Article
Energy & Fuels
Nicolas Spiegl, Xiangyi Long, Cesar Berrueco, Nigel Paterson, Marcos Millan
Summary: A novel process has been developed to isolate a concentrated stream of CO2 from the exhaust of a power station by operating a fluidized bed gasifier with pure O2 and recycled CO2. By combining CO2 capture with the use of biomass, net negative emissions can be achieved. Co-processing biomass with lignite can further improve overall process performance.
Review
Energy & Fuels
Prateek Gururani, Pooja Bhatnagar, Bhawna Bisht, Krishna Kumar Jaiswal, Vinod Kumar, Sanjay Kumar, Mikhail S. Vlaskin, Anatoly V. Grigorenko, Kirill G. Rindin
Summary: Thermochemical methods offer a promising solution for managing sludge by converting it into bio-fuel through processes such as pyrolysis, gasification, and hydrothermal liquefaction. This review highlights the working mechanisms of these processes, their efficiency in sludge conversion, and the potential challenges and future prospects. Hydrothermal liquefaction has shown to be more efficient than other thermochemical technologies in producing high yields of bio-fuel from sludge.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Lekha Dhote, Jerusha Ganduri, Sunil Kumar
Summary: The direct disposal of distillery sludge in water streams creates a major environmental problem. This study found that mixing distillery sludge and bio-compost with coal samples in a specific ratio can serve as an efficient alternative fuel source. The pyrolysis and gasification processes produced high-quality char, bio-oil, and syngas, with the highest hydrogen gas production among all other substrates. This method has the potential to reduce dependency on traditional non-renewable fuel sources.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Ali Bakhtyari, Roghayeh Bardool, Mohammad Reza Rahimpour, Adolfo Iulianelli
Summary: Green and efficient routes for sustainable chemical and energy delivery are in high demand. An enhanced membrane-assisted dehydration reactor has been proposed to convert bio-alcohols without the need for a water purification unit, resulting in intensified process and improved conversion. The study includes feasibility analysis, sensitivity analysis, and optimization to maximize conversion and product yields.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Leonardo Iannuzzi, Jorge Antonio Hilbert, Electo Eduardo Silva Lora
Summary: This paper aims to establish the first Energy and Life Cycle Analysis (LCA) comparison between buses with internal combustion engine in Rosario, Argentina, and technological alternatives with electrical engines powered by compressed hydrogen. The study considers the production processes of renewable and non-renewable hydrogen, meeting sustainability criteria and reducing greenhouse gas emissions from biomass compared to fossil fuels.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
(2021)
Review
Chemistry, Applied
Ali A. Al-Qadri, Galal A. Nasser, Haruna Adamu, Oki Muraza, Tawfik A. Saleh
Summary: Several studies have shown a strong correlation between global warming and CO2 emissions. CO2 utilization through chemical conversion to clean fuels and value-added aromatics is a promising approach for controlling the problem. The production of fuels and aromatics from CO2 can be economically beneficial and is currently a practical solution.
JOURNAL OF ENERGY CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Jackson Hwa Keen Lim, Yong Yang Gan, Hwai Chyuan Ong, Beng Fye Lau, Wei-Hsin Chen, Cheng Tung Chong, Tau Chuan Ling, Jiri Jaromir Klemes
Summary: The aviation sector contributes about 2% of global anthropogenic CO2 emissions, and efforts are being made to find cost-effective and environmentally-friendly bio-jet fuels derived from natural resources. Cultivation conditions for microalgae play a significant role in their growth rate and chemical composition, impacting the yield and quality of microalgae bio-jet fuel. The development of hydroprocessing techniques for converting microalgae oil into bio-jet fuel, as well as innovative approaches like gasification with Fischer-Tropsch and sugar-to-jet, offer promising alternatives to traditional aviation fuel production methods.
RENEWABLE & SUSTAINABLE ENERGY REVIEWS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Yuxin Zhang, Shiliang Wu, Dongxu Cui, Sang-Jun Yoon, Youn-Sang Bae, Bugae Park, Yinlong Wu, Fu Zhou, Cunhua Pan, Rui Xiao
Summary: The study proposes a system that combines bioenergy with carbon capture and storage technology to generate carbon-negative electricity, which is significant for achieving the global goal of carbon neutrality.
FUEL PROCESSING TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Thermodynamics
S. Janakiraman, T. Lakshmanan, P. Raghu
Summary: The ternary fuel blends with metal-doped TiO2 nano additives can reduce fuel usage and emissions of diesel engines, with Blend 6 (20% Biodiesel + 10% Bio-ethanol + 70% Diesel fuel+ TiO2(65 ppm)) showing superior performance in terms of minimal BTE, higher BSEC, higher cylinder pressure and lower emissions compared to 100% diesel fuel.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Vineet Singh Sikarwar, Nageswara Rao Peela, Arun Krishna Vuppaladadiyam, Newton Libanio Ferreira, Alan Maslani, Ritik Tomar, Erik Meers, Michal Jeremias, Michael Pohorely
Summary: This study evaluates the feasibility of different sorbents in producing hydrogen-rich syngas through plasma-assisted CO2-sorption enhanced gasification. The results show that the highest hydrogen yield is achieved at 550 degrees C for CaO (79 vol%), 500 degrees C for MgO (29 vol%), and 700 degrees C for Li4SiO4 (55 vol%). The optimal SOR/F ratios are 1.5 for CaO, 1.0 for MgO, and 2.5 for Li4SiO4. The findings suggest that plasma-assisted CO2-sorption enhanced gasification can be an effective pathway for producing clean energy and achieving carbon neutrality.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Srirat Chuayboon, Stephane Abanades
Summary: This study investigates the continuous steam gasification of EFB fully powered by concentrated solar heat. The results show that increasing the gasification temperature and EFB feeding rate significantly enhance syngas yields and reactor performance.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Binyamin Binyamin, Ocktaeck Lim
Summary: A modeling approach was used to investigate a reciprocating fuel pump system, which consists of a variable-sized barrel and plunger. The study focused on the impact of diesel, propane, and DME fuels on plunger barrel deformation and flow rate characteristics. A numerical fluid-solid thermal coupling model based on the multi-field coupling theory was developed to capture the operational fluctuations in deformation and clearance. The research findings suggest that the proposed structural and flow rate model is suitable for alternative marine fuel applications.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Shanhui Zhao, Yunliang Zhang
Summary: In this study, the heterogeneous decomposition and steam/CO2 reforming of gasification tar over bio-char were investigated using experimental and density functional theory (DFT) approaches. The results showed that bio-char significantly enhanced the decomposition of toluene. Steam/CO2 reforming improved toluene decomposition efficiency by maintaining the activity of bio-char. DFT calculations revealed the mechanisms and energy barriers involved in the reactions, providing insights into the role of bio-char.
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Mohamed F. Al-Dawody, Mariam Imtiaz, Nek Muhammad Katbar, Mohammed A. Abdulwahid, Wisam Al-Obaidi, Khaled Al-Farhany, Mujtaba A. Flayyih, Wasim Jamshed, Mohamed R. Eid, Abdullah Alhushaybari, Aiedh Mrisi Alharthi
Summary: This study used the Diesel-RK simulation program to analyze the effects of dual-fuel mixes on a dual-fuel diesel engine's combustion, performance, and emissions. The results showed that using 20% biogas with diesel had better engine performance and lower nitrogen oxide emissions.
BIOFUELS BIOPRODUCTS & BIOREFINING-BIOFPR
(2023)
Review
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Jorge Blanco-Cejas, Sandra Martin, Maria Linares, Jose Iglesias, Jovita Moreno
Summary: Bio-based platform molecules are crucial for the development of circular bioeconomy. The current market shift towards the use of resources of biological origin requires the maturity and reliability of production technologies. Life cycle assessment (LCA) is an important tool to ensure improved environmental sustainability. The review focuses on identifying the critical points that hinder the comparison of LCA studies and explores the best options within the context of biomass-derived platform chemicals.
JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Junkang Sang, Shuai Liu, Jun Yang, Tao Wu, Xiang Luo, Yongming Zhao, Jianxin Wang, Wanbing Guan, Maorong Chai, Subhash C. Singhal
Summary: This study investigated the feasibility of power generation from flat-tube solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) with direct internal dry reforming of methanol. The effects of CO2/MeOH ratio, temperature, and current density on cell performance and long-term durability were studied. It was found that higher CO2/MeOH ratios reduced the power density, but suppressed carbon deposition and enhanced long-term durability. A cell operated stably over 500 hours with a constant current density of 200 mA/cm2 under CO2/MeOH =1 and 2 at 750 degrees C. In addition to stable power generation, simultaneous syngas production and reduction in CO2 emissions were achieved. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations provided insights into the possible pathways for methanol dry reforming and the mechanism of carbon removal.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Zhengsen Wang, Tao Wu, Kaiyue Zhu, Weili Xie, Xuefeng Zhu, Weishen Yang
Summary: Perovskite oxides, with high intrinsic activity and flexible structures, suffer from low electrical conductivity and poor stability. To overcome this challenge, we developed a novel approach to in situ coat an ultrathin carbon shell on the surface of perovskite, forming a core-shell structure. This core-shell structured catalyst exhibits extraordinary oxygen evolution reaction (OER) activity and stability, surpassing both pristine perovskite and state-of-the-art RuO2 catalyst.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Junkang Sang, Yang Zhang, Jun Yang, Tao Wu, Luo Xiang, Jianxin Wang, Wanbing Guan, Maorong Chai, Subhash C. Singhal
Summary: To enhance the coking tolerance of Ni/yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) anodes in direct methanol solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs), two strategies were proposed, which focused on increasing the oxygen storage capacity of the anode and improving methanol conversion. The Ni/YSZ anodes were decorated with nanosized gadolinia-doped ceria (GDC) using wet impregnation, and extra GDC-Ni/YSZ catalyst was filled in the fuel channels. These modifications mitigated carbon deposition, lowered the steam/carbon ratio, and improved the cell durability. The research provides insights into efficient and durable SOFCs using biofuels for large-scale commercial applications.
JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Xiaoyang Yang, Dongsheng Ji, Jiawei Li, Jun He, Chongshui Gong, Xiaojuan Xu, Zhe Wang, Yu Liu, Fang Bi, Zhongzhi Zhang, Yunbo Chen
Summary: Limited by the scarcity of in situ vertical observation data, the influences of biomass burning in Southeast Asia on major atmospheric carbonaceous compositions in downwind regions have not been thoroughly studied. Aircraft observations were conducted to obtain vertical distributions of black carbon (BC), carbon monoxide (CO), and carbon dioxide (CO2). Four types of profiles were identified. Simulations showed that considering the vertical BC distribution is crucial in estimating the radiative forcing (RF) and heating rate (HR) caused by BC.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Lin Xie, Ai Lan, Qun Gu, Shuncheng Yang, Wei Song, Jinfeng Ge, Rong Zhou, Zhenyu Chen, Jianqi Zhang, Xiaoli Zhang, Daobin Yang, Bencan Tang, Tao Wu, Ziyi Ge
Summary: A ternary strategy is proposed to enhance the performance of organic photovoltaics. By using three asymmetric skeleton nonfullerene acceptors as the third component in the host system, the structure-performance correlation is thoroughly investigated. The results demonstrate that alkoxy-substituted TB-S1-O exhibits the highest efficiency of 18.14%, outperforming TB-S (16.16%) and TB-S1 (16.18%). This study reveals the efficacy of alkoxy substitution for constructing the third component in high-performance ternary organic solar cells.
ACS ENERGY LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Lingyun Zhang, Qun Shen, Cheng Heng Pang, Wei Chao, Shuhuan Tong, Kien Woh Kow, Edward Lester, Tao Wu, Li Shang, Xuehang Song, Nannan Sun, Wei Wei
Summary: The conversion of Linz-Donawitz Gas from the steel industry into ethanol (LDG-ethanol) has shown promise as a valuable method for utilizing tail-gas. However, there is still a lack of systematic and objective understanding of its environmental impact benefits. In this study, the environmental footprint of LDG-ethanol technology is analyzed through life cycle assessment (LCA) and compared with its competitors under different development scenarios. The assessment results demonstrate that LDG-ethanol is the most environmentally friendly option, with an environmental impact value 22%-25% lower than Corn-ethanol and Coal-ethanol routes. Moreover, by reducing electricity consumption and incorporating green power, the environmental footprint of LDG-ethanol can be further reduced by 15%-68%. This makes LDG-ethanol an attractive option for achieving decarbonization goals, especially as grid decarbonization progresses.
JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Xinyi Mao, Ruitang Guo, Quhan Chen, Huiwen Zhu, Hongzhe Li, Zijun Yan, Zeyu Guo, Tao Wu
Summary: This review summarizes the recent advances in the application of carbon nitride, particularly graphitic phase (g-C3N4), as a catalyst and catalyst support in the electrocatalytic reduction of CO2. It also discusses the synthesis and functionalization of g-C3N4 and critically reviews the modification of g-C3N4-based catalysts for enhanced CO2 reduction. Opportunities for future research on g-C3N4-based catalysts for electrocatalytic CO2 reduction are also discussed.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Yasheng Shi, Cenyan Huang, Chuantao Huang, Huiling Zhang, Lei Tong, Qiuliang Cai, Jun He, Honghui Xu, Huan Yu, Hang Xiao
Summary: Intensive field observations were conducted on the PM2.5, gaseous pollutants, delta C-13, and delta N-15 values to evaluate the efficacy of much stricter air quality measures and emergency response strategies implemented in Hangzhou and Ningbo during the 2016 G20 Summit. The results showed that there is no pronounced differences of carbon sources between the two cities and C-3 plant combustion was the major contributor to carbon sources. Reduction of NH3 was more effective than NOx in Hangzhou and Ningbo. The study also highlighted the importance of fossil fuel combustion reduction and regional control policies for better air quality.
ATMOSPHERIC POLLUTION RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Yipei Chen, Tao Wu
Summary: This study demonstrates the continuous production of high-quality ZIF-8 and HKUST-1 under mild synthesis conditions using environmentally preferable green solvents. The synthesized MOFs show competitive CO2 adsorption capability compared to commercially available samples. The method developed in this study has the potential for continuous production of high-quality MOFs for CO2 capture applications.
GREENHOUSE GASES-SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Jian-Rong Li, Jie Zheng, Kun Wu, Mengmeng He, Junyi Zhao, Yang Meng, Jun He, Hong-Yun Ren, Hang Xiao, Chi He
Summary: The study fabricated Mn-Al oxides with strengthened synergistic effects of Mn and Al species by adjusting the calcination temperature. Different temperatures effectively controlled the surface Mn/Al ratio and KMn8O16 phase, leading to significant changes in CO2 selectivity, reaction rate, and stability for catalytic oxidation. Mn5Al-350 catalyst exhibited the best performance with a high CO2 selectivity and superior catalytic stability. Reaction intermediates and theoretical calculations provided insights into the reaction mechanism.
ACS ES&T ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Minghao Liu, Xingyue Zhao, Shuai Yang, Xiubei Yang, Xuewen Li, Jun He, George Zheng Chen, Qing Xu, Gaofeng Zeng
Summary: It is commonly believed that a higher number of metal atoms in covalent organic frameworks (COFs) contribute to greater activity in electrocatalytic carbon dioxide reduction (CO2RR). However, this assumption has hindered our ability to explore the relationship between the density of catalytic sites and catalytic performances. In this study, we have successfully quantified the density of catalytic sites in multiple COFs for CO2RR, by precisely controlling the content of phthalocyanine (H2Pc) and nickel phthalocyanine (NiPc) units. Our results show that a molar ratio of 1/1 for H2Pc and NiPc units in COFs leads to the highest selectivity and activity in the catalyst.
ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Ehiaghe Agbovhimen Elimian, Meng Zhang, Qiang Li, Jing Chen, Yong Sun, Hongpeng Jia, Jun He
Summary: This study presents a novel strategy of light-driven photothermal catalytic oxidation for the degradation of toluene using yCuOx-WOx/mTiO2_x-USY nanocomposite. The optimized 20CuOx-WOx/mTiO2_x-USY catalyst exhibited excellent catalytic performance with 90.4% toluene conversion and 82.0% CO2 yield under full light irradiation. The catalyst also demonstrated satisfactory stability and benzoate species were identified as major reaction intermediates.
APPLIED CATALYSIS B-ENVIRONMENTAL
(2023)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Chenxi Wang, Ashak Mahmud Parvez, Jiayou Mou, Cheng Quan, Jiashuo Wang, Yueying Zheng, Xiang Luo, Tao Wu
Summary: In response to China's commitment to carbon peaking and neutrality targets, a new methodology was developed to assess a medium-sized university campus in eastern China. The study showed that the campus emitted about 13,877 tonnes of CO2-eq in 2020, with electricity consumption contributing about 77% of the total emissions. Additionally, seven mitigation strategies were proposed to reduce the campus carbon footprint, with decarbonization of electricity being the largest contributor to emissions reduction.
JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Minghao Liu, Shuai Yang, Xiubei Yang, Cheng-Xing Cui, Guojuan Liu, Xuewen Li, Jun He, George Zheng Chen, Qing Xu, Gaofeng Zeng
Summary: Covalent organic frameworks with ionic skeletons and C-N linkages were constructed through multilevel post-synthetic modification. These frameworks showed high activity and stability for electrocatalytic CO2 reduction. By modulating the linkers and linkages, the catalytic performance and structure of covalent organic frameworks were optimized, leading to controllable activity and selectivity. This study provides insights into developing covalent organic frameworks for CO2 reduction reaction.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Minghao Liu, Sijia Liu, Qing Xu, Qiyang Miao, Shuai Yang, Svenja Hanson, George Zheng Chen, Jun He, Zheng Jiang, Gaofeng Zeng
Summary: In this study, we demonstrated the role of dual atomic catalytic sites in the electrochemical carbon dioxide reduction reaction (CO2RR) using a core-shell hybrid of the covalent-organic framework and the metal-organic framework. With abundant dual atomic sites (CoN4O and ZnN4) on hollow carbon, the catalyst exhibited high activity and selectivity for CO2RR, achieving a Faradic efficiency for CO of 92.6% at -0.8 V and a turnover frequency value of 1370.24 h^(-1) at -1.0 V. The catalyst also showed excellent stability for 30 hours. Theoretical calculations revealed the main role of CoN4O in CO2RR and improved activity and selectivity of Zn sites due to synergistic effects.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Yingna Du, Chen Huang, Wei Jiang, Qiangwei Yan, Yongfei Li, Gang Chen
Summary: In this study, anionic surfactants modified hydrotalcite was used as a flow improver for crude oil under low-temperature conditions. The modified hydrotalcite showed a significant viscosity reduction effect on crude oil. The mechanism of the modified hydrotalcite on viscosity and pour point of crude oil was explored through characterization and analysis of the modified hydrotalcite and oil samples.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Mohammad Saeid Rostami, Mohammad Mehdi Khodaei
Summary: In this study, a hybrid structure, MIL-53(Al)@MWCNT, was synthesized by combining MIL-53(Al) particles and -COOH functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT). The hybrid structure was then embedded in a polyethersulfone (PES) polymer matrix to prepare a mixed matrix membrane (MMM) for CO2/CH4 and CO2/N2 separation. The addition of MWCNTs prevented MIL-53(Al) aggregation, improved membrane mechanical properties, and enhanced gas separation efficiency.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Yunlong Li, Desheng Huang, Xiaomeng Dong, Daoyong Yang
Summary: This study develops theoretical and experimental techniques to determine the phase behavior and physical properties of DME/flue gas/water/heavy oil systems. Eight constant composition expansion (CCE) tests are conducted to obtain new experimental data. A thermodynamic model is used to accurately predict saturation pressure and swelling factors, as well as the phase boundaries of N2/heavy oil systems and DME/CO2/heavy oil systems, with high accuracy.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Morteza Afkhamipour, Ebad Seifi, Arash Esmaeili, Mohammad Shamsi, Tohid N. Borhani
Summary: Non-conventional amines are being researched worldwide to overcome the limitations of traditional amines like MEA and MDEA. Adequate process and thermodynamic models are crucial for understanding the applicability and performance of these amines in CO2 absorption, but studies on process modeling for these amines are limited. This study used rate-based modeling and Deshmukh-Mather method to model CO2 absorption by DETA solution in a packed column, validated the model with experimental data, and conducted a sensitivity analysis of mass transfer correlations. The study also compared the CO2 absorption efficiency of DETA solution with an ionic solvent [bmim]-[PF6] and highlighted the importance of finding optimum operational parameters for maximum absorption efficiency.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Arastoo Abdi, Mohamad Awarke, M. Reza Malayeri, Masoud Riazi
Summary: The utilization of smart water in EOR operations has gained attention, but more research is needed to understand the complex mechanisms involved. This study investigated the interfacial tension between smart water and crude oil, considering factors such as salt, pH, asphaltene type, and aged smart water. The results revealed that the hydration of ions in smart water plays a key role in its efficacy, with acidic and basic asphaltene acting as intrinsic surfactants. The pH also influenced the interfacial tension, and the aged smart water's interaction with crude oil depended on asphaltene type, salt, and salinity.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Dongao Zhu, Kun Zhu, Lixian Xu, Haiyan Huang, Jing He, Wenshuai Zhu, Huaming Li, Wei Jiang
Summary: In this study, cobalt-based metal-organic frameworks (Co-based MOFs) were used as supports and co-catalysts to confine the NHPI catalyst, solving the leaching issue. The NHPI@Co-MOF with carboxyl groups exhibited stronger acidity and facilitated the generation of active oxygen radicals O2•, resulting in enhanced catalytic activity. This research provides valuable insights into the selection of suitable organic linkers and broadens the research horizon of MOF hybrids in efficient oxidative desulfurization (ODS) applications.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Edwin G. Hoyos, Gloria Amo-Duodu, U. Gulsum Kiral, Laura Vargas-Estrada, Raquel Lebrero, Rail Munoz
Summary: This study investigated the impact of carbon-coated zero-valent nanoparticle concentration on photosynthetic biogas upgrading. The addition of nanoparticles significantly increased microalgae productivity and enhanced nitrogen and phosphorus assimilation. The presence of nanoparticles also improved the quality of biomethane produced.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Yao Xiao, Asma Leghari, Linfeng Liu, Fangchao Yu, Ming Gao, Lu Ding, Yu Yang, Xueli Chen, Xiaoyu Yan, Fuchen Wang
Summary: Iron is added as a flocculant in wastewater treatment and the hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) of sludge produces wastewater containing Fe. This study investigates the effect of aqueous phase (AP) recycling on hydrochar properties, iron evolution and environmental assessment during HTC of sludge. The results show that AP recycling process improves the dewatering performance of hydrochar and facilitates the recovery of Fe from the liquid phase.
Article
Energy & Fuels
He Liang, Tao Wang, Zhenmin Luo, Jianliang Yu, Weizhai Yi, Fangming Cheng, Jingyu Zhao, Xingqing Yan, Jun Deng, Jihao Shi
Summary: This study investigated the influence of inhibitors (carbon dioxide, nitrogen, and heptafluoropropane) on the lower flammability limit of hydrogen and determined the critical inhibitory concentration needed for complete suppression. The impact of inhibitors on explosive characteristics was evaluated, and the inhibitory mechanism was analyzed with chemical kinetics. The results showed that with the increase of inhibitor quantity, the lower flammability limit of hydrogen also increased. The research findings can contribute to the safe utilization of hydrogen energy.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Zonghui Liu, Zhongze Zhang, Yali Zhou, Ziling Wang, Mingyang Du, Zhe Wen, Bing Yan, Qingxiang Ma, Na Liu, Bing Xue
Summary: In this study, high-performance solid catalysts based on phosphotungstic acid (HPW) supported on Zr-SBA-15 were synthesized and evaluated for the one-pot conversion of furfural (FUR) to γ-valerolactone (GVL). The catalysts were characterized using various techniques, and the ratio of HPW and Zr was found to significantly affect the selectivity of GVL. The HPW/Zr-SBA-15 (2-4-15) catalyst exhibited the highest GVL yield (83%) under optimized reaction conditions, and it was determined that a balance between Bronsted acid sites (BAS) and Lewis acid sites (LAS) was crucial for achieving higher catalytic performance. The reaction parameters and catalyst stability were also investigated.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Michael Stoehr, Stephan Ruoff, Bastian Rauch, Wolfgang Meier, Patrick Le Clercq
Summary: As part of the global energy transition, an experimental study was conducted to understand the effects of different fuel properties on droplet vaporization for various conventional and alternative fuels. The study utilized a flow channel to measure the evolution of droplet diameters over time and distance. The results revealed the temperature-dependent effects of physical properties, such as boiling point, liquid density, and enthalpy of vaporization, and showed the complex interactions of preferential vaporization and temperature-dependent influences of physical properties for multi-component fuels.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Yuan Zhuang, Ruikang Wu, Xinyan Wang, Rui Zhai, Changyong Gao
Summary: Through experimental validation and optimization of the chemical kinetic model, it was found that methanol can accelerate the oxidation reaction of ammonia, and methanol can be rapidly oxidized at high concentration. HO2 was found to generate a significant amount of OH radicals, facilitating the oxidation of methanol and ammonia. Rating: 7.5/10.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Radwan M. EL-Zohairy, Ahmed S. Attia, A. S. Huzayyin, Ahmed I. EL-Seesy
Summary: This paper presents a lab-scale experimental study on the impact of diethyl ether (DEE) as an additive to waste cooking oil biodiesel with Jet A-1 on combustion and emission features of a swirl-stabilized premixed flame. The addition of DEE to biodiesel significantly affects the flame temperature distribution and emissions. The W20D20 blend of DEE, biodiesel, and Jet A-1 shows similar flame temperature distribution to Jet A-1 and significantly reduces UHC, CO, and NOx emissions compared to Jet A-1.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Jiang Bian, Ziyuan Zhao, Yang Liu, Ran Cheng, Xuerui Zang, Xuewen Cao
Summary: This study presents a novel method for ammonia separation using supersonic flow and develops a mathematical model to investigate the condensation phenomenon. The results demonstrate that the L-P nucleation model accurately characterizes the nucleation process of ammonia at low temperatures. Numerical simulations also show that increasing pressure and concentration can enhance ammonia condensation efficiency.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Shiyuan Pan, Xiaodan Shi, Beibei Dong, Jan Skvaril, Haoran Zhang, Yongtu Liang, Hailong Li
Summary: Integrating CO2 capture with biomass-fired combined heat and power (bio-CHP) plants is a promising method for achieving negative emissions. This study develops a reliable data-driven model based on the Transformer architecture to predict the flowrate and CO2 concentration of flue gas in real time. The model validation shows high prediction accuracy, and the potential impact of meteorological parameters on model accuracy is assessed. The results demonstrate that the Transformer model outperforms other models and using near-infrared spectral data as input features improves the prediction accuracy.