Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Henry N. Ginsberg, Neil J. Hounslow, Yusuke Senko, Hideki Suganami, Pawel Bogdanski, Richard Ceska, Akos Kalina, Roman A. Libis, Tatiana V. Supryadkina, G. Kees Hovingh
Summary: K-877, a selective PPAR alpha modulator, shows safety, tolerability, and efficacy in European patients with hypertriglyceridemia.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Hidekatsu Yanai, Hisayuki Katsuyama, Mariko Hakoshima
Summary: The effects of pemafibrate, a novel selective PPAR alpha modulator, on metabolic parameters in patients with dyslipidemia were studied. The results showed significant improvements in lipid levels, liver function, HbA1c, and serum uric acid after the start of pemafibrate.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Weibei Sheng, Qichang Wang, Haotian Qin, Siyang Cao, Yihao Wei, Jian Weng, Fei Yu, Hui Zeng
Summary: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common degenerative joint disease that is exacerbated by population aging, resulting in a significant economic burden. Current therapies are inadequate, but research on peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) shows promise in slowing OA progression. PPARs have emerged as potential targets for effective OA treatments.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Yukino Katakura, Masashi Shimoda, Mana Ohnishi, Takashi Kusano, Kazunori Dan, Hayato Isobe, Ryo Wamata, Yuichiro Iwamoto, Yoshiro Fushimi, Junpei Sanada, Atsushi Obata, Tomohiko Kimura, Fuminori Tatsumi, Shuhei Nakanishi, Tomoatsu Mune, Kohei Kaku, Hideaki Kaneto
Summary: This study evaluated the efficacy and safety of pemafibrate in hypertriglyceridemia patients. The results showed that pemafibrate significantly reduced triglyceride levels and improved lipoprotein metabolism without causing liver or kidney damage or rhabdomyolysis.
NUTRITION METABOLISM AND CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Oncology
William A. Stokes, Madhusmita Behera, Renjian Jiang, David A. Gutman, Zhonglu Huang, Abigail Burns, Nikhil T. Sebastian, Vidula Sukhatme, Michael C. Lowe, Suresh S. Ramalingam, Vikas P. Sukhatme, Drew Moghanaki
Summary: This study found that fibrates as an adjunct to immune checkpoint inhibitors can improve overall survival in patients with non-small cell lung cancer. This observation supports the potential role of fibrates in immunotherapy.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Henry N. Ginsberg, Neil J. Hounslow, Yusuke Senko, Hideki Suganami, Pawel Bogdanski, Richard Ceska, Akos Kalina, Roman A. Libis, Tatiana Supryadkina, G. Kees Hovingh
Summary: The study evaluated the safety, tolerability, and efficacy of pemafibrate in European patients with hypertriglyceridemia on statin treatment, demonstrating that pemafibrate is effective, safe, and well-tolerated for reducing triglyceride levels.
Review
Cell Biology
Iason Psilopatis, Kleio Vrettou, Florian Nima Fleckenstein, Stamatios Theocharis
Summary: Preeclampsia is a common hypertensive disorder in pregnancy, and PPARs play a significant role in its pathophysiology. Studies have shown contradictory conclusions regarding PPAR expression in preeclamptic placentae, but PPAR gamma agonists have been identified as a novel and potent anti-preeclamptic treatment option.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Iason Psilopatis, Kleio Vrettou, Constantinos Troungos, Stamatios Theocharis
Summary: Endometrial carcinoma is the most common malignant tumor of the female genital tract in the United States. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) are nuclear receptor proteins which regulate gene expression. In our literature review of 27 relevant studies published between 2000 and 2023, it was found that PPAR alpha and PPAR beta/delta isoforms were upregulated in endometrial cancer cells, while PPAR gamma levels were significantly lower. Interestingly, PPAR agonists were found to be potent anti-cancer therapeutic alternatives. Overall, PPARs seem to play a significant role in endometrial cancer.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Hidekatsu Yanai, Hiroki Adachi, Mariko Hakoshima, Hisayuki Katsuyama
Summary: Studies have shown that statins effectively lower levels of LDL-C and reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease. However, a significant proportion of patients still experience residual cardiovascular risk even after treatment with statins. Factors such as elevated triglycerides, low HDL-C, obesity/insulin resistance, and diabetes are believed to contribute to this residual risk. Understanding the molecular and biological mechanisms behind statin residual cardiovascular risk can help identify potential treatment strategies to further reduce this risk.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Shizuya Yamashita, Manfredi Rizzo, Ta-Chen Su, Daisaku Masuda
Summary: Statins, ezetimibe, and PCSK9 inhibitors can lower LDL-C levels and reduce cardiovascular events, but residual risk factors like hypertriglyceridemia and low HDL-C still exist. Fibrates, nicotinic acids, and n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids can be used to treat these risk factors.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Shan Zhang, Yanru You, Yachong Li, Hairui Yuan, Jie Zhou, Lijie Tian, Ying Liu, Baoli Wang, Endong Zhu
Summary: Foxk1 promotes adipocyte differentiation by facilitating nuclear translocation and upregulating the transcriptional activity of the Ppar gamma 2 promoter.
Article
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Shizuya Yamashita, Mitsuyo Okazaki, Takeshi Okada, Daisaku Masuda, Koutaro Yokote, Hidenori Arai, Eiichi Araki, Shun Ishibashi
Summary: The study established a method to evaluate lipid concentrations, size, and particle numbers of lipoprotein subclasses using GP-HPLC and compared the results with NMR. The study found that GP-HPLC provided more accurate evaluation of lipoprotein particle numbers compared to NMR, suggesting its potential use in assessing the effects of lipid-lowering drugs on lipoprotein subclasses.
JOURNAL OF ATHEROSCLEROSIS AND THROMBOSIS
(2021)
Review
Chemistry, Medicinal
Enrico D'Aniello, Pietro Amodeo, Rosa Maria Vitale
Summary: This review provides an overview of discovery, optimization, and structure-activity relationship studies on PPAR modulators from marine sources, as well as the structural and computational studies that led to their identification and/or elucidation, and rationalization of their mechanisms of action.
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Mohammad Zarei, David Aguilar-Recarte, Xavier Palomer, Manuel Vazquez-Carrera
Summary: NAFLD is a chronic liver disease characterized by lipid deposits in hepatocytes, with peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) beta/delta playing a crucial role in controlling liver carbohydrate and lipid metabolism to potentially hinder NAFLD progression. Activation of hepatic PPAR beta/delta through synthetic or natural ligands shows promise as a therapeutic option for managing NAFLD.
METABOLISM-CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Akihiro Honda, Shotaro Kamata, Makoto Akahane, Yui Machida, Kie Uchii, Yui Shiiyama, Yuki Habu, Saeka Miyawaki, Chihiro Kaneko, Takuji Oyama, Isao Ishii
Summary: This study investigated the selectivity of different PPAR subtype agonists for metabolic disease treatment, revealing that fibrates can activate all PPAR subtypes. Structural analysis of PPAR delta/gamma in complex with fibrates provides a molecular basis for their potential application beyond dyslipidemia treatment.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Letter
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Minoru Yamada, Jae-Young Lim, Prasert Assantachai, Tomoki Tanaka, Miji Kim, Sang Yoon Lee, Wee-Shiong Lim, Hidenori Arai
GERIATRICS & GERONTOLOGY INTERNATIONAL
(2022)
Letter
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Shu Zhang, Rei Otsuka, Yukiko Nishita, Hiroshi Shimokata, Hidenori Arai
GERIATRICS & GERONTOLOGY INTERNATIONAL
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Akihiro Hirashiki, Atsuya Shimizu, Noriyuki Suzuki, Kenichiro Nomoto, Manabu Kokubo, Taiki Sugimoto, Kakeru Hashimoto, Kenji Sato, Takashi Sakurai, Toyoaki Murohara, Yukihiko Washimi, Hidenori Arai
Summary: Cerebral white matter hyperintensity (WMH) is associated with frailty and exercise capacity in older adults with cardiovascular disease (CVD).
INTERNATIONAL HEART JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Social Work
Yoshihisa Hirakawa, Kaoruko Aita, Mitsunori Nishikawa, Hidenori Arai, Hisayuki Miura
Summary: Completing advance care planning for older COPD patients living alone presents challenges such as information sharing, patient readiness, desired place of death, economic constraints, and care at the time of and after death. Social work knowledge and skills are crucial in facilitating the completion of ACP for this population.
JOURNAL OF SOCIAL WORK IN END-OF-LIFE & PALLIATIVE CARE
(2022)
Letter
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Kaori Kinoshita, Shosuke Satake, Kenta Murotani, Jiaqi Li, Mikako Yasuoka, Hidenori Arai
GERIATRICS & GERONTOLOGY INTERNATIONAL
(2023)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Susumu Sato, Shinjiro Miyazaki, Akira Tamaki, Yoshihiro Yoshimura, Hidenori Arai, Dai Fujiwara, Hideki Katsura, Atsuyoshi Kawagoshi, Ryo Kozu, Keisuke Maeda, Sumito Ogawa, Jun Ueki, Hidetaka Wakabayashi
Summary: Respiratory sarcopenia, characterized by respiratory muscle weakness and decreased respiratory muscle mass, is an important condition that has not been adequately evaluated in clinical practice. This position paper provides an overview of the basic knowledge, diagnostic and assessment methods, mechanisms, involvement in respiratory diseases, intervention and treatment methods, and future perspectives on respiratory sarcopenia. The consensus on respiratory sarcopenia is also summarized, with recommendations for evaluating respiratory muscle strength and mass. Further research is needed to establish cutoff values for defining decreased respiratory muscle mass.
GERIATRICS & GERONTOLOGY INTERNATIONAL
(2023)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Yuto Nakao, Koki Kawamura, Taku Iwase, Aiko Osawa, Shinichiro Maeshima, Hidenori Arai
GERIATRICS & GERONTOLOGY INTERNATIONAL
(2023)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Mihoko Ogita, Mika Okura, Ryo Katayose, Naomi Miyamatsu, Hidenori Arai
Summary: This study aimed to examine the association between participation in health and frailty check-ups and functional outcomes and mortality among Japanese community-dwelling older adults. The results showed that long-term care and mortality risks were significantly lower among those aged <75 years who used health screening. In those aged >= 75 years, the risk for long-term care was lower in individuals participating in both health and frailty check-ups and in those who participated in the frailty check-ups only.
GERIATRICS & GERONTOLOGY INTERNATIONAL
(2023)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Tomoki Tanaka, Hirohiko Hirano, Kazunori Ikebe, Takayuki Ueda, Masanori Iwasaki, Maki Shirobe, Shunsuke Minakuchi, Masahiro Akishita, Hidenori Arai, Katsuya Iijima
Summary: To assess oral frailty in older adults, a five-item checklist called OF-5 was developed and found to have predictive validity for physical frailty, physical disability, and mortality.
GERIATRICS & GERONTOLOGY INTERNATIONAL
(2023)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Wei-Min Chu, Hsin-En Ho, Chih-Jung Yeh, James Cheng-Chung Wei, Hidenori Arai, Meng-Chih Lee
Summary: This study explores the association between multimorbidity patterns with/ without frailty and future mortality among Taiwanese middle-aged and older adults. Frailty plays an important role in mortality among middle-aged and older adults with distinct multimorbidity patterns.
GERIATRICS & GERONTOLOGY INTERNATIONAL
(2023)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Shinichiro Maeshima, Aiko Osawa, Koki Kawamura, Takako Yoshimura, Eri Otaka, Yayoi Sato, Ikue Ueda, Naoki Itoh, Izumi Kondo, Hidenori Arai
Summary: The study investigated assessment tools used by dementia specialists, reasons for their use, and related factors. Most specialists use neuropsychological tests for diagnosis and to assess behavioral and psychological symptoms. Screening tools like the Hasegawa Dementia Scale-Revised and Mini-Mental State Examination are commonly used, while direct assessments include the Mini-Mental State Examination, Clock Drawing Test, and Cube Copying Test. Quality of life and care burden assessments are less common in clinical practice.
GERIATRICS & GERONTOLOGY INTERNATIONAL
(2023)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Sayuri Sable-Morita, Saiko Sugiura, Hirokazu Suzuki, Hideki Fukuoka, Yasumoto Matsui, Hidenori Arai
Summary: This study aimed to clarify the relationship between frailty and the senses of sight, hearing, smell, and taste. Olfactory impairment had the strongest correlation with frailty. Although the sense of smell decreases with disease and aging, olfactory impairment may be correlated with frailty as a symptom of neurodegenerative diseases.
GERIATRICS & GERONTOLOGY INTERNATIONAL
(2023)
Letter
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Yasuhiro Yamaguchi, Jiro Okochi, Tomohiko Urano, Takae Ebihara, Takafumi Kadono, Hidenori Arai, Katsuya Iijima, Shinya Ishii, Masafumi Kuzuya, Hiromi Rakugi, Masahiro Akishita, Kentaro Higashi, Koichi Kozaki
GERIATRICS & GERONTOLOGY INTERNATIONAL
(2023)
Letter
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Minoru Yamada, Hidenori Arai
GERIATRICS & GERONTOLOGY INTERNATIONAL
(2023)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Wei-Min Chu, Yukiko Nishita, Chikako Tange, Shu Zhang, Kanae Furuya, Hiroshi Shimokata, Meng-Chih Lee, Hidenori Arai, Rei Otsuka
Summary: Smoking, especially when combined with secondhand smoke exposure, is associated with future physical frailty among older adults.
GERIATRICS & GERONTOLOGY INTERNATIONAL
(2023)