Article
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
P. N. Nadtochy, E. G. Ryabov, A. Karpov, D. V. Vanin, G. D. Adeev
Summary: Potential energy is a crucial factor in the static and dynamic studies of nuclear fission process. Calculation of various energy functionals for different nuclear shapes is presented, allowing the calculation of potential energy in multiple macroscopic liquid-drop models.
COMPUTER PHYSICS COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Physics, Nuclear
N. N. Shchechilin, N. Chamel, J. M. Pearson
Summary: Our previous investigation revealed a significant reduction in the abundance of pasta mantle in neutron-star crusts when corrections were made to the extended Thomas-Fermi (ETF) method. In this study, we expand on our earlier calculations using a larger set of functionals and find that the microscopic corrections weaken the influence of symmetry energy. Additionally, the inclusion of these corrections results in a lower abundance of pasta structures for all functionals.
Article
Mathematics, Applied
Matteo Novaga, Fumihiko Onoue
Summary: In this paper, we investigate the minimization problem of a functional composed of the fractional perimeter and a general Riesz potential, which is a generalization of Gamow's liquid drop model. We prove the existence of minimizers for any volumes when the kernel of the Riesz potential decays faster than that of the fractional perimeter. Furthermore, we establish the existence of generalized minimizers for any volumes when the kernel of the Riesz potential vanishes at infinity. Additionally, we study the asymptotic behavior of minimizers as the volume approaches infinity and demonstrate that a sequence of minimizers converges to the Euclidean ball up to translations if the decay rate of the Riesz potential is sufficiently fast.
NONLINEAR ANALYSIS-THEORY METHODS & APPLICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Robert Hesse, Philipp Loesch, Sergiy Antonyuk
Summary: Cake-forming filtration is a proven method for separating particles from suspensions, but most filtration models are based on simplified cake structures. Experimental investigations of these inhomogeneous cakes are challenging, while numerical methods can provide detailed information about fluid flow and cake formation. A novel elastic-plastic DEM model was implemented in this study to investigate compressible filter cakes.
ADVANCED POWDER TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Zhibo Zhang, Andrey Bolshakov, Jiecai Han, Jiaqi Zhu, Kun -Lin Yang
Summary: Electrospun polymer-liquid crystal (PLC) fibers can be used in wearable sensors and adaptive textiles due to their rapid response and flexibility. However, existing PLC fibers have limited responsive range and resistance to heat and chemicals. A new type of PLC fiber was prepared using a coaxial electrospinning process, with 5CB as the core solution and a mixture of PVP and RM as the sheath solution. The fibers showed a broad phase-transition temperature range and quick response to toluene vapor. These fibers have the potential to be used in flexible temperature and chemical sensors.
ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
(2023)
Article
Physics, Nuclear
Yan-jun Chen, Zi-peng Cheng, Bin-guang He
Summary: This study investigates the effects of density dependence of symmetry energy on the behavior of neutron stars, particularly focusing on the crust-core phase transition. The results show that factors such as the slope of symmetry energy at saturation, temperature, and neutrino trapping play important roles in determining the crust-core transition density and other properties in neutron stars.
Article
Engineering, Petroleum
Luigi Raimondi
Summary: This paper presents numerical results of gas/liquid flows in pipelines obtained from a new simulation code. The code uses a compositional approach, which is rarely found in published articles about gas/liquid flow in the oil and gas industry. The algorithm can calculate both pressure and material fast waves generated during the transportation of gas and liquid in pipes. The solution algorithm is based on a two-fluid model and uses a mixed implicit-explicit integration schema.
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Sajjad Riahi Farsani, Arash Ramian, Ramazan-Ali Jafari-Talookolaei, Paolo S. Valvo, Maryam Abedi
Summary: In this study, the extended higher-order sandwich plate theory was utilized to analyze the free vibrational characteristics of rectangular sandwich plates with a compressible core. By employing the first-order shear deformation theory to model the laminated face sheets and assuming the displacements of the core, the governing equations were deduced using Hamilton's principle. The natural frequencies of the sandwich plates were obtained by solving a generalized eigenvalue problem, while the effects of various parameters on the frequencies were discussed.
JOURNAL OF SANDWICH STRUCTURES & MATERIALS
(2021)
Article
Mechanics
Zunru Fu, Haichuan Jin, Jun Zhang, Tianyou Xue, Dongsheng Wen
Summary: This study investigates the dynamics of trapped air film during a droplet impact on a solid surface using the phase field method in combination with a dynamic contact angle (DCA) model. The effects of droplet viscosity and surface tension on the dynamics of the air film are studied, and three regimes are identified based on an effective Ohnesorge number. The study reveals a new regime where a daughter droplet is generated and the air bubble is always detached from the substrate, providing insight on the entrapped air dynamics during droplet impact.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Fei Ti, Xin Chen, Moxiao Li, Xuechao Sun, Shaobao Liu, Tian Jian Lu
Summary: This study investigates the elastic field and mechanical properties of liquid-filled microchannels in biological tissues, such as blood capillaries and neuronal axons, with consideration of surface effects. The results show that surface effects prevent deformation of the liquid inclusion and increase stress concentration around it. Moreover, the effective Young's modulus of the composite first increases and then decreases with increasing surface energy, and the effective Poisson ratio becomes negative when the surface energy is sufficiently large.
JOURNAL OF THE MECHANICS AND PHYSICS OF SOLIDS
(2022)
Article
Mechanics
Tengfei Luo, Yunpeng Wang, Zelong Yuan, Zhou Jiang, Wenfeng Huang, Jianchun Wang
Summary: This study uses simulations and comparisons to find that the constant-coefficient spatial gradient model (CSGM) can more accurately predict three-dimensional compressible Rayleigh-Taylor turbulence, including small bubble and spike structures, mixing heights and concentration fields, as well as temperature and pressure fields. Compared with traditional sub-grid-scale models and implicit LES models, the CSGM model performs excellently.
Article
Nuclear Science & Technology
Wen-Jie Xie, Zi-Wei Ma, Jun-Hua Guo
Summary: In this study, a Bayesian inference of the crust-core transition density ?(t) of neutron stars was performed based on the neutron star radius and neutron-skin thickness data using a thermodynamical method. It was found that the probability of having values higher than 0.1 fm(-3) for ????????(t) was larger when a uniform prior and neutron-star radius data were used, which was controlled by the curvature K-sym of the nuclear symmetry energy. The value of ????????(t) obtained was 0.075(-0.01)(+0.005) fm(-3) at a confidence level of 68% when both the neutron-star radius and neutron-skin thickness data were considered. Strong anti-correlations were observed between ????????(t), slope L, and curvature of the nuclear symmetry energy. The dependence of the three L-K-sym correlations predicted in the literature on crust-core density and pressure was quantitatively investigated. The most probable value of 0.08 fm(-3) for ????????(t) was obtained from the L-K-sym relationship proposed by Holt et al. while larger values were preferred for the other two relationships.
NUCLEAR SCIENCE AND TECHNIQUES
(2023)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Daniel T. Trugman
Summary: This paper develops a Bayesian framework to infer key source properties of earthquakes and correct the spectral analysis using a spectral ratio approach. By analyzing the source properties of 14 different target events in southern California, they find spatial variations suggesting that regional differences may drive variability in rupture processes.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SOLID EARTH
(2022)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Udit Khanna, Yuval Gefen, Ora Entin-Wohlman, Amnon Aharony
Summary: Research has found that two-dimensional topological insulators can generate gapless edge modes at the edge, which may lead to finite conductivity. Additionally, it has been discovered that incompressible stripes exhibit broken translational invariance at integer fillings.
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Mechanics
Rui-Nan Cui, Rui Han, Shao-Cong Pei, Shi-Ping Wang
Summary: In this study, a three-dimensional model is established to investigate the dynamics of underwater explosion bubbles. The model is based on a weakly compressible theory implemented in the boundary integral method. The accuracy and reliability of the model are validated by comparing its results with theoretical solutions, an axisymmetric model, and experimental data. The study systematically explores the jet characteristics of underwater explosion bubbles in the free field and reveals the power laws for the height, width, and velocity of the liquid jet with respect to the buoyancy parameter. The findings show that the strength parameter also plays a significant role in determining the height of the jet, especially when the buoyancy parameter is less than 0.3. The impact of an inclined wall on jet features is further investigated, and an analytical expression for the jet angle near a vertical wall is provided using the Kelvin impulse theory.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
H. Dinh Thi, T. Carreau, A. F. Fantina, F. Gulminelli
Summary: The study focuses on the properties of the pasta phase within neutron stars and the uncertainties in observables that arise from incomplete knowledge of nuclear energy functional. It indicates the crucial role of nuclear physics constraints in determining crustal and pasta observables, with surface and curvature parameters being more influential than bulk parameters.Consistent calculations of the nuclear functional are highlighted as important to accurately predict pasta properties.
ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Hoa Dinh Thi, Chiranjib Mondal, Francesca Gulminelli
Summary: A Bayesian analysis of recent measurements from LIGO-Virgo and NICER shows that all current observations are compatible with a fully nucleonic hypothesis for dense matter, even in the core of the most massive pulsar PSR J0740+6620. Under the nucleonic composition hypothesis, the most general behaviors of energy per particle of symmetric matter and density dependence of symmetry energy have been extracted, which are consistent with astrophysical observations and current knowledge of low-energy nuclear physics. These results can serve as a null hypothesis to be compared with future constraints on dense matter in order to search for potential exotic degrees of freedom.
Article
Physics, Nuclear
Guilherme Grams, Jerome Margueron, Rahul Somasundaram, Sanjay Reddy
Summary: With the improved accuracy of neutron star observational data, it is necessary to derive a new equation of state that consistently calculates the crust and the core within a unified approach. In this study, non-uniform matter in the crust of neutron stars is described using a compressible liquid-drop model, and a set of fifteen unified equations of state for cold catalyzed neutron stars is generated based on realistic modelings of the nuclear interaction. The comparison of these models allows for investigating the model dependence for the crust properties and the effect of neutron matter at low density.
EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL A
(2022)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
H. Dinh Thi, A. F. Fantina, F. Gulminelli
Summary: This study examines the impact of temperature on the thermodynamic properties and composition of the crust of a neutron star. It finds that collective motion of ions in the lattice significantly affects both the thermodynamic properties and composition of matter. In particular, the entropy contribution from the motion of ions can have a significant impact on the equilibrium composition of matter.
ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
M. R. Pelicer, M. Antonelli, D. P. Menezes, F. Gulminelli
Summary: The presence of nuclear pasta in neutron stars’ mantle affects transport properties. Anisotropies in the collision frequencies arise from the non-spherical pasta clusters, impacting thermal and electrical conductivity. Analytical expressions for the anisotropic collision frequencies are derived using the Boltzmann equation in the relaxation time approximation. Numerical calculations show that the conductivity decreases significantly with the presence of rod and slab phases, regardless of magnetic field strength.
MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
(2023)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
H. Dinh Thi, A. F. Fantina, F. Gulminelli
Summary: This study investigates the beta-equilibrated proto-neutron star crust in the liquid phase using a self-consistent multi-component approach. The inclusion of nonlinear mixing terms reveals differences between the one-component and multi-component approaches, with the abundance of light nuclei dominating the crust at higher density and temperature. These findings could potentially impact neutron-star cooling. Fitting formulas for the impurity parameter in the proto-neutron-star inner crust are also provided.
ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
C. Mondal, M. Antonelli, F. Gulminelli, M. Mancini, J. Novak, M. Oertel
Summary: Possible strong first-order hadron-quark phase transitions in neutron star interiors can be detected through their imprint on gravitational waves, which can be observed with planned third-generation interferometers. Determining the existence of such phase transitions relies on the accuracy of determining the tidal deformability parameter and the model used for the equation of state of hybrid stars, which can be described using a phenomenological meta-modeling approach. Results demonstrate that a single loud binary neutron star event detected by a network of third-generation detectors could infer the presence of a phase transition at low baryon densities with an average Bayes factor of approximately 100, up to a luminosity distance of about 300 Mpc.
MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
(2023)
Article
Physics, Nuclear
Luigi Scurto, Helena Pais, Francesca Gulminelli
Summary: In this work, the structure and composition of the inner crust of a neutron star in the presence of a strong magnetic field have been computed. The compressible liquid drop model has been used to determine the geometry and characteristics of the crust inhomogeneities, and the results have been compared with previous calculations. It has been found that the extension of the inhomogeneous region inside the star core due to the magnetic field strongly depends on the behavior of the symmetry energy in the crustal equation of state (EoS).
Article
Physics, Nuclear
C. Mondal, F. Gulminelli
Summary: The need to understand the behavior of hadronic matter across different densities, especially with the influx of data from multimessenger observations and new experimental facilities, poses challenges to nuclear models. The density dependence of the nuclear energy functionals' isovector channel is difficult to determine, especially when considering experiments like PREX-II and CREX. By using a semiagnostic modeling technique, we found that the interplay between bulk and surface properties, along with empirical parameters, can partially explain the tension between different measurements and observations.
Article
Physics, Nuclear
H. Gueven, J. Margueron, K. Bozkurt, E. Khan
Summary: This study investigates the nature of compact stars, considering neutron stars and hybrid stars as possibilities. The results show that the current data favor a stiff nucleonic equation of state and suggest the presence of binary hybrid stars. However, binary neutron stars with soft equation of state cannot be completely ruled out. The study also found evidence of stiff quark matter in all cases, regardless of the nuclear equation of state.
Article
Physics, Nuclear
G. Grams, R. Somasundaram, J. Margueron, E. Khan
Summary: In this paper, we extend the compressible liquid-drop model to provide a unified description of the nuclear ground-state energies and incompressibility modulus in finite nuclei. We investigate the impact of nuclear empirical parameters on the bulk properties, as well as the role of finite-size contributions. We employ a Bayesian approach coupled with a Markov-Chain Monte Carlo exploration to confront the model predictions with experimental data, and suggest improvements to some parameters. We also explore the effects of finite-size terms on the speed of sound around saturation density and show their important role in finite nuclei.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
C. Mondal, F. Gulminelli
Summary: General relativity ensures a unique correspondence between static observables of neutron stars accessible by multimessenger astronomy and the equation of state (EoS) of beta-equilibrated matter. However, even in the purely nucleonic hypothesis, multiple solutions to the beta-equilibrium equation can lead to indeterminacy in the interior composition of neutron stars. Additional empirical information regarding high-density symmetric matter is not very efficient in determining the composition, considering measurement uncertainties. Constraints on the symmetry energy at high densities can make a meaningful impact on deciphering the composition of neutron star cores.
Article
Physics, Nuclear
Rahul Somasundaram, Jerome Margueron, Guy Chanfray, Hubert Hansen
Summary: This article explores three different classes of relativistic approaches for dense nuclear matter and addresses parameter uncertainties. The results show that the predictions of these models differ as density increases, and that only half of the empirical symmetry energy can be reproduced by these three models.
EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL A
(2022)
Article
Physics, Nuclear
G. Grams, R. Somasundaram, J. Margueron, S. Reddy
Summary: In this study, a compressible liquid-drop model (CLDM) is used to correlate uncertainties associated with the properties of the neutron star (NS) crust with theoretical estimates of the uncertainties associated with the equation of state (EOS) of homogeneous neutron and nuclear matter. The CLDM allows for the investigation of the complex interplay between different contributions to the NS crust, such as bulk, surface, curvature, and Coulomb contributions. Additionally, the analysis quantifies the effects of uncertainties in the EOS on the composition of the crust, proton fraction, and the volume fraction occupied by nuclei. The study also reveals a strong correlation between uncertainties in matter properties and the precise location of the crust-core transition.
Article
Physics, Nuclear
Mateus R. Pelicer, Debora P. Menezes, Celso C. Barros Jr, Francesca Gulminelli
Summary: This study calculates the composition of matter in the nuclear pasta phase using a statistical multicomponent approach, considering density, proton fraction, and geometry fluctuations. The results show that different geometries can coexist in a large fraction of the pasta phase.