Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Mohammad Hassan Shojaeefard, Morteza Mollajafari, Nima Edalat Pishe, Seyyed Mohsen Mousavi
Summary: This study evaluates the cooling system of a fuel cell vehicle under various operating conditions and investigates the impact of changing the control system on vehicle performance and cooling efficiency. The optimization results show that increasing the battery capacity extends the range of the vehicle and reduces energy consumption.
SUSTAINABLE ENERGY TECHNOLOGIES AND ASSESSMENTS
(2023)
Article
Automation & Control Systems
Satadru Dey, Munmun Khanra
Summary: This article addresses the cybersecurity challenges associated with the large scale deployment of plug-in electric vehicles (PEVs) by exploring control-oriented approaches. Two algorithms for detecting cyberattacks on PEV battery packs during charging are discussed, including a static detector and a dynamic detector. A filter-based design approach for the dynamic detector is proposed to consider stability, robustness, and attack sensitivity as multiobjective criteria. Theoretical analysis and simulation studies show the effectiveness of the algorithms in detecting denial-of-charging (DoC) and overcharging attacks, indicating the superiority of the dynamic detector.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INDUSTRIAL ELECTRONICS
(2021)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Xie Zeng, Muhammad Shahzad Nazir, Mehrdad Khaksar, Kentaro Nishihara, Hai Tao
Summary: With the increasing global energy demand and environmental concerns, renewable energy sources are being utilized as alternatives to fossil fuels. The transportation sector is shifting towards electrified vehicles, such as PEVs and PHEVs, which can connect to the grid for energy exchange. The concept of microgrids is introduced to integrate RESs and optimize the capabilities of electric vehicles through smart infrastructure.
JOURNAL OF ENERGY STORAGE
(2021)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Jure Soldo, Branimir Skugor, Josko Deur
Summary: The paper focuses on optimizing the battery state-of-charge (SoC) reference trajectory to improve the efficiency of plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEV). The method includes adaptive features and dynamic programming optimization results, and is validated through simulations with a PHEV-type city bus.
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Camiel Beckers, Igo Besselink, Henk Nijmeijer
Summary: This paper presents a recursive method to identify the position-dependent road-resistance coefficient using GPS position, powertrain power, and vehicle speed. The method allows the estimates to be updated whenever a route segment is traversed anew. Including the resistance profile in a vehicle model reduces the error of the predicted powertrain power by 1.7 percent point compared to a conventional method.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON VEHICULAR TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Jure Soldo, Branimir Skugor, Josko Deur
Summary: The paper analyzes the optimal state-of-charge trajectories of a PHEV-type city bus with a parallel powertrain configuration, finding that the optimal shape of the state-of-charge trajectory can vary significantly for non-zero road grade profiles or relatively long driving distances. This behavior has important implications for fuel consumption.
OPTIMIZATION AND ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Ibham Veza, Mohd Azman Abas, Djati Wibowo Djamari, Noreffendy Tamaldin, Fitri Endrasari, Bentang Arief Budiman, Muhammad Idris, Anthony C. Opia, Firman Bagja Juangsa, Muhammad Aziz
Summary: This article addresses critical issues in implementing EVs in Malaysia and Indonesia. It discusses the EV adoption scenario, types of EVs and battery capacities, adoption rate, charging infrastructure, vehicle tax credit, and opportunities and challenges of EVs in both countries.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Hua Chai, Xuan Zhao, Qiang Yu, Shu Wang, Qi Han, Zichen Zheng
Summary: In this paper, an adaptive equivalent consumption minimization strategy (A-ECMS) is proposed to achieve real-time control for a plug-in hybrid electric truck (PHET). The strategy considers the current road grade information and designs an instantaneous feedback supervisory controller without using external devices. The performance of the A-ECMS is analyzed and evaluated based on the optimal equivalent factor and its sensitivity towards road grade. The proposed strategy shows good performances in fuel economy improvement and emission reduction, approaching the results of the DP algorithm while avoiding high computing load for real-time implementation.
JOURNAL OF ENERGY STORAGE
(2023)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Agnieszka Dudziak, Pawel Drozdziel, Monika Stoma, Jacek Caban
Summary: The automotive market is rapidly evolving, with a focus on intelligent vehicles that incorporate modern technology and support systems. There is a growing presence of cars with a high level of driving autonomy. This article discusses the concept of BEV and PHEV vehicles in relation to modern solutions and their levels of autonomy. The research conducted among various groups of respondents reveals that PHEV hybrid vehicles and electric vehicles (BEV) are believed to be the dominant types of vehicles currently and in the near future in Poland, with an average level of autonomy.
Article
Environmental Studies
Frans Libertson
Summary: The future energy systems need to balance supply and demand more effectively due to the electrification of various sectors and the growing role of volatile energy production. The increasing use of electric vehicles poses both challenges and opportunities for energy systems. Smart electric vehicle charging and user flexibility have been suggested as potential solutions, but their success relies on close collaboration between users and system operators. This study investigates the implementation of supplier-managed charging and its impact on user attitudes and flexibility. The results show that although participants have a positive view of smart charging, they also associate it with uncertainty and anxiety. The capacity for flexible energy use is influenced by factors beyond users' direct control, such as working patterns, financial resources, and access to charging stations. To optimize smart charging schemes, it is crucial to consider not only user attitudes but also factors that can facilitate user flexibility and prevent unfair flexibility markets.
ENERGY RESEARCH & SOCIAL SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Kelly Hoogland, Debapriya Chakraborty, Scott Hardman
Summary: This study examines the factors influencing the decision to lease or purchase plug-in electric vehicles (PEVs) through a binary logistic regression model estimation using survey data of 9,472 PEV owners in California between 2015 and 2018. The results reveal that battery electric vehicles (BEVs) are more likely to be leased, while plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) are more likely to be purchased. Socio-demographic factors such as living in a single-family home, homeownership, and having at home solar panels are associated with purchasing.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Patrick Ploetz, Cornelius Moll, Georg Bieker, Peter Mock
Summary: The study shows that the real-world average CO2 emissions of PHEVs vary depending on factors such as all-electric range, user group, and country. For private vehicles, the real-world CO2 emissions are significantly higher than test cycle values, mainly due to low charging frequency.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2021)
Review
Energy & Fuels
Ines Baccouche, Sabeur Jemmali, Bilal Manai, Alexandros Nikolian, Noshin Omar, Najoua Essoukri Ben Amara
Summary: This article presents an overview of electric battery models, focusing on NMC battery type, and compares the accuracy of first and second order models. Experimental results show better precision for the second order model, making it more suitable for embedded applications.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENERGY RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Thermodynamics
L. Vichard, A. Ravey, P. Venet, F. Harel, S. Pelissier, D. Hissel
Summary: Batteries are complex systems that are affected by variable ambient operating conditions, and understanding their dynamic behavior and degradation laws under actual conditions is essential for durability improvement. This study proposes a method to model batteries based on experimental data from postal vehicles, which shows promising results in estimating state of health indicators linked to internal resistance and available capacity. The proposed model aims to provide accurate state of charge estimation onboard and contribute to a better understanding of battery degradation laws.
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Zhenyu Yu, Fei Lu, Yu Zou, Xudong Yang
Summary: This paper focuses on the flexibility assessment and optimal dispatch of commuter PEVs within a microgrid system. A virtual microgrid system was established including residential buildings, an office, distributed generation, and commuter PEVs, and a generic framework was proposed to quantify the flexibility potential of PEVs along with several indicators to identify the flexibility characteristics. A mixed-integer linear programming model was developed to schedule the charging and discharging processes of PEVs and calculate the flexibility indicators.
ENERGY AND BUILDINGS
(2022)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Jure Soldo, Branimir Skugor, Josko Deur
Summary: The paper focuses on optimizing the battery state-of-charge (SoC) reference trajectory to improve the efficiency of plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEV). The method includes adaptive features and dynamic programming optimization results, and is validated through simulations with a PHEV-type city bus.
Article
Automation & Control Systems
Ivan Cvok, Jure Soldo, Josko Deur, Vladimir Ivanovic, Yijing Zhang, Yuji Fujii
Summary: This article presents the design of model predictive control (MPC) for the upshift inertia phase of an automatic transmission (AT), aiming to coordinate the actions of clutches, engine, and facilitate calibration. The designed MPC strategy considers clutch actuation dynamics and constraints, and balances three conflicting shift quality criteria: comfort, duration, and efficiency. The MPC problem is formulated as a constrained quadratic programming problem and solved efficiently online by an interior-point solver. The flexibility of the MPC design and its ease of calibration are demonstrated, and its performance is compared with an offline, multiobjective optimization-based control strategy.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON CONTROL SYSTEMS TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
