Article
Immunology
Ana Victoria Ibarra-Meneses, Audrey Corbeil, Victoria Wagner, Francis Beaudry, Rubens L. do Monte-Neto, Christopher Fernandez-Prada
Summary: Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is a fatal tropical disease caused by Leishmania infantum. The lack of effective vaccine makes chemotherapy the only choice for treatment. However, drug resistance is becoming a major concern. In this study, a novel approach called thermal proteome profiling (TPP) was implemented to investigate the mode of action and resistance mechanisms of antileishmanial drugs, including antimony, miltefosine, and amphotericin B. The results provided insights into drug targets and candidate proteins involved in drug resistance, which could contribute to the development of diagnostic tools and new therapies.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Hye Won Lee, Jae Seung Lee, Sang Hoon Ahn
Summary: Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a major global health issue with progress in treatment but challenges remain. Antivirals do not directly target HBV DNA, leading to reactivation. New treatment strategies and drugs are under investigation.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Hematology
Karen Aymonnier, Charlotte Kawecki, Veronique Arocas, Yacine Boulaftali, Marie Christine Bouton
Summary: Hemostasis is a regulated process involving a balance between procoagulant and anticoagulant systems. Hemophilia, a well-known bleeding disorder, is caused by deficiencies in FVIII or FIX and recent studies suggest that targeting natural serpins could rebalance coagulation in hemophilia.
THROMBOSIS AND HAEMOSTASIS
(2021)
Article
Automation & Control Systems
Yaning Wang, Hui Wang, Defu Lin, Wei Wang
Summary: A modified bias proportional navigation guidance law with terminal acceleration constraint is proposed in this paper. By introducing a virtual planar coordinate system and using a modified bias term, the guidance law is able to intercept maneuvering targets in a desired attack angle.
JOURNAL OF THE FRANKLIN INSTITUTE-ENGINEERING AND APPLIED MATHEMATICS
(2022)
Article
Mathematical & Computational Biology
Shinsuke Ohnuki, Itsuki Ogawa, Kaori Itto-Nakama, Fachuang Lu, Ashish Ranjan, Mehdi Kabbage, Abraham Abera Gebre, Masao Yamashita, Sheena C. Li, Yoko Yashiroda, Satoshi Yoshida, Takeo Usui, Jeff S. Piotrowski, Brenda J. Andrews, Charles Boone, Grant W. Brown, John Ralph, Yoshikazu Ohya
Summary: This study developed a high-throughput platform for yeast morphological profiling, which can predict the intracellular targets of chemical compounds by comparing the dose-dependent morphological changes induced by the compound with the morphological changes in gene-deleted cells. The platform was successfully used to predict the mechanism of action of a novel compound and discover its antifungal properties.
NPJ SYSTEMS BIOLOGY AND APPLICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Benjamin Neuditschko, A. Paden King, Zhouyang Huang, Lukas Janker, Andrea Bileck, Yasmin Borutzki, Sierra C. Marker, Christopher Gerner, Justin J. Wilson, Samuel M. Meier-Menches
Summary: This study presents an improved approach for prioritizing candidate protein targets in inorganic drug discovery. It identifies TRIP as a first-in-class modulator of the scaffold protein NUBP2, disrupting Fe-S cluster biogenesis at sub-cytotoxic concentrations in ovarian cancer cells.
ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION
(2022)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Fahad Hussain Mohammed, Franz Cemic, Joergen Hemberger, Shibashish Giri
Summary: Epigenetic regions such as VEGF, EGFR, TGFb, DNMTs, HDAC1/2, and miRNA are innovative druggable targets for building a novel platform of drugs for preventive and regenerative skin health care. Clinical and preclinical trials are being conducted for skin regeneration using epigenetic-based small molecules. Epigenetic writers, eraser targets, and epigenetic readers will play a crucial role in skin regenerative therapy in the near future.
DRUG DISCOVERY TODAY
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Aerospace
Shuangxi Liu, Binbin Yan, Tong Zhang, Pei Dai, Ruifan Liu, Jie Yan
Summary: This paper proposes a three-dimensional adaptive sliding mode cooperative guidance law for effectively intercepting hypersonic targets using multiple low-speed interceptors. The guidance commands along and normal to the line-of-sight are designed to achieve simultaneous interception of the targets and progressive convergence to zero at interception. Numerical simulations demonstrate the superiority and effectiveness of the proposed guidance law.
AEROSPACE SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Stephen O. Duke, Zhiqiang Pan, Amar G. Chittiboyina, Daniel R. Swale, Thomas C. Sparks
Summary: New insecticide modes of action are needed for resistance management. The number of molecular targets in commercial herbicides and insecticides is limited. Some compounds have shared activities as herbicides and insecticides through the same target site. Other compounds with novel herbicide targets shared by insects are also discussed. Compounds with dual herbicidal and insecticidal effects can be used for non-crop pests or resistant crops.
PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Aerospace
Zhe Hu, Liang Xiao, Jun Guan, Wenjun Yi, Hongqiao Yin, E. Jiaqiang
Summary: This paper presents a novel guidance law based on a reinforcement learning algorithm, using a deep deterministic policy gradient descent neural network to solve the maneuvering target interception problem. By training the neural network, real-time guidance commands can be generated, resulting in better performance and accuracy.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF AEROSPACE ENGINEERING
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Amelie Vogt, Sabrina Wohlfart, Stephan Urban, Walter Mier
Summary: The article discusses the issue of coinfection with hepatitis B and D viruses and the latest developments in treatment, emphasizing the importance of understanding the viral lifecycle in the development of new therapies.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Byunghee Yoo, Alana Ross, Pamela Pantazopoulos, Zdravka Medarova
Summary: RNA interference is a promising therapeutic approach for cancer treatment due to its potency, versatility, and modularity. The use of RNAi-targeted therapeutics, such as MN-anti-miR10b, has shown promising results in inhibiting metastatic progression and regression of established metastases in animal models. This research marks a step towards translating similar RNAi-targeted therapeutics for treating metastatic diseases systemically.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Andrea Iannello, Alessia Ciarrocchi, Valentina Fragliasso, Tiziana Vaisitti
Summary: The Human Genome Project in 2001 revealed the complexity of DNA structure and transcriptional regulation, with a focus on the role of non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in hematological malignancies.
Article
Polymer Science
Sagar Ghimire, Martina Rodriguez Sala, Swetha Chandrasekaran, Grigorios Raptopoulos, Marcus Worsley, Patrina Paraskevopoulou, Nicholas Leventis, Firouzeh Sabri
Summary: Medical implants are commonly tracked using MRI, X-ray, and ultrasound, with ultrasound being the safest method. This paper presents the development of two ultrasound-based image analysis techniques to enhance the study of biological tissues and different types of aerogel implants.
Letter
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Yasir Waheed
Summary: The Global Health Sector Strategy on viral hepatitis has set targets for 2020 and 2030, but the current efforts fall short of these targets, requiring intensified efforts to fight against hepatitis.
WORLD JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Physics, Particles & Fields
Andrei Linde
JOURNAL OF HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS
(2020)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Renata Kallosh, Andrei Linde, Timm Wrase, Yusuke Yamada
Summary: Sequestered inflation models are developed where inflation occurs along flat directions in supergravity models derived from type IIB string theory. By using flux potentials and nilpotent multiplets, the flat directions are lifted to phenomenological inflationary plateau potentials. The masses of heavy fields and the volume of extra dimensions change during inflation, but this does not affect the inflationary dynamics.
FORTSCHRITTE DER PHYSIK-PROGRESS OF PHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Renata Kallosh, Andrei Linde, Timm Wrase, Yusuke Yamada
Summary: Researchers constructed supergravity models that allow the separation of inflation phenomenology from Planckian energy scale physics, using two steps to achieve this goal.
FORTSCHRITTE DER PHYSIK-PROGRESS OF PHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Niccolo Cribiori, Renata Kallosh, Andrei Linde, Christoph Roupec
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Renata Kallosh, Andrei Linde
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Nelson R. F. Braga, Octavio C. Junqueira
Summary: This study investigates the influence of rotation on the transition temperature of strongly interacting matter produced in non-central heavy ion collisions. By using a holographic description of an AdS black hole, the authors extend the analysis to the more realistic case where the matter spreads over a region around the rotational axis. The results show the coexistence of confined and deconfined phases and are consistent with the concept of local temperature in rotating frames developed by Tolman and Ehrenfest.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Bing Sun, Jiachen An, Zhoujian Cao
Summary: This paper investigates the effect of gravitational constant variation on the propagation of gravitational waves. By employing two analytical methods, the study finds that variations in the gravitational constant result in amplitude and phase corrections for gravitational waves, and the time variation of the gravitational constant can be constrained through the propagation of gravitational waves.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Abdellah Touati, Zaim Slimane
Summary: This letter presents the first study of Hawking radiation as a tunneling process within the framework of non-commutative gauge theory of gravity. The non-commutative Schwarzschild black hole is reconstructed using the Seiberg-Witten map and the star product. The emission spectrum of outgoing massless particles is computed using the quantum tunneling mechanism. The results reveal pure thermal radiation in the low-frequency scenario, but a deviation from pure thermal radiation in the high-frequency scenario due to energy conservation. It is also found that noncommutativity enhances the correlations between successively emitted particles.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Shahar Hod
Summary: The travel times of light signals between two antipodal points on a compact star's surface are calculated for two different trajectories. It is shown that, for highly dense stars, the longer trajectory along the surface may have a shorter travel time as measured by asymptotic observers. A critical value of the dimensionless density-area parameter is determined for constant density stars to distinguish cases where crossing through the star's center or following a semi-circular trajectory on the surface has a shorter travel time as measured by asymptotic observers.
