Article
Physiology
Kevin Caen, Silvia Pogliaghi, Maarten Lievens, Kobe Vermeire, Jan G. Bourgois, Jan Boone
Summary: This study showed that RCP derived from RI exercise and LT2 obtained from SI exercise are equally accurate in determining the power output associated with MLSS. While confirming the suitability of RI and SI tests for this purpose, the study also emphasized the importance of appropriate threshold method selection and expert judgment.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Sport Sciences
Ian M. Taylor, Summer Whiteley, Richard A. Ferguson
Summary: The present study examined the relationship between desire-goal conflict and physiological factors during endurance exercise. The results showed that the desire to reduce effort increased with shifts in blood lactate concentration, while performance goal value shifted at the second lactate threshold. Within-person variations in blood lactate concentration had a greater influence on motivation compared to heart rate.
SCANDINAVIAN JOURNAL OF MEDICINE & SCIENCE IN SPORTS
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Pim Knuiman, Sam Straw, John Gierula, Aaron Koshy, Lee D. Roberts, Klaus K. Witte, Carrie Ferguson, Thomas Scott Bowen
Summary: The study quantified the relationship between distinct mitochondrial respiratory states and exercise limitation in HFrEF patients, finding that mitochondrial ETS capacity could explain over 50% of variability in V̇O2peak. This data provides potential mitochondrial targets to alleviate exercise limitations in HFrEF.
Article
Sport Sciences
Francesca Anselmi, Luna Cavigli, Antonio Pagliaro, Serafina Valente, Francesca Valentini, Matteo Cameli, Marta Focardi, Nicola Mochi, Paul Dendale, Dominique Hansen, Marco Bonifazi, Martin Halle, Flavio D'Ascenzi
Summary: The study found that the recommended exercise intensity definition based on percentages of peak HR and peak VO2 may misclassify the effective exercise intensity. Using a ventilatory threshold-based approach may be more suitable for defining an appropriate level of exercise intensity, especially in cardiac patients.
SCANDINAVIAN JOURNAL OF MEDICINE & SCIENCE IN SPORTS
(2021)
Article
Physiology
Gil Bourgois, Alessandro L. L. Colosio, Kevin Caen, Jan G. G. Bourgois, Patrick Mucci, Jan Boone
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the effects of acute heat exposure on respiratory and lactate thresholds in two commonly used incremental exercise test protocols. The results showed that lactate thresholds decreased in hot conditions, while respiratory thresholds remained relatively stable. There was also considerable individual variation in the sensitivity to heat exposure.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Sport Sciences
Sebastian Keller, Christian Manunzio, Patrick Wahl
Summary: This study compared the applicability of step test, lactate minimum (LM) test, and reverse lactate threshold (RLT) test protocols with maximal lactate steady state (MLSS) in free-swimming. The results showed that incremental step tests with fixed step duration and fine increments had higher accuracy and practicality compared to LM and RLT tests.
JOURNAL OF SCIENCE AND MEDICINE IN SPORT
(2022)
Article
Sport Sciences
Pasquale J. Succi, Taylor K. Dinyer, M. Travis Byrd, Caleb C. Voskuil, Haley C. Bergstrom
Summary: This study aims to apply the critical power model to estimate the critical V?o(2) and compare it with other parameters. The results showed that the critical V?o(2) was higher than other parameters, indicating that it represents the highest metabolic steady state that can be maintained without fatigue. Therefore, this study is important for researchers and coaches to examine the metabolic cost of endurance exercise and the inefficiency associated with the V?o(2) slow component.
JOURNAL OF STRENGTH AND CONDITIONING RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Doowon Lee, Ju-Yeon Son, Hyo-Myeong Ju, Ji-Hee Won, Seung-Bo Park, Woo-Hwi Yang
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the impact of low-intensity exercise of different durations on recovery ability in adults, with the findings suggesting that engaging in at least 1 hour of low-intensity exercise can improve recovery ability.
Article
Physiology
So-Young Park, Woo-Hwi Yang
Summary: This study investigated the impact of high-intensity interval cardio yoga and traditional interval hatha yoga on cardiometabolic fitness in physically active adults. The results showed that high-intensity interval cardio yoga improved cardiovascular adaptation, oxidative capacity, and metabolic flexibility compared to traditional interval hatha yoga.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Sport Sciences
Yanchun Li, Jia Li, Muhammed M. Atakan, Zhenhuan Wang, Yang Hu, Mostafa Nazif, Navabeh Zarekookandeh, Henry Zhihong Ye, Jujiao Kuang, Alessandra Ferri, Aaron Petersen, Andrew Garnham, David J. Bishop, Olivier Girard, Yaru Huang, Xu Yan
Summary: The study aimed to compare the effects of high-intensity interval exercise (HIIE) sessions based on maximal and submaximal values derived from graded exercise tests (GXTs) in normoxia and hypoxia. The results showed that HIIE sessions performed in hypoxia had a smaller impact on heart rate and oxygen uptake percentage, but resulted in higher blood lactate concentrations.
JOURNAL OF EXERCISE SCIENCE & FITNESS
(2022)
Article
Education, Scientific Disciplines
Serena Trang, Felipe Mattioni Maturana, Juan M. Murias, Michael R. Herbert, Daniel A. Keir
Summary: In exercise physiology, laboratory components are crucial for applying theoretical concepts to personal exercise experiences and introducing data collection and analysis. The gas exchange threshold (GET) and the respiratory compensation point (RCP) are key exercise thresholds that require proper identification. However, the processing and preparation of data have been time-consuming and challenging for students. This article presents a blended laboratory model featuring the Exercise Thresholds App, which provides immediate feedback and eliminates the need for data postprocessing, allowing students to practice threshold identification skills.
ADVANCES IN PHYSIOLOGY EDUCATION
(2023)
Article
Physiology
Kyoung Jae Kim, Eric Rivas, Brian Prejean, Dillon Frisco, Millennia Young, Meghan Downs
Summary: The automated analysis method for determining VT1 and VT2 has been shown to be statistically equivalent to subjective visual analysis, providing a time-efficient and valid option. Females demonstrated lower absolute O2 uptake, work rate, and ventilation compared to males, reaching VT1 and VT2 at an earlier relative peak VO2 percentage.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Guilherme Correa De Araujo Moury Fernandes, Jose G. G. Barbosa Junior, Aldo Seffrin, Lavinia Vivan, Claudio A. B. de Lira, Rodrigo L. Vancini, Katja Weiss, Beat Knechtle, Marilia S. Andrade
Summary: This study compared the differences in ventilatory threshold, respiratory compensation point, and maximal aerobic speed between male and female triathletes in an Olympic triathlon race. The results showed that male athletes had significantly higher maximal oxygen uptake and maximal aerobic speed compared to female athletes, but there were no gender differences in the percentage of maximal oxygen uptake reached at the ventilatory threshold and respiratory compensation point. The average race speed did not differ between sexes, but female athletes ran at a higher percentage of speed at the respiratory compensation point.
Article
Physiology
Kevin Caen, Jan G. Bourgois, Eva Stassijns, Jan Boone
Summary: The study revealed that whole-body thresholds (CP/MLSS/RCP) demonstrated better consistency and reliability, while local thresholds (m[HHb](BP)/iEMG(BP)) exhibited higher variability and did not consistently coincide with the whole-body thresholds. Most thresholds evolved independently of each other over time.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Sport Sciences
Shu-Shih Hsieh, Ting-Yu Chueh, Chung-Ju Huang, Shih-Chun Kao, Charles H. Hillman, Yu-Kai Chang, Tsung-Min Hung
Summary: Research shows that acute bouts of HIIT have a positive effect on inhibition in children/adolescents and adults, and that chronic HIIT benefits inhibition and working memory in children. Future research should focus on chronic interventions, middle-aged and older adults, and examine working memory and cognitive flexibility in executive function.
JOURNAL OF SPORTS SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Sport Sciences
Rafael de Almeida Azevedo, Marcos David Silva-Cavalcante, Ramon Cruz, Patricia Couto, Adriano E. Lima-Silva, Romulo Bertuzzi
Summary: The study examined the impact of different pacing profiles on perceptual responses and neuromuscular fatigue after a 4-km cycling time trial. Despite no differences in time trial performance, cyclists with distinct pacing profiles showed similar changes in perceived exertion, oxygen uptake, heart rate, and neuromuscular fatigue. This suggests that endurance athletes with similar training status may exhibit comparable responses and fatigue development regardless of their spontaneously adopted pacing strategy.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF SPORT SCIENCE
(2022)
Review
Sport Sciences
Daniel A. Keir, Danilo Iannetta, Felipe Mattioni Maturana, John M. Kowalchuk, Juan M. Murias
Summary: This article highlights the importance of non-invasive identification of lactate threshold and respiratory compensation point during incremental exercise through pulmonary gas exchange and ventilatory variables. It also provides practical strategies for explaining the physiological mechanisms, identifying thresholds, and addressing related issues, as well as an online tool for practice and data analysis.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Y. B. Somani, R. N. Soares, J. Gosalia, J. M. Delgado, M. Flanagan, S. Basu, D. B. Kim-Shapiro, J. M. Murias, D. N. Proctor
Summary: The onset of menopause and changes to ovarian hormones often lead to endothelial dysfunction in women. A study showed that acute dietary nitrate supplementation can improve endothelial function and reduce the magnitude of endothelial dysfunction caused by ischemia-reperfusion injury in healthy, early postmenopausal women.
APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY NUTRITION AND METABOLISM
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Rafael A. Azevedo, Delbar Jazayeri, Samuel T. Yeung, Rojan Khoshreza, Guillaume Y. Millet, Juan Murias, Saied J. Aboodarda
Summary: Experiencing pain in one leg can decrease exercise tolerance and neuromuscular fatigue development in the contralateral leg. However, the effects of nonlocal experimental pain induced by blood flow occlusion on corticospinal modulation remain unknown. This study found that 25% maximal voluntary contraction (25%IMVC) duration was the shortest during blood flow occlusion, and the decline in maximal voluntary contraction was smaller compared to cycling exercise, indicating that pain reduces exercise performance. Additionally, transcranial magnetic stimulations revealed the modulation of the nervous system in response to pain stimulation.
APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY NUTRITION AND METABOLISM
(2022)
Article
Physiology
Danilo Iannetta, Jenny Zhang, Juan M. Murias, Saied Jalal Aboodarda
Summary: This study evaluated the extent of peripheral and central fatigue, and corresponding perceptual attributes, at task failure following cycling within different exercise intensity domains. The findings demonstrate that the extent of peripheral fatigue is highly domain-specific, whereas the extent of central fatigue is not. Sensations such as fatigue, pain, and dyspnea demonstrated intensity domain specificity and might have contributed to reaching maximal levels of perceived effort and, thus, task failure.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Austin T. Beever, Andrea Y. Zhuang, Saied Jalal Aboodarda, Juan M. Murias, Martin J. MacInnis
Summary: Hypoxia has a negative impact on aerobic exercise, but exercise testing in hypoxic conditions has not been extensively studied. This research investigated the effects of simulated altitude on gas exchange threshold, respiratory compensation point, and maximal oxygen uptake. The findings suggest that mild simulated altitude affects maximal oxygen uptake and peak power output significantly, while gas exchange threshold and respiratory compensation point remain unchanged. Moderate altitude decreases all four variables.
APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY NUTRITION AND METABOLISM
(2022)
Article
Physiology
Hilkka Kontro, Craig Bertagnolli, Juan M. Murias, Martin J. MacInnis
Summary: The study found that an elevated COHb concentration intensified physiological responses to exercise at the MLSS and reduced the MLSS in trained individuals. Lower effective [Hb] due to CO inhalation decreased V?O2peak and MLSS performance, with higher aerobic fitness associated with greater impairments.
EXPERIMENTAL PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Sport Sciences
Cody R. Van Rassel, Oluwatimilehin O. Ajayi, Kate M. Sales, Rafael A. Azevedo, Juan M. Murias, Martin J. Macinnis
Summary: The study aimed to determine whether a modified SRS protocol could predict the running speed and power associated with the MMSS. The results showed that the SRS-MMSS running power accurately predicted the MMSS and could be measured in a single laboratory visit.
MEDICINE & SCIENCE IN SPORTS & EXERCISE
(2023)
Article
Education, Scientific Disciplines
Serena Trang, Felipe Mattioni Maturana, Juan M. Murias, Michael R. Herbert, Daniel A. Keir
Summary: In exercise physiology, laboratory components are crucial for applying theoretical concepts to personal exercise experiences and introducing data collection and analysis. The gas exchange threshold (GET) and the respiratory compensation point (RCP) are key exercise thresholds that require proper identification. However, the processing and preparation of data have been time-consuming and challenging for students. This article presents a blended laboratory model featuring the Exercise Thresholds App, which provides immediate feedback and eliminates the need for data postprocessing, allowing students to practice threshold identification skills.
ADVANCES IN PHYSIOLOGY EDUCATION
(2023)
Article
Physiology
Rafael de Almeida Azevedo, Pablo R. Fleitas-Paniagua, Mackenzie Trpcic, Danilo Iannetta, Guillaume Y. Millet, Juan M. Murias
Summary: The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of different ramp-incremental (RI) slopes on fatigability and recovery in females and males. The results showed that gender had no significant effect on performance fatigability and recovery, and different RI slopes did not alter the level of performance fatigability at task failure.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Physiology
Pablo R. Fleitas-Paniagua, Rafael de Almeida Azevedo, Mackenzie Trpcic, Juan M. Murias, Bruce Rogers
Summary: Detrended fluctuation analysis (DFA a1), an index of heart rate variability (HRV), has been of interest as a surrogate marker for exercise intensity boundaries. This report examined the behavior of heart rate variability thresholds (HRVT) across different ramp incremental slopes. The study found that the cycling ramp slope did not have a significant effect on HRVT1 and HRVT2 in terms of heart rate (HR) or VO2.
PHYSIOLOGICAL REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Physiology
Alessandro Moura Zagatto, Vithor Hugo Fialho Lopes, Yago Medeiros Dutra, Rodrigo Araujo Bonetti de Poli, Eimear Dolan, Letizia Rasica, Juan M. Murias, Paulo Henrique Silva Marques de Azevedo
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the effects of sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) ingestion on constant load cycling performance and neuromuscular fatigue. The results showed that NaHCO3 ingestion did not affect performance or indicators of neuromuscular fatigue. However, participants performed better when they were informed that they were ingesting an ergogenic supplement, suggesting a placebo effect may contribute to the apparent ergogenic effect of NaHCO3.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biology
P. G. Couto, M. D. Silva-Cavalcante, B. Mezencio, R. A. Azevedo, R. Cruz, R. Bertuzzi, A. E. Lima-Silva, M. A. P. D. Kiss
Summary: This study examined the effects of caffeine ingestion on endurance performance and neuromuscular fatigue during closed- and open-loop exercises. The results showed that caffeine improved endurance performance in both exercise modes and did not affect central and peripheral fatigue development.
BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL AND BIOLOGICAL RESEARCH
(2022)