Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Natja Launbo, Emilie H. Zobel, Bernt Johan von Scholten, Kristine Faerch, Peter G. Jorgensen, Regitse H. Christensen
Summary: This systematic review and meta-analysis found that exercise, diet, bariatric surgery, and pharmaceutical interventions can reduce cardiac adipose tissue volume. The study included 34 studies, with evidence supporting the effectiveness of these interventions.
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Lucia Recinella, Barbara De Filippis, Maria Loreta Libero, Alessandra Ammazzalorso, Annalisa Chiavaroli, Giustino Orlando, Claudio Ferrante, Letizia Giampietro, Serena Veschi, Alessandro Cama, Federica Mannino, Irene Gasparo, Alessandra Bitto, Rosa Amoroso, Luigi Brunetti, Sheila Leone
Summary: The effects of four new PPAR ligands on inflammation and oxidative stress were investigated, and one of them showed potential as a valuable pharmacological tool.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Maria Carmen Carceller, Maria Isabel Guillen, Maria Luisa Gil, Maria Jose Alcaraz
Summary: The study investigated the anti-inflammatory effects of mouse-derived adipose tissue stem cell secretome on mouse-derived peritoneal macrophages stimulated with LPS, showing a reduction in inflammatory response and modulation of macrophage activity.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Gemma Carreras-Badosa, Ariadna Gomez-Vilarrubla, Berta Mas-Pares, Silvia Xargay-Torrent, Anna Prats-Puig, Elsa Puerto-Carranza, Francis de Zegher, Lourdes Ibanez, Judit Bassols, Abel Lopez-Bermejo
Summary: GDF-15 is positively associated with immunoglobulin levels in apparently healthy children, especially in those with higher body mass index or renal fat accumulation, suggesting a potential role of GDF-15 in regulating the immune adaptive system in human obesity.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Jessica Latorre, Jordi Mayneris-Perxachs, Nuria Oliveras-Canellas, Francisco Ortega, Ferran Comas, Jose Manuel Fernandez-Real, Jose Maria Moreno-Navarrete
Summary: This study investigated the role of CDO1 gene expression in adipose tissue and found that higher CDO1 expression was associated with improved metabolic profiles, decreased fasting triglycerides and blood HbA1c levels, as well as gene expression markers of adipocyte function and inflammation in both visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissue.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Baoqiang Guo, Xenia Sawkulycz, Nima Heidari, Ralph Rogers, Donghui Liu, Mark Slevin
Summary: The study of MFAT demonstrates that micro-fragmented adipose tissue from different samples can induce the formation of mesenchymal stem cells. The secretions of cytokines from MFAT samples have effects including anti-inflammatory, pro-regeneration, anti-scarring, pro-angiogenesis, and anti-bacterial properties. MFAT in different samples show varying effects on angiogenesis and inflammation.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Zachary LaRussa, Hsuan-Chih N. Kuo, Kathryn West, Zhijun Shen, Kevin Wisniewski, Patrick Tso, Karen T. T. Coschigano, Chunmin C. C. Lo
Summary: Dietary lipids induce apolipoprotein A4 (APOA4) production and brown adipose tissue (BAT) thermogenesis, which can be further enhanced by exogenous APOA4. However, chronic high-fat diet (HFD) feeding attenuates the production of APOA4 and BAT thermogenesis. This study shows that overexpression of APOA4 in the small intestine and maintenance of elevated plasma APOA4 level lead to increased BAT thermogenesis and protection against HFD-induced obesity in mice.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Tian Xiao, Laurens van Kleef, M. Kamran Ikram, Robert De Knegt, M. Arfan Ikram
Summary: The study found no significant association between nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and fibrosis with an increased risk for incident dementia among the elderly. In fact, NAFLD was even protective in the first 5 years of follow-up before dementia onset.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Chao Zhang, Jonathan Salamon, Ren Zhang
Summary: This study investigated the relationship between fibrinogen and tissue plasminogen activator levels and changes in adipose tissue, finding that tissue plasminogen activator levels were more affected during weight loss, while fibrinogen levels remained relatively stable.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Wenjuan Mu, Shuwen Qian, Yanjue Song, Lijie Yang, Saisai Song, Qiqi Yang, Hao Liu, Yang Liu, Dongning Pan, Yan Tang, Qi-Qun Tang
Summary: Loss of bone morphogenetic protein 4 (BMP4) in perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) leads to reduced brown adipocyte-characteristic gene expression and increased endothelial inflammation, exacerbating atherosclerosis in ApoE-/- mice. Conversely, overexpression of BMP4 in adipose tissues promotes browning of PVAT and protects against atherosclerosis. These findings highlight the importance of organ crosstalk between PVAT and blood endothelial cells in the development of atherosclerosis.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Trine Baur Opstad, Bianca Papotti, Sissel Akra, Charlotte Holst Hansen, Bjorn Braathen, Theis Tonnessen, Svein Solheim, Ingebjorg Seljeflot
Summary: The study found that the levels of SIRT1 and NAMPT were similar in patients with CHD and controls. In CHD patients, SIRT1 and NAMPT were inter-correlated in all adipose tissue compartments and differently expressed between compartments, with the highest expression in SAT. Circulating SIRT1 and NAMPT levels were inversely associated. SIRT1 expression was inversely associated with IL-18 in EAT and SAT, while NAMPT expression was positively associated with NLRP3 inflammasome-related markers in all compartments.
JOURNAL OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Chemistry, Medicinal
Kwang-Hoon Chun
Summary: Adipose tissue plays crucial roles in energy storage, hormone secretion, and temperature regulation. Mice are widely used in metabolic studies, but the diversity and characteristics of adipose tissue have not been comprehensively summarized yet.
ARCHIVES OF PHARMACAL RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Oscar Osorio-Conles, Amanda Jimenez, Ainitze Ibarzabal, Jose Maria Balibrea, Ana de Hollanda, Josep Vidal
Summary: This study found that the impact of type 2 diabetes mellitus on limited weight loss after bariatric surgery is controversial. The study revealed that type 2 diabetes is associated with a 5% lesser mid-term weight loss. Additionally, dysregulated expression of the ATG7 gene in subcutaneous adipose tissue may contribute to limited weight loss after surgery.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Birgitta W. van der Kolk, Maheswary Muniandy, Dorota Kaminska, Marcus Alvarez, Arthur Ko, Zong Miao, Armand Valsesia, Dominique Langin, Maija Vaittinen, Mirva Paakkonen, Riikka Jokinen, Sanna Kaye, Sini Heinonen, Kirsi A. Virtanen, Daniel P. Andersson, Ville Mannisto, Wim H. Saris, Arne Astrup, Mikael Ryden, Ellen E. Blaak, Paivi Pajukanta, Jussi Pihlajamaki, Kirsi H. Pietilainen
Summary: This study investigated the changes in subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) mitochondria following diet-induced and bariatric surgery-induced weight-loss interventions in 4 independent weight-loss studies. The results showed that diet-induced weight loss led to downregulation of oxidative phosphorylation genes, while surgery-induced weight loss led to upregulation of these genes, providing insights into potential molecular targets for weight-loss success.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Jussara J. Simao, Maysa M. Cruz, Fernanda M. Abdala, Andressa Bolsoni-Lopes, Lucia Armelin-Correa, Maria Isabel C. Alonso-Vale
Summary: The study demonstrates that palmitoleic acid (n7) can alleviate or prevent low-grade chronic inflammation caused by obesity by inducing adipocyte differentiation and reducing the expression of inflammatory cytokines.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Amanda L. Sharpe, Marta Trzeciak, Nicole L. Eliason, Harris E. Blankenship, Bre' Ana M. Byrd, Phillip D. Douglas, Willard M. Freeman, Michael J. Beckstead
Summary: The study reveals that the expression of GLAST and CRF2 in astrocytes in the SN/VTA is significantly affected by psychostimulant drugs, which may influence neurotransmission and related behaviors.
Article
Cell Biology
Bumsoo Ahn, Rojina Ranjit, Parker Kneis, Hongyang Xu, Katarzyna M. Piekarz, Willard M. Freeman, Michael Kinter, Arlan Richardson, Qitao Ran, Susan V. Brooks, Holly Van Remmen
Summary: The study aimed to determine the impact of mitochondrial hydrogen peroxide on muscle aging and contractile dysfunction. Results showed that muscle-specific overexpression of mPRDX3 can reduce mitochondrial H2O2 generation, improve mitochondrial function, and mitigate loss of muscle quantity and quality, despite the persistence of neuromuscular junction impairment.
Article
Neurosciences
Sarah R. Ocanas, Victor A. Ansere, Kyla B. Tooley, Niran Hadad, Ana J. Chucair-Elliott, David R. Stanford, Shannon Rice, Benjamin Wronowski, Kevin D. Pham, Jessica M. Hoffman, Steven N. Austad, Michael B. Stout, Willard M. Freeman
Summary: Common neurological disorders, such as Alzheimer's disease, multiple sclerosis, and autism, show significant sex differences in prevalence and clinical presentation. However, the role of sex differences in the brain is often overlooked in experimental models. This study used a mouse model to uncover the regulatory effects of sex chromosomes, independent of gonadal sex, on gene expression and DNA modification in the hippocampus.
MOLECULAR NEUROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Sarah R. Ocanas, Kevin D. Pham, Harris E. Blankenship, Adeline H. Machalinski, Ana J. Chucair-Elliott, Willard M. Freeman
Summary: Modern molecular and biochemical neuroscience studies often require the analysis of specific cellular populations derived from brain tissue samples. This is especially true for minority glial populations such as microglia, which may not be easily detected in whole tissue analyses. Mouse microglia were purified using different methods to compare their performance, with similar outcomes in terms of purity but differences in cell yield and isolation time. It was found that ex vivo activation signatures occurred during tissue dissociation and cell preparation, rather than the cell sorting process. The activation phenotype could be minimized by using inhibitors or conducting non-enzymatic dissociation at low temperatures. These findings suggest that a variety of microglial isolation approaches can be used depending on experimental needs, and inhibitors can effectively reduce cell preparation artifacts.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Samim Ali Mondal, Roshini Sathiaseelan, Shivani N. Mann, Maria Kamal, Wenyi Luo, Tatiana D. Saccon, Jose V. V. Isola, Frederick F. Peelor III, Tiangang Li, Willard M. Freeman, Benjamin F. Miller, Michael B. Stout
Summary: The naturally occurring diastereomer of 17β-estradiol, 17α-estradiol, can reduce liver fibrosis by suppressing hepatic stellate cell activation and enhancing collagen degradation mechanisms.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-ENDOCRINOLOGY AND METABOLISM
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Sarah R. Ocanas, Victor A. Ansere, Collyn M. Kellogg, Jose V. V. Isola, Ana J. Chucair-Elliott, Willard M. Freeman
Summary: Biological sex influences neurodegenerative diseases through genetic and hormonal mechanisms. Microglial reactivity and the pro-inflammatory environment of the aging brain are influenced by sex, age, and disease state. Further research is needed to understand the regulation of microglial sex effects and develop sex-informed prevention and treatment strategies for brain diseases.
BRAIN RESEARCH BULLETIN
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Sabira Mohammed, Nidheesh Thadathil, Phoebe Ohene-Marfo, Albert L. Tran, Michael Van Der Veldt, Constantin Georgescu, Sangphil Oh, Evan H. Nicklas, Dawei Wang, Nair Hariprasad Haritha, Wenyi Luo, Ralf Janknecht, Benjamin F. Miller, Jonathan D. Wren, Willard M. Freeman, Sathyaseelan S. Deepa
Summary: Blocking necroptosis reduces inflammation and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in a mouse model of diet-induced HCC, particularly in male mice, suggesting necroptosis as a potential therapeutic target for NAFLD-mediated HCC.
MOLECULAR CANCER RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Joni K. K. Beck, Rebecca A. A. Allen, Kathryn M. M. Jeter, Rachel S. S. Fisher, Taylor M. M. Dattilo, Katherine A. A. Traino, Michael Anderson, James Cutler, David P. P. Sparling
Summary: Real-time continuous glucose monitoring (rtCGM) has direct benefits in improving patient outcomes and reducing healthcare costs. This study evaluated the clinical benefits of rtCGM in a high-risk, under-resourced group of adolescents and young adults with type 1 diabetes. The use of rtCGM significantly decreased healthcare events and A1c levels, leading to potential cost-savings.
PEDIATRIC DIABETES
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Sarah R. Ocanas, Jose V. V. Isola, Tatiana D. Saccon, Kevin D. Pham, Ana J. Chucair-Elliott, Augusto Schneider, Willard M. Freeman, Michael B. Stout
Summary: Assessing cell-type-specific epigenomic and transcriptomic changes are key to understanding ovarian aging. The optimization of TRAP and INTACT methods were performed using a transgenic NuTRAP mouse model to study the ovarian transcriptome and epigenome in specific cell types.
JOVE-JOURNAL OF VISUALIZED EXPERIMENTS
(2023)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Michael B. B. Stout, Kelli L. L. Vaughan, Jose V. V. Isola, Shivani N. N. Mann, Bayli Wellman, Jessica M. M. Hoffman, Hunter L. L. Porter, Willard M. M. Freeman, Julie A. A. Mattison
Summary: Recent studies have shown that 17 alpha-estradiol can extend the healthspan and lifespan of male mice through multiple mechanisms, making it a potential candidate for translation into humans. However, there is currently no established dosing paradigm for the treatment of aging and chronic disease in humans. This study aimed to assess the tolerability of 17 alpha-estradiol treatment and evaluate metabolic and endocrine responses in male rhesus macaque monkeys during a short treatment period. The results showed that the dosing regimens were well-tolerated and had mild benefits on metabolic parameters, but significant feminization effects were observed.
Article
Immunology
Sarah R. Ocanas, Kevin D. Pham, Jillian E. J. Cox, Alex W. Keck, Sunghwan Ko, Felix A. Ampadu, Hunter L. Porter, Victor A. Ansere, Adam Kulpa, Collyn M. Kellogg, Adeline H. Machalinski, Manu A. Thomas, Zsabre Wright, Ana J. Chucair-Elliott, Willard M. Freeman
Summary: This study compared the transcriptome and translatome of hippocampal microglia between young and old mice and found sex differences in microglial gene expression. In old age, these differences were primarily female-biased and enriched in markers of senescence and disease. These findings may explain the differences in susceptibility and disease progression in Alzheimer's disease between males and females. Further studies are needed to explore the role of sex differences in microglial heterogeneity and the involvement of sex-specific regulators in response to Alzheimer's pathology.
JOURNAL OF NEUROINFLAMMATION
(2023)
Review
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Victor A. Ansere, Matthew P. Bubak, Benjamin F. Miller, Willard M. Freeman
Summary: Experimental approaches like Heterochronic Plasma Transfer (HPT) are important tools for studying aging, but they have limitations and design challenges. This review provides insights into the considerations and caveats of HPT as a research tool, including plasma preparation, administration route, dosing regimen, and appropriate controls, to assist investigators in achieving their experimental goals.
REJUVENATION RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Collyn M. Kellogg, Kevin Pham, Adeline H. Machalinski, Hunter L. Porter, Harris E. Blankenship, Kyla B. Tooley, Michael B. Stout, Heather C. Rice, Amanda L. Sharpe, Michael J. Beckstead, Ana J. Chucair-Elliott, Sarah R. Ocanas, Willard M. Freeman
Summary: This study reveals that microglia are the primary source of MHC-I in mice and humans, with its expression increasing with aging and in Alzheimer's disease. The expression of Lilrs and Pilrs, MHC-I binding receptor families, also increases with aging and AD. These findings suggest the possibility of cell-autonomous MHC-I signaling in regulating microglial reactivation and neurodegeneration.
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Ramasamy Selvarani, Hoang Van Michelle Nguyen, Nidheesh Thadathil, Roman F. Wolf, Willard M. Freeman, Christopher D. Wiley, Sathyaseelan S. Deepa, Arlan Richardson
Summary: This study utilized knockin mouse models to investigate the impact of necroptosis-induced chronic inflammation on aging and age-related diseases. The findings revealed a significant association between increased necroptosis, inflammation, and various age-related pathological changes.
Meeting Abstract
Ophthalmology
Ana J. Chucair-Elliott, Sarah Ocanas, Kevin Pham, Michael Van der Veldt, Ashley Cheyney, David Stanford, Michael H. Elliott, Willard Freeman
INVESTIGATIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY & VISUAL SCIENCE
(2022)