Analysis of graphene based miniaturized terahertz patch antennas for single band and dual band operation

In this paper, a new approach to achieve dual-band operation from single band Graphene patch antennas has been presented. An attempt is made to design both rectangular and circular Graphene patch antennas operating around 5.5THz using the mathematical formulas of Graphene conductivity on Teflon(epsilon(r)= 2.1) substrates. Both the designed antennas have very good antenna parameters with the rectangular patch having S-11 as good as -65.32dB, VSWR of 1.001, percentage BW of 3.96% and the circular patch having S-11 of -48.88dB, VSWR of 1.007 and percentage BW of 4.21%. A dual-band operation is achieved by using two different materials, i.e. Si (epsilon(r)= 11.9) and Teflon(epsilon(r)= 2.1) at a single substrate layer underlying the Graphene patch for both types of antennas. For single and dual-band operation, circular patch possesses better antenna Gain and Radiation efficiency than the rectangular one. By changing the length ratio of the two substrate materials, multi-band operation is also achieved for both antennas. Thus the approach is independent of patch shapes.