extreme events will become more frequent and persistent, impacting precipitation and air temperature patterns over North America, as well as affecting the variability of sea surface temperature and net heat fluxes in the Kuroshio Extension.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Haiyan Liu, Jianghao Wang, Jian Liu, Yong Ge, Xiaoli Wang, Chi Zhang, Eimear Cleary, Nick W. Ruktanonchai, Corrine W. Ruktanonchai, Yongcheng Yao, Amy Wesolowski, Xin Lu, Andrew J. Tatem, Xuemei Bai, Shengjie Lai
Summary: This study proposes a framework for data-driven analysis on mobility resilience, revealing the compound effects of COVID-19 and extreme weather events on mobility recovery in cities with different socioeconomic contexts. The study finds that high temperatures and abnormal precipitation levels increase the risk of reduced mobility below the pre-pandemic baseline during outbreaks. These compound impacts are more severe in cities with high population density and low GDP levels.
SUSTAINABLE CITIES AND SOCIETY
(2023)
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Paul Scholte, Olivier Pays, Saleh Adam, Bertrand Chardonnet, Herve Fritz, Jean-Baptiste Mamang, Herbert H. T. Prins, Pierre-Cyril Renaud, Patrick Tadjo, Mark Moritz
Summary: Analyzing multispecies surveys conducted in Central Africa's seven main savanna national parks between 1960 and 2017, it was found that populations of wild large herbivores declined, livestock numbers increased, and tourism industry collapsed. To address this issue, it is proposed to strategically retreat and focus resources on smaller areas to conserve wildlife in the Central African savannas.
CONSERVATION BIOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Biodiversity Conservation
Justice Muvengwi, Herve Fritz, Ed Witkowski, Henri Thomassen
Summary: Termite mounds have a positive impact on phylogenetic diversity of woody plants in savannas, while their influence on phyloendemism is dependent on environmental factors.
DIVERSITY AND DISTRIBUTIONS
(2022)
Article
Ecology
Amauree Jansen van Vuuren, Herve Fritz, Jan A. Venter
Summary: This study investigated the forage use of five antelope species in the Overberg area of Western Cape, South Africa and found that some species have a higher dependence on anthropogenic vegetation resources while others rely more on natural vegetation resources.
AFRICAN JOURNAL OF ECOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Ecology
Benjamin J. Wigley, Corli Coetsee, Kuzivakwashe A. Mawoyo, Herve Fritz
Summary: This study examines the effects of herbivore exclusion on chemical and physical defense traits in savanna trees. The results show that mammalian herbivory does not increase the chemical defenses of the trees, but rather, in some species, these defenses are higher without herbivory. However, herbivory does induce the development of physical defense traits, such as longer and thicker spines, while also improving the nutritional quality of some species.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Zanri Strydom, Lauren J. Waller, Mark Brown, Herve Fritz, Kevin Shaw, Jan A. Venter
Summary: This study investigated predation behavior of Cape fur seals on Cape gannets and methods to reduce predation. The results showed that selective culling effectively reduced predation probability. Additionally, increased numbers of gannet fledglings and fish biomass were found to decrease predation probability. Therefore, increasing food availability is a viable approach to promote the conservation of Cape gannets.
Article
Ecology
Lovelater Sebele, Peter Mundy, Herve Fritz
AFRICAN JOURNAL OF ECOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Ecology
Justice Muvengwi, Herve Fritz, Monicah Mbiba, Hilton G. T. Ndagurwa
Summary: The study aimed to assess the impact of urban development on avian diversity and found that urban green spaces have higher species richness and functional diversity compared to protected areas. The study suggests that urban landscapes should be considered in national and regional conservation plans.
LANDSCAPE AND URBAN PLANNING
(2022)
Article
Ornithology
Zanri Strydom, Lauren J. Waller, Mark Brown, Herve Fritz, Jan A. Venter
Summary: The Cape Gannet population is declining rapidly due to various causes, including egg predation by the Kelp Gull. The study found that nest location and predator removal significantly affected the likelihood of predation. The predation rate on Cape Gannet eggs increased after selective culling, suggesting a need for alternative long-term solutions to reduce the impact of predation.
Correction
Zoology
Frederic Mazue, Chloe Guerbois, Herve Fritz, Nancy Rebout, Odile Petit
Article
Zoology
Mazue Frederic, Guerbois Chloe, Fritz Herve, Rebout Nancy, Petit Odile
Summary: Baboon troops in peri-urban areas of South Africa face challenges in obtaining anthropogenic food, and implementing restrictions can be an effective solution.
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Alice Bernard, Lizette Moolman, Melanie A. de Morney, Chloe Guerbois, Jan A. Venter, Herve Fritz
Article
Marine & Freshwater Biology
Zanri Strydom, David Gremillet, Herve Fritz, Jan A. Venter, Julien Collet, Akiko Kato, Lorien Pichegru
Summary: This study examines the effect of age and sex on the foraging behavior and energy expenditure of Cape gannets. The findings suggest that aging females have higher energy expenditure than aging males, which may be related to their role in provisioning for the chick.
Article
Ecology
Isabella A. A. Ball, David G. G. Marneweck, Nicholas B. B. Elliot, Arjun M. M. Gopalaswamy, Herve Fritz, Jan A. A. Venter
Summary: Intensive management is needed in fenced wildlife areas to reduce the negative effects of isolation. Regular and reliable monitoring of population size and structure is important for making informed management decisions. This study provides robust estimates of African lion population parameters and informs a resource-efficient long-term monitoring program.
ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
(2023)
Review
Biodiversity Conservation
Lovelater Sebele, Peter Mundy, Herve Fritz, Chloe Guerbois
Summary: This study investigates people's attitudes towards using Barn Owls for rodent control and finds that gender and parental influence play a significant role in shaping the community's perceptions of owls. The distance of the homestead from a protected area and the village of origin also influence people's views on owls.
TROPICAL CONSERVATION SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
Zanri Strydom, Lauren J. Waller, Mark Brown, Herve Fritz, Kevin Shaw, Jan A. Venter
Summary: Seabird populations, such as the Cape gannet, are impacted by predation, with selective culling of Cape fur seals proving to reduce predation probability and increase food availability for both species, suggesting a sustainable conservation approach.
PEERJ COMPUTER SCIENCE
(2022)
