Review
Plant Sciences
Brett Hale, Alison M. R. Ferrie, Sreekala Chellamma, J. Pon Samuel, Gregory C. Phillips
Summary: Androgenesis is widely used in plant breeding programs to redirect cell fate and study cell cycle regulation, meiotic recombination, and embryogenesis. The focus has shifted from protocol development to understanding how protocols work in order to extend their application to other genotypes and species. Transcriptomic and epigenetic analyses have revealed cellular and molecular responses associated with androgenesis, and gene transfer and genome editing technologies show promise for enhancing the genetic composition of microspores used in breeding.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2022)
Review
Biology
Ricardo Mir, Antonio Calabuig-Serna, Jose M. Segui-Simarro
Summary: This review compiles the latest advances in doubled haploid plant production, the application of doubled haploid lines in breeding programs, and future perspectives for alternative technologies for doubled haploid generation in eggplant. Eggplant is globally cultivated for its edible fruit, and breeding programs aim to produce F1 hybrids by crossing highly homozygous pure lines. Doubled haploid individuals can be induced from haploid cells in a single generation, offering a more efficient alternative to traditional self crossing methods.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Byomkesh Dash, Sudhansu Sekhar Bhuyan, Sandeep Kumar Singh, Manjusha Chandravani, Nibedita Swain, Prachitara Rout, Jawahar Lal Katara, C. Parameswaran, B. N. Devanna, Sanghamitra Samantaray
Summary: Rice is crucial for global food security. This study developed an androgenic protocol for indica rice, contributing to yield improvement.
Article
Plant Sciences
Antonio Calabuig-Serna, Carolina Camacho-Fernandez, Ricardo Mir, Rosa Porcel, Esther Carrera, Isabel Lopez-Diaz, Jose M. Segui-Simarro
Summary: During eggplant microspore embryogenesis, the transition from embryos to calli instead of developing as true embryos is a bottleneck. Studies show that there are no genotype-specific endogenous GR profiles associated with a high embryogenic response. The role of GRs in the development of microspore-derived embryos in eggplant cultures is highlighted, with different GR accumulation patterns influencing the embryogenic response.
PLANT GROWTH REGULATION
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Yuqi Jiang, Jie Xu, Kairui Yue, Chao Huang, Mengting Qin, Dongyu Chi, Qixin Yu, Yue Zhu, Xiaohan Hou, Tongqiang Xu, Min Li, C. James Chou, Xiaoyang Li
Summary: The study focused on modifying HDAC inhibitors to deactivate the Michael reaction in order to improve their potency. Compound 11h showed significant improvements in both HDAC inhibitory activity and cell-based antitumor assay, demonstrating potential for clinical application and efficacy against AML.
JOURNAL OF MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Seung Hee Choi, Woo Seok Ahn, Myoung Hui Lee, Da Mon Jin, Areum Lee, Eun Yee Jie, Su Ji Ju, Sung Ju Ahn, Suk Weon Kim
Summary: Whole-plant regeneration through plant tissue culture is a complex process regulated by genetic and environmental factors. Epigenetic regulation has been found to play a crucial role in plant cell differentiation and pluripotency. In this study, the effects of epigenetic regulators on lettuce and tobacco protoplasts were tested, and it was found that these chemicals promoted cell division and callus formation. These findings suggest that these chemicals can be used to enhance plant regeneration and crop improvement.
Article
Horticulture
Jialei Ji, Henan Su, Wenxue Cao, Xiaoli Zhang, Hongrun Li, Zhiyuan Fang, Limei Yang, Yangyong Zhang, Mu Zhuang, Yong Wang, Vasiliy Taranov, Honghao Lv
Summary: In this study, QTL mapping was conducted using 109 DH lines derived from a cross between the highly embryogenic genotype 01-88 and the nonembryogenic genotype 02-12. The results showed that a QTL locus controlling cabbage embryogenesis ability was mapped to an interval of 57.4-58.4 Mb on chromosome C03. Furthermore, 12 genes with nonsynonymous mutations were identified in the candidate interval, with the DEFECTIVE KERNEL1 (DEK1) gene being identified as an important candidate gene. This study provides a foundation for cloning genes controlling cabbage microspore embryogenesis and the application of microspore culture technology in cabbage breeding on a large scale.
SCIENTIA HORTICULTURAE
(2023)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Meran Keshawa Ediriweera
Summary: Histone acetylation is a crucial epigenetic event and continues to be an area of great interest in biochemical research. The balance between histone acetyltransferases (HATs) and histone deacetylases (HDACs) is disrupted in various human cancers. Histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACi) have shown promising results in restoring dysregulated histone acetylation profiles and are considered as potential anti-cancer therapeutics. Recent studies have identified odd-chain fatty acids as novel HDACi, further expanding the understanding of fatty acids in cancer therapy.
DRUG DISCOVERY TODAY
(2023)
Review
Oncology
Robert Jenke, Nina Ressing, Finn K. Hansen, Achim Aigner, Thomas Buch
Summary: Epigenetic changes can drive cancer malignancy, while histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACis) hold promise as anticancer drugs due to their ability to target multiple pathways relevant to the disease.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Wanxin Wang, Peipei Huang, Wenshuang Dai, Huali Tang, Yuliang Qiu, Yanan Chang, Zhiyang Han, Xi Li, Lipu Du, Xingguo Ye, Cheng Zou, Ke Wang
Summary: Nicotinamide was used to enhance the efficiency of gene editing in wheat. The treatment resulted in a significant increase in mutation rate, reaching up to 36% for the GUS gene and 30.3% for the TaWaxy gene. Nicotinamide treatment also improved the efficiency of base editing experiment approximately threefold.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Ekta Shirbhate, Ravichandran Veerasamy, Sai H. S. Boddu, Amit K. Tiwari, Harish Rajak
Summary: One significant obstacle in cancer treatment is the decrease in drug efficacy and occurrence of adverse effects. Oncolytic viruses (OVs) have gained interest as a potential method to treat cancer due to their specificity for cancerous tissue and reduced likelihood of adverse effects. Clinical trials have shown that OVs have an acceptable safety profile and are effective in treating certain types of cancer, despite their limited availability. However, further advancements are needed to enhance tumor permeation and improve virus delivery in order to make oncolytic virotherapy more effective.
DRUG DISCOVERY TODAY
(2022)
Review
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Madhu Patial, Ruchi Chauhan, Harinder K. Chaudhary, Kallol K. Pramanick, Arun K. Shukla, Vishnu Kumar, Ramesh P. S. Verma
Summary: The development and improvement of biotechnological tools have greatly contributed to the progress in barley breeding program. The use of doubled haploids has significantly shortened the cultivar development time and has been widely used in various genetic studies. However, challenges such as low efficiency and genotypic specificity still need to be addressed.
CRITICAL REVIEWS IN BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Horticulture
Jiaqi Zou, Xiao Zou, Zhichao Gong, Gengxing Song, Jie Ren, Hui Feng
Summary: Curly kale, known for its rich nutrition and health benefits, is highly sought after and considered one of the healthiest vegetables. However, conventional breeding methods for this vegetable take a long time to produce homozygous inbred lines. In this study, the isolated microspore culture (IMC) technique was successfully used to accelerate the breeding cycle of curly kale through efficient cytokinin thidiazuron (TDZ) treatment. The results showed that 0.2 mg/L TDZ had the optimal effect on embryo survival and plant regeneration, significantly shortening the breeding cycle.
Article
Plant Sciences
Samira Tajedini, Baratali Fakheri, Mohsen Niazian, Nafiseh Mahdinezhad, Abdelbagi Mukhtar Ali Ghanim, Ali Kazemi Pour, Ivan Ingelbrecht, Mehran E. Shariatpanahi
Summary: Two different androgenesis pathways, shed-microspore culture (SMC) and anther culture (AC), were developed for haploid induction in mutagenized M-1 rice cultivars. The effects of various factors on induction and regeneration phases were evaluated. The SMC method showed better results in terms of the number of regenerated embryos. Chromosome counting and flow cytometry analysis confirmed the presence of haploid plants, providing a valuable foundation for rice breeding research.
JOURNAL OF PLANT GROWTH REGULATION
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Rakesh Kumar Sinha, Fengying Jiang, Francois Eudes
Summary: Overexpressing the RKD transcription factor using TALE proteins can significantly increase the expression of microspore embryogenesis associated genes, leading to higher production of haploid green plants. This method shows potential in improving double haploid (DH) production platform efficiency and understanding of related gene pathways.
SOUTH AFRICAN JOURNAL OF BOTANY
(2021)