Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Varinderpal S. Dhillon, Permal Deo, Ann Chua, Phil Thomas, Michael Fenech
Summary: The study investigated the relationship between red blood cell fatty acid status and lymphocyte telomere length (LTL) in 174 healthy older South Australians. Results showed that saturated and monounsaturated fatty acids were negatively associated with LTL, while polyunsaturated fatty acids, particularly arachidonic acid (C20:4n-6), were positively correlated with LTL. Further research is warranted into the significant association of fatty acids, especially C20:4n-6, with telomere length.
JOURNALS OF GERONTOLOGY SERIES A-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES AND MEDICAL SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Kai Wang, Yueyang Zhong, Fangkun Yang, Chenyang Hu, Xin Liu, Yanan Zhu, Ke Yao
Summary: Genetic evidence shows that circulating linoleic acid (LA) is protective against AMD, while circulating arachidonic acid (AA) increases the risk of AMD. The findings are consistent across different analyses, suggesting robust causal associations.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Kai Wang, Yueyang Zhong, Fangkun Yang, Chenyang Hu, Xin Liu, Yanan Zhu, Ke Yao
Summary: The study found that circulating linoleic acid (LA) accounted for the protective effects of n-6 PUFAs against age-related macular degeneration (AMD), while arachidonic acid (AA) was associated with an increased risk of AMD.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2021)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Ruohan Wang, Ying Feng, Jiahe Chen, Yingjiao Chen, Fang Ma
Summary: The intake of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) is only slightly associated with infertility risk. Higher docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) intake is associated with a lower risk of infertility, while higher intake of alpha-linolenic acid (ALA) and linoleic acid (LA) is associated with a higher risk of primary infertility.
FRONTIERS IN PUBLIC HEALTH
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Melanie Gsoellpointner, Margarita Thanhaeuser, Fabian Eibensteiner, Robin Ristl, Bernd Jilma, Renate Fuiko, Sophia Brandstetter, Angelika Berger, Nadja Haiden
Summary: This study analyzed the intake of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) during complementary feeding (CF) in very low birth weight (VLBW) infants and its impact on neurodevelopment. The results showed that higher intake of total PUFAs, docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), and arachidonic acid (AA) was associated with improved cognitive and motor function at 12 months of age. However, the dietary intake of AA and DHA did not meet the recommended levels, highlighting the need to increase PUFA, DHA, and AA intake during CF for better neurodevelopmental outcomes in VLBW infants.
Article
Microbiology
Heng Zhao, Yong Nie, Yang Jiang, Shi Wang, Tian-Yu Zhang, Xiao-Yong Liu
Summary: This study provides high-quality genome data for two Mortierellaceae fungal species, and compares the genomes of 19 strains from different species. New types of fatty acid synthase enzymes are discovered, and the accumulation of arachidonic acid is found to be associated with specific enzymes. These findings lay the foundation for modulating the yield of polyunsaturated fatty acids.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Lucas Taoro-Gonzalez, Daniel Pereda, Catalina Valdes-Baizabal, Miriam Gonzalez-Gomez, Jose A. Perez, Fatima Mesa-Herrera, Ana Canerina-Amaro, Herminia Perez-Gonzalez, Covadonga Rodriguez, Mario Diaz, Raquel Marin
Summary: Recent findings suggest that changes in brain lipid composition during aging can affect the integrity and protein signaling of lipid rafts, leading to memory impairment. However, a n-3 LCPUFA-enriched diet has been shown to improve cognitive function and stabilize the lipid composition of hippocampal lipid rafts in aged mice. These findings suggest that n-3 LCPUFA supplementation may have a rejuvenating effect on the microenvironment of lipid rafts, enhancing cognitive performance.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Tomoaki Okada, Toru Miyoshi, Masayuki Doi, Kosuke Seiyama, Wataru Takagi, Masahiro Sogo, Kazumasa Nosaka, Masahiko Takahashi, Keisuke Okawa, Hiroshi Ito
Summary: This study aimed to retrospectively investigate the 10-year trend of changes in polyunsaturated fatty acids in patients with acute coronary syndrome, revealing a secular decreasing trend in EPA and DHA levels, but not in AA and DGLA levels. The decreasing trend in EPA and DHA levels was not age-dependent and remained significant only in men, highlighting the need for further research on the effects of n-3 PUFAs on secondary prevention of ACS.
Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Huidan Zhang, Weijian Wan, Qiu Cui, Xiaojin Song
Summary: This study presents a modular engineering approach that systematically eliminates metabolic bottlenecks in the production of arachidonic acid (ARA). By dividing the elongase/desaturase pathway in Mortierella alpina into push and pull modules, combinatorial optimization was performed to balance the production and consumption of intermediate metabolites. The engineered strain MA5 achieved a significant increase in ARA yield, with a final titer of 4.4 g L-1 in shake-flask fermentation.
JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Emma N. Taylor, Manfred Beckmann, Glyn Hewinson, David Rooke, Luis A. J. Mur, Ad P. Koets
Summary: This study identified biomarkers for MAP infections using metabolomic approach and highlighted the role of fatty acyls and fatty acid metabolism pathway. The results demonstrate the validity of metabolomic approach in studying MAP infections.
VETERINARY RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Beth A. MacIntosh, Christopher E. Ramsden, Gilson Honvoh, Keturah R. Faurot, Olafur S. Palsson, Angela D. Johnston, Chanee Lynch, Paula Anderson, Daria Igudesman, Daisy Zamora, Mark Horowitz, Susan Gaylord, John D. Mann
Summary: This study aimed to change the dietary structure of migraine patients, and the results showed a significant increase in n-3 EPA+DHA intake in the high n-3 PUFA diet group and low n-6 PUFA diet group at 16 weeks, while the intake in the control group remained unchanged. The LA intake in the H3 and control groups did not change significantly during this period, while the n-6 LA intake in the H3L6 group decreased significantly.
CLINICAL NUTRITION
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Toshiaki Sueyasu, Keisuke Yasumoto, Hisanori Tokuda, Yoshihisa Kaneda, Hidenori Obata, Tomohiro Rogi, Takayuki Izumo, Sumio Kondo, Jiro Saito, Takashi Tsukiura, Masaaki Nakai
Summary: Long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFAs) and lutein (L) and zeaxanthin (Z) can improve brain function. This study aimed to determine if LCPUFAs + LZ-supplemented food could improve memory function. The results showed that LCPUFAs + LZ supplementation improved memory function in healthy older individuals with cognitive decline.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
K. A. Boeckman, A. von Stumpff, W. Bernhard, A. Shunova, M. Minarski, B. Frisch, S. Warmann, E. Schleicher, C. F. Poets, A. R. Franz
Summary: This study found that in preterm infants, the levels of ARA and DHA in adipose tissue and blood were lower, while linoleic acid (LA) levels were higher. This may be due to nutritional issues in preterm infants.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NUTRITION
(2021)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Sheyla Priscila Oliveira do Nascimento, Ana Paula Ribeiro da Silva, Aline Silva de Sant'ana, Benedito Ribeiro Rodrigues, Cedenir Pereira Quadros, Salete Alves de Moraes, Raquel Guidetti Vendruscolo, Roger Wagner, Wagner Pereira Felix, Evaristo Jorge Oliveira de Souza, Daniel Ribeiro Menezes
Summary: Bioactive fatty acids in goat milk can reduce the risk of coronary heart disease. The inclusion of condensed tannins (CT) can increase the level of bioactive fatty acids in milk while reducing harmful substances.
TROPICAL ANIMAL HEALTH AND PRODUCTION
(2022)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Jinpeng Wang, Xiao Yu, Kaifeng Wang, Lu Lin, Hu-Hu Liu, Rodrigo Ledesma-Amaro, Xiao-Jun Ji
Summary: This study explored the optimal biosynthetic pathways for customized production of co6-PUFAs in Y. lipolytica and effectively increased the proportions of co6-PUFAs in total fatty acids through various strategies. The customized strains synthesized GLA, DGLA, and ARA with high titers, providing valuable insights into the production of functional co6-PUFAs.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Adham Fani Maleki, Giulia Cisbani, Nataly Laflamme, Paul Prefontaine, Marie-Michele Plante, Joanie Baillargeon, Manu Rangachari, Jean Gosselin, Serge Rivest
Summary: Muramyl dipeptide (MDP) activates the NOD2 receptor and demonstrates selective immunomodulatory and therapeutic effects in mouse models of multiple sclerosis (MS), delaying disease onset and reducing infiltration of leukocytes into the CNS. The NOD2 receptor plays a critical role in MDP-mediated resistance to experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), indicating the potential for developing NOD2 agonist-based medications for MS in the future.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Giulia Cisbani, Richard P. Bazinet
Summary: This review synthesizes the current knowledge on circulating fatty acids as biomarkers for Alzheimer's disease (AD). While some fatty acids appear to be modulated during disease progression, discrepant results have been reported in the literature, indicating the need for further validation and method standardization. However, fatty acid analyses have the potential to provide valuable data to inform the pathology and progression of AD.
PROSTAGLANDINS LEUKOTRIENES AND ESSENTIAL FATTY ACIDS
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Kwang-Mook Jung, Lin Lin, Daniele Piomelli
Summary: The endocannabinoid system plays a crucial role in regulating physiological functions in mammalian organs, especially in the adipose organ. Abnormal endocannabinoid activity is associated with obesity, and normalizing this activity may be a potential therapeutic approach. Further research into the roles played by the endocannabinoid system in the adipose organ is needed to gain new insights into the pathogenesis of obesity.
REVIEWS IN ENDOCRINE & METABOLIC DISORDERS
(2022)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Giulia Cisbani, Silvia Poggini, Nataly Laflamme, Vincent Pons, Marie-Eve Tremblay, Igor Branchi, Serge Rivest
Summary: The study aimed to phenotype the behavior of cuprizone-fed mice using the automated system Intellicage. The results consistently showed reduced activity and impulsivity in cuprizone-fed mice. This suggests that behavioral phenotyping using Intellicage is reproducible and sensitive in detecting changes missed by standard behavioral tests.
BEHAVIOURAL BRAIN RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Shoug Alashmali, Chelsey Walchuk, Chris Cadonic, Benedict C. Albensi, Michel Aliani, Miyoung Suh
Summary: Choline supplementation during gestation has benefits for spatial memory but minor contributions to retina function. Larger sample size studies are needed to confirm the essentiality of choline for retina development.
NUTRITIONAL NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Alex Mabou Tagne, Yannick Fotio, Lin Lin, Erica Squire, Faizy Ahmed, Tarif Ibne Rashid, Elnaz Karimian Azari, Daniele Piomelli
Summary: This study found that full-spectrum hemp oil extract (HOE) has modest analgesic effects when administered alone, while the combination with the anti-inflammatory and analgesic agent palmitoylethanolamide (PEA) produces a greater-than-additive alleviation of pain-related behaviors. Co-administration of HOE enhances and prolongs systemic exposure to PEA, supporting the possible beneficial effects of using HOE in combination with PEA to treat acute and chronic pain.
PHARMACOLOGICAL RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Manar Abduljalil Bakhsh, Jomana Khawandanah, Rouba Khalil Naaman, Shoug Alashmali
Summary: The study found that during the COVID-19 lockdown, approximately 40% and 45% of participants reported eating more and snacking more, leading to weight gain in around 28%. Most participants reported consuming home-cooked (73%) and healthy meals (47%), with only 7% reporting consuming food from restaurants.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Mackenzie E. Smith, Giulia Cisbani, Adam H. Metherel, Richard P. Bazinet
Summary: The study revealed that de novo lipogenesis from dietary sugars is a compensatory mechanism to maintain brain palmitic acid, especially under low PAM diet conditions. Additionally, there were differences in the ability to regulate DNL in the liver and brain based on sex, while anxiety-like behaviors were correlated with markers of LP diet consumption.
JOURNAL OF NEUROCHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Giulia Cisbani, Alex Koppel, Adam H. Metherel, Mackenzie E. Smith, Kankana N. Aji, Ana C. Andreazza, Romina Mizrahi, Richard P. Bazinet
Summary: Cannabis use is associated with increased fatty acid metabolism, as indicated by higher levels of saturated and monounsaturated fatty acids in the serum of cannabis users compared to nonusers. The elevated lipogenic activity in cannabis users may be influenced by the endocannabinoid 2-arachidonoylglycerol, which could activate the cannabinoid receptor 1. However, further studies are needed to confirm these findings and control for dietary intake.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Mathieu Di Miceli, Maud Martinat, Moira Rossitto, Agnes Aubert, Shoug Alashmali, Clementine Bosch-Bouju, Xavier Fioramonti, Corinne Joffre, Richard P. Bazinet, Sophie Laye
Summary: Long-chain (LC) n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) have been studied in the field of neuropsychiatric disorders, particularly depression. The effect of LC n-3 PUFA supplementation on behavior and synaptic plasticity was investigated in mice exposed to chronic social defeat stress (CSDS). The results showed that LC n-3 PUFA supplementation influenced the fatty acid profile in the NAc, altered emotional behavior and synaptic plasticity, and promoted resilience, independently of CSDS.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Baian A. Baattaiah, Haya S. Zedan, Arwa S. Almasaudi, Shoug Alashmali, Monira Aldhahi
Summary: This study found that postpartum fatigue could lower the physical activity levels of postpartum women, particularly leading to less walking activity and longer sitting duration. High fatigue severity was associated with lower moderate physical activity and vigorous physical activity.
BMC PREGNANCY AND CHILDBIRTH
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Shoug Alashmali, Arwa S. Almasaudi, Haya S. Zedan, Baian A. Baattaiah, Yazed Alashmali
Summary: Previous studies have shown that consuming dairy products during pregnancy is associated with a reduction in postpartum depression symptoms. However, the effect of consuming dairy products after childbirth on postpartum depression is not fully understood. This study evaluated the effects of dairy products and nutrient intake after childbirth on the risk of postpartum depression. The results suggest that while there may appear to be an increased risk of postpartum depression with higher intake of dairy products and other nutrients, there is no significant association after considering confounding factors.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Shoug Alashmali, Elham Aljaaly
Summary: This study evaluated the quality of breakfast among female adolescents in Saudi Arabia using a multiple-method approach. The majority of female adolescents consume poor-quality breakfast, mostly sweets and sweetened beverages. Future education programs on healthy breakfast options should be implemented among this population.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Lin Lin, Alex Mabou Tagne, Erica N. Squire, Hye-Lim Lee, Yannick Fotio, Jade Ramirez, Mimi Zheng, Alexa Torrens, Faizy Ahmed, Raul Ramos, Maksim V. Plikus, Daniele Piomelli
Summary: This study found that long-term exposure to a high-fat diet inhibits fasting-induced histamine release into portal blood and histamine-dependent OEA production in the liver. Administration of OEA under a high-fat diet reduces lipid accumulation, inflammatory responses, and fibrosis in the liver. The results suggest that disruption of histamine-dependent OEA signaling in the liver might contribute to the pathology of obesity-associated liver steatosis.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Alexa Torrens, Pritam Roy, Lin Lin, Cindy Vu, Dakota Grimes, Victoria C. Inshishian, Johanna S. Montesinos, Faizy Ahmed, Stephen V. Mahler, Marylin A. Huestis, Aditi Das, Daniele Piomelli
Summary: This study provides a comparative analysis of the pharmacokinetic properties of THC in adolescent and adult rats of both sexes, revealing multiple age and sex differences in the distribution and metabolism of THC.
CANNABIS AND CANNABINOID RESEARCH
(2022)