Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Hazem S. S. Elshafie, Ippolito Camele, Amira A. A. Mohamed
Summary: Natural products, including primary metabolites (PMs) and secondary metabolites (SMs), play crucial roles in plant growth, reproduction, defense, and adaptation. SMs, including terpenoids, phenolics, and nitrogen-containing compounds, possess various biological activities and can be used as flavoring agents, food additives, and plant-disease control. This review focuses on the significance, biosynthesis, classification, biochemical characterization, and medical/pharmaceutical uses of plant SMs. Additionally, the potential of SMs as eco-friendly substitutes for synthetic pesticides and their role in enhancing plant resistance are discussed.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Lu Long, Xiao-Tong Zhao, Ya-Mei Feng, Zhi-Hao Fan, Jing-Ruo Zhao, Jian-Feng Wu, Fu-Chun Xu, Man Yuan, Wei Gao
Summary: Cotton is a commercial crop facing diminishing yields due to adverse environments, making the production of resistant cultivars a high priority. A study on cotton leaves identified 190 flavonoids, showing the dominant groups to be flavones and flavonols. Inhibiting flavonoid production affected cotton growth and caused semi-dwarfing, while also contributing to the plant's defense against UV radiation and Verticillium dahliae. This research sheds light on the variety and biological functions of flavonoids in cotton, aiding in breeding efforts.
PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yin-Ping Lv, Gang Zhao, Yong-Fei Xie, Anane Gideon Owusu, Yong Wu, Jun-Shan Gao
Summary: This study compared the variations of pigment formation in two brown cotton fibers (DCF and LCF) and white cotton fiber (WCF) through transcriptome and metabolome analysis. The results showed that genes and metabolites related to flavonoid biosynthesis were significantly up-regulated in brown cotton fibers, indicating the need for selection of high-quality brown cotton fiber breeding lines for durable brown color pigmentation.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Xinxiang Xu, Hanhan Qin, Chunling Liu, Jingquan Liu, Mengxue Lyu, Fen Wang, Yue Xing, Ge Tian, Zhanling Zhu, Yuanmao Jiang, Shunfeng Ge
Summary: Nitrogen and potassium have significant effects on apple peel color. High nitrogen treatment decreases fruit red color and anthocyanin content, while potassium promotes 13C transportation to fruits and alleviates the inhibition of red color synthesis. Genes and metabolites related to anthocyanin synthesis pathway are also regulated by N and K.
JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ju Cai, Litang Lv, Xiaofang Zeng, Fen Zhang, Yulu Chen, Weili Tian, Jianrong Li, Xiangyang Li, Yan Li
Summary: In this study, the biosynthesis mechanism of anthocyanins in purple-leaf tea plants was investigated using metabolomics and transcriptomics. Three glycosylated anthocyanins were identified and correlated transcription factors and structural genes were identified. Changes in the expression levels of these genes were found to promote purple-leaf coloration, providing candidate genes for breeding anthocyanin-rich cultivars.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Agronomy
Zhenbiao Li, Yingying Wei, Yangyang Xu, Peipei Han, Shu Jiang, Feng Xu, Hongfei Wang, Nengguo Tao, Xingfeng Shao
Summary: Terpinen-4-ol was found to maintain the quality of strawberry fruit by regulating sucrose metabolism and anthocyanin biosynthesis. Treatments led to higher levels of sucrose and fructose in the fruit, accompanied by decreased levels of α-D-glucose, β-D-glucose, and citric acid.
POSTHARVEST BIOLOGY AND TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Jinesh Patel, Rahul Chandnani, Sameer Khanal, Jeevan Adhikari, Nino Brown, Peng W. Chee, Don C. Jones, Andrew H. Paterson
Summary: This study improved cotton fiber quality by using chemically induced mutants, enhancing traits such as fiber length, strength, and uniformity. The mutants showed potential for fiber quality beyond the levels of current elite varieties.
INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yun-Hua Liu, Meiping Zhang, Sing-Hoi Sze, C. Wayne Smith, Hong-Bin Zhang
Summary: The molecular basis of plant breeding and the accumulation of favorable alleles of genes controlling objective traits were investigated in cotton. It was found that the accumulation of favorable alleles is the key to cotton breeding, and a breeding line with a fiber length of 33.8 mm could be further improved by up to 118% through gene-based breeding.
Article
Plant Sciences
Yuan Lu, Yao Yu, Yanfang Xuan, Ayiguli Kari, Caixia Yang, Chenyu Wang, Chao Zhang, Wei Gu, Hui Wang, Yingxiong Hu, Pingdong Sun, Yuan Guan, Wenshuai Si, Bing Bai, Xuecai Zhang, Yunbi Xu, Boddupalli M. Prasanna, Biao Shi, Hongjian Zheng
Summary: This study investigates the effects of light on the pigmentation of waxy maize kernels at both transcriptome and metabolome levels, and identifies the underlying regulatory mechanisms.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2023)
Review
Biology
Manamele Dannies Mashabela, Priscilla Masamba, Abidemi Paul Kappo
Summary: This article discusses the application of metabolomics and chemoinformatics in agricultural biotechnology, focusing on discovering biomarkers and identifying new metabolites to improve crop yield and stress tolerance through the analysis of plant metabolites.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Yanlong Liu, Xiaoyu Li, Hansheng Gong, Zhengli Guo, Caili Zhang
Summary: Freezing can extend the shelf life of sweet cherries, but thawing leads to fading and browning. Thawed cherries show decreased redness and chroma, decreased total phenols, and deformations in the micromorphology of the cherry skin.
LWT-FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Daniel Restrepo-Montoya, Amanda M. Hulse-Kemp, Jodi A. Scheffler, Candace H. Haigler, Lori L. Hinze, Janna Love, Richard G. Percy, Don C. Jones, James Frelichowski
Summary: This research analyzed the standardized cotton traits within the National Cotton Germplasm Collection and found significant associations between different groups, providing valuable information for further research and breeding.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2022)
Review
Plant Sciences
Fuyan Li, Yingying Gong, Annaliese S. Mason, Qian Liu, Juan Huang, Miao Ma, Meili Xiao, Huadong Wang, Donghui Fu
Summary: This review discusses the application and molecular regulation of anthocyanins in colorful Brassica crops, the creation of new germplasm resources, and the development and utilization of these crops. Brassica crops, including oilseed crops and vegetable types, have various colorful variants that offer both aesthetic appeal and advantages in terms of nutrition and stress resistance. This review provides a comprehensive overview of pigmentation in Brassica for the breeding and selection of new colorful varieties.
Review
Agronomy
Muhammad Anwar, Muhammad Zafar Iqbal, Aamir Ali Abro, Shabana Memon, Liaquat Ali Bhutto, Shamim Ara Memon, Yan Peng
Summary: Interspecific hybridization has played a significant role in the diversity, evolution, and domestication of upland cotton. However, reproductive barriers in later-generation hybrids have complicated the introgression of new genetic variations. Recent molecular genetic research has provided tools for accessing novel genes from wild and domesticated allotetraploid Gossypium for cotton improvement.
Article
Agronomy
Linyuan Duan, Bo Zhang, Guoli Dai, Xinru He, Xuan Zhou, Ting Huang, Xiaojie Liang, Jianhua Zhao, Ken Qin
Summary: Wolfberry is a small shrub with medicinal and edible properties, mainly available in red, purple, and yellow phenotypes. It is rich in flavonoids, which contribute to the diverse colors of plants. This study analyzed the metabolite and gene expression profiles of different colored wolfberries and identified the molecular mechanism underlying their color differences. The accumulation of bluish anthocyanins was found in purple wolfberries, while red and yellow wolfberries accumulated more yellowish flavonoids. Additionally, differentially expressed genes related to flavonoid synthesis and transcription factors were identified among wolfberries of different colors. These findings provide new insights into the molecular mechanism of fruit color differences in wolfberry and offer new ideas for molecular breeding.
Article
Plant Sciences
Wanli You, Jinglin Zhang, Xueyin Ru, Feng Xu, Zhengguo Wu, Peng Jin, Yonghua Zheng, Shifeng Cao
Summary: This study investigated the effect of calcium chloride (CaCl2) treatment on GABA accumulation in fresh-cut cantaloupe and the underlying mechanisms. The results showed that CaCl2 treatment increased GABA content and the activities of GAD and SSADH enzymes, while reducing glutamate content and GABA-T activity. Additionally, CaCl2 treatment upregulated the expressions of CmCML11 and CmCAMTA5, as well as several GABA shunt genes, through the transcriptional activation by CmCAMTA5. Furthermore, the interaction between CmCML11 and CmCAMTA5 enhanced the transcriptional activation of GABA shunt genes. Overall, this study reveals that CaCl2 treatment promotes GABA accumulation in fresh-cut cantaloupe through the combined effect of CmCML11 and CmCAMTA5 in regulating the expressions of GABA shunt genes.
PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY
(2024)
Article
Plant Sciences
Min Wang, Yupeng Wang, Xiaohui Wang, Guangwei Wei, Huiyi Yang, Xi Yang, Tinghai Shen, Huijie Qu, Sheng Fang, Ziming Wu
Summary: This study identified the high nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) black sesame variety 17-156 and analyzed its underlying physiological and molecular mechanisms. The results showed that 17-156 possesses a sophisticated nitrogen metabolizing machinery to uptake and assimilate higher quantities of inorganic nitrogen, simultaneously improving carbon metabolism and growth. Many important genes were up-regulated in 17-156 under high nitrogen condition. Additionally, 38 potential candidate genes were identified for future studies to improve sesame's NUE. These findings provide valuable resources for understanding the regulatory network of nitrogen metabolism and developing sesame cultivars with improved NUE.
PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY
(2024)
Article
Plant Sciences
He Dong, Chongmei Xu, Chengtao Zhang, Li Zhang, Yaqin Yao, Suiqi Zhang
Summary: The study found that short cells in maize leaves not only improve leaf mechanical support and photosynthetic performance, enhance drought resistance, but also participate in stomatal regulation.
PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY
(2024)
Article
Plant Sciences
Na Liu, Wenyan Shang, Mengxin Guan, Jibin Xiao, Guangxiang Tian, Baozhan Ma, Wenjing Shang, Xu Li, Shijia Zhao, Chuang Li, Kun Cheng, Wenming Zheng
Summary: This study cloned the full-length cDNA sequence of TaSPX3 gene in wheat and found that TaSPX3 responds to low phosphorus stress in multiple wheat genotypes. Overexpressing TaSPX3 can alleviate phosphorus deficiency symptoms and promote plant growth in Arabidopsis. The study also revealed the interaction of TaSPX3 with other genes related to the phosphorus starvation signaling pathway.
PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY
(2024)
Article
Plant Sciences
Kongyuan Wu, Lizhen Wang, Zihan Wu, Ziqing Liu, Zengfei Li, Jun Shen, Shengjie Shi, Hong Liu, Christopher Rensing, Renwei Feng
Summary: Selenium (Se) can reduce uptake and translocation of cadmium (Cd) in plants by regulating root morphology. This study investigated the effects of Se(IV) on root exudates, root morphology, root endogenous hormones, and Cd uptake efficiency in rice under Cd stress. The results showed that Se(IV) significantly reduced Cd concentrations in shoots and roots, and decreased Cd uptake efficiency via root hairs. Se(IV) also affected root morphology, root exudates, and the synthesis of hormones like IAA and JA. However, transcriptome analysis revealed no upregulated differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in IAA synthesis.
PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY
(2024)
Article
Plant Sciences
Di Wang, Huaifang Zhang, Xuefei Hu, Haizhen Zhang, Shuang Feng, Aimin Zhou
Summary: This study identified a cell number regulator gene called SlCNR8 in willow, which enhances resistance to trace metals in transgenic poplar seedlings. SlCNR8 reduces Cd uptake and accumulation, and can be used as a candidate gene for genetic improvement of phytostabilisation of trace metals.
PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY
(2024)