Review
Plant Sciences
Christopher J. Lortie, Jose L. Hierro
Summary: This study explored plant climate adaptation and ecotypic differentiation in reciprocal common gardens, demonstrating plant adaptation to climate change through meta-analysis. The need for future studies to clearly define ecotypic testing in common garden experiments and the importance of reciprocal climatic gardens were emphasized.
JOURNAL OF ECOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
Iris Sammarco, Zuzana Muenzbergova, Vit Latzel
Summary: The study assesses the role of epigenetic mechanisms, specifically DNA methylation, in local adaptation and response to temperature changes in a clonal plant species. The findings suggest that increasing temperature limits the survival and distribution of the plant, and epigenetic adaptation may help plants cope with climate change to some extent. However, the effectiveness of DNA methylation may depend on environmental conditions.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Ecology
Johannes Metz, Katja Tielboerger
Summary: When plant populations show local adaptation along climatic gradients, climate change may displace them from their current fitness optima. This study conducted a transplant experiment with Biscutella didyma plants across different rainfall gradients in Israel to investigate the fitness of genotypes from drier sites under drier climatic conditions. The results found that genotypes from drier sites outperformed local genotypes in terms of fitness, suggesting that foreign genotypes from drier sites can support existing populations and reduce their vulnerability to climate change.
Article
Forestry
Daniel J. Chmura, Jerzy Modrzynski
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the associations between growth, phenology, and climate in Norway spruce populations and whether their sensitivity to climate change varied with age. The results showed significant variation in tree growth and phenology among populations from Carpathian and Sudeten Mountains, reflecting their adaptation to the local environment. Surprisingly, there was no evidence of increasing maladaptation to climate change with age. The findings indicate that both mountain ranges' spruce populations are likely to have decreased productivity under warming and drying climate conditions.
FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Pierre de Villemereuil, Oscar E. Gaggiotti, Jerome Goudet
Summary: Common garden experiments are valuable for studying local adaptation without the confounding effect of phenotypic plasticity. The Q(ST) - F-ST comparison framework is commonly used to test the influence of local adaptation on phenotypic divergence between populations. However, the assumptions underlying the equality between Q(ST) and F-ST may not hold in more complex population structures.
JOURNAL OF ECOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
Zivanai Tsvuura, David Ward
Summary: The study investigated local adaptation in two neighboring populations of Vachellia karroo in South Africa and found significant differences in their performance under different environmental conditions, especially in leaf traits showing genotype-by-environment interactions. However, despite some signs of local adaptation, the overall magnitude of divergent selection between the two populations was relatively low.
SOUTH AFRICAN JOURNAL OF BOTANY
(2022)
Review
Plant Sciences
Jose Alberto Ramirez-Valiente, Luis Santos del Blanco, Ricardo Alia, Juan J. Robledo-Arnuncio, Jose Climent
Summary: Mediterranean ecosystems are biodiversity hotspots located between temperate mesic climates and semi-deserts and deserts, characterized by a drought season with variable severity and length across regions. Studies show that population genetic differentiation in functional traits and fitness in Mediterranean species, driven by adaptation to contrasting temperature and precipitation regimes, is common. No evidence was found for a trade-off between resource-use strategies within species, calling for further investigation into the evolution of stress tolerance at the expense of growth potential in Mediterranean environments.
JOURNAL OF ECOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Ecology
Kumar Mainali, Subodh Adhikari, Sushila Shrestha, Michael C. Singer, Joseph White, Camille Parmesan
Summary: As plant species expand their distribution under global warming, Rhododendron campanulatum encountered novel conditions when expanding its elevational range limit in the Eastern Himalayas. Contrary to expectation, plants at a lower elevation experienced colder temperatures and longer snow cover compared to conspecifics at treeline, likely explaining the smaller leaves at treeline. Survival was reduced more by downslope movement, potentially due to extreme cold temperatures at treeline in spring. Species at the elevational limit displayed asymmetric adaptation, being more tolerant of extremes in the growing season but less in winter and early mid-spring.
Article
Evolutionary Biology
Garrett M. Janzen, Maria Rocio Aguilar-Rangel, Carolina Cintora-Martinez, Karla Azucena Blocher-Juarez, Eric Gonzalez-Segovia, Anthony J. Studer, Daniel E. Runcie, Sherry A. Flint-Garcia, Ruben Rellan-alvarez, Ruairidh J. H. Sawers, Matthew B. Hufford
Summary: This study investigated the local adaptation of maize landraces by performing a reciprocal transplant experiment across different elevations in Mexico. The results showed that maize landraces have higher fitness when grown at their native elevation, and Mexican landraces have higher fitness than South American landraces when grown in Mexican sites. Furthermore, traits related to highland adaptation showed stronger correlations in the highland site.
EVOLUTIONARY APPLICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
Rob McMinn, Matti J. Salmela, Cynthia Weinig
Summary: The study found that elevation has a significant influence on the genetic variation of the circadian period, with higher-elevation populations having shorter mean periods and reduced intrapopulation ranges. These spatial differences may be related to climatic gradients in temperature, precipitation, and interannual variability.
PLANT CELL AND ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Article
Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
Maobo Zheng, Xiaojian Zhang, Xuebin Ma
Summary: In this article, we propose a solution called DP-CUDA for unsupervised domain adaptation, which incorporates differentially private gradient projection and contradistinguisher. This approach searches for domain-invariant features between source and target domains and transfers knowledge accordingly. The model is trained in the source domain using supervised learning and features are learned in the target domain using unlabeled data with differentially private noise injected into the gradient.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INTELLIGENT SYSTEMS
(2023)
Editorial Material
Plant Sciences
Susanne Schwinning, Christopher J. Lortie, Todd C. Esque, Lesley A. DeFalco
Summary: These papers highlight the trends in common garden experiments, including the relationship between climate-related traits and fitness optima, as well as discussing various methods for improving common garden studies.
JOURNAL OF ECOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Ecology
Hanna A. Nomoto, Jake M. Alexander
Summary: The scarcity of local plant extinctions following recent climate change can be explained by a combination of demographic inertia and lags in novel species establishment, particularly important for some species under low levels of warming.
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Samuel Grubinger, Nicholas C. Coops, Gregory A. O'Neill
Summary: Common-garden trials of forest trees provide important phenotype data for tree breeding programs and gene conservation, especially in the context of climate change. In this study, drone technology and remote sensing were used to assess the spectral and structural traits of interior spruce trees in different climatic conditions. The results showed significant clines in spectral traits along temperature and elevational gradients, indicating patterns of local adaptation to these climate factors. The findings demonstrate the potential of multispectral indices and drone remote sensing for assessing local adaptation and contribute to our understanding of the mechanistic response of trees to climate change.
GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Forestry
Dejin Mu, Junrong Tang, Nianhui Cai, Shi Chen, Yingnian He, Zijun Deng, Yi Yang, Dan Yang, Yulan Xu, Lin Chen
Summary: This study examined the adaptive differentiation mechanism of Pinus densata and its parent species, Pinus yunnanensis, along an elevational gradient in the Hengduan Mountains. The results showed significant differences in the rhizosphere microbial composition and recruitment strategies between P. yunnanensis and P. densata in high-elevation areas.
Article
Ecology
Joisiane Mendes Araujo, Sandra Bibiana Correa, Jill Anderson, Jerry Penha
Review
Plant Sciences
Elena Hamann, Cameron Blevins, Steven J. Franks, M. Inam Jameel, Jill T. Anderson
Summary: Elevated temperatures, CO2 concentrations, drought stress, and nutrient conditions induce greater food consumption by herbivores. These factors also have direct and indirect effects on herbivore development.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Elena Hamann, Derek Denney, Samantha Day, Elizabeth Lombardi, M. Inam Jameel, Rachel MacTavish, Jill T. Anderson
Summary: The article discusses how climate change factors interact with each other and their impact on plant evolutionary processes. Research shows that climate change has complex effects on population survival and reproduction, especially in the interactions between plants and their mutualists and antagonists.
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Joisiane Mendes Araujo, Sandra Bibiana Correa, Jerry Penha, Jill Anderson, Anna Traveset
Summary: The study evaluated the impact of reductions in abundance and species richness of large frugivorous fishes on their interactions with plants in a Neotropical floodplain, predicting potential cascading effects on plant diversity and ecosystem-level changes. The functional extinctions of fish mutualists can lead to secondary extinctions of plants and their biotic associates. The networks showed reduced robustness to extinction of large frugivorous fish, highlighting the importance of sustainable management in protecting interactions and maintaining biodiversity in wetland forests.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED ECOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biology
Elena Hamann, Susana M. Wadgymar, Jill T. Anderson
Summary: The study found that climate change can have different effects on the future-fitness costs of current reproduction at different elevations, with the highest costs in arid low elevations and lower costs at high elevations.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Ecology
Jill T. Anderson, M. Inam Jameel, Monica A. Geber
Summary: Spatial and temporal environmental variation may favor the evolution of adaptive phenotypic plasticity, especially in systems driven by source-sink dynamics. The study found that plasticity in specific leaf characteristics can enhance survival and lifespan, suggesting that temporal and spatial variation can play a role in the evolution of phenotypic plasticity.
Editorial Material
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jill T. Anderson
Article
Plant Sciences
Jennifer Nagel Boyd, Jill T. Anderson, Jessica Brzyski, Carol Baskauf, Jennifer Cruse-Sanders
Summary: Species vary in prevalence, with rare species exhibiting restricted distribution, low abundance, and/or habitat specialization. Rare species have reduced genetic diversity, fitness, and reproductive structures compared to common species. These characteristics limit their adaptability and increase vulnerability to environmental change.
Review
Ecology
Susana M. Wadgymar, Megan L. DeMarche, Emily B. Josephs, Seema N. Sheth, Jill T. Anderson
Summary: Divergent selection across the landscape can drive the evolution of local adaptation in populations adapting to different environments, but the mechanisms behind this process are not well understood. Despite the wide observation of local adaptation in various taxa, there is a lack of experimental confirmation on the factors promoting local adaptation and the phenotypic targets involved.
ANNUAL REVIEW OF ECOLOGY EVOLUTION AND SYSTEMATICS
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
Rachel MacTavish, Jill T. Anderson
Summary: This study investigates the effects of novel water and nutrient availability on the reproductive phenology and local adaptation of Boechera stricta. The findings suggest that different combinations of water and nutrient availability alter the patterns of natural selection, with selection favoring early flowering and longer duration of flowering. The study also reveals that selection on leaf number depends on water availability.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF BOTANY
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
Catherine A. Rushworth, Maggie R. Wagner, Thomas Mitchell-Olds, Jill T. Anderson
Summary: Model systems in biology, such as Boechera, are important for expanding research capacity in individuals and communities. Boechera, closely related to Arabidopsis, is an ecological model system that integrates molecular, functional, and eco-evolutionary approaches. It offers opportunities to identify ecologically important genes through genome-wide association studies and investigations of selection in native habitats. The genus is known for its common trait of apomixis and its ability to adapt to abiotic and biotic environments. Population genetic studies of Boechera have focused on B. stricta, revealing insights into population divergence, demographic history, and genetic variation. Molecular and ecological studies have shown that balancing selection and ecological trade-offs contribute to complex trait variation in the species. The host genotype influences the composition of leaf and root microbiomes, while the soil microbiome influences flowering phenology and natural selection. Boechera also provides insights into biological responses to global change, including shifts in flowering timing, patterns of natural selection, and disruptions in life history trade-offs. This review summarizes the resources and results of this eco-evolutionary model system and discusses future research directions.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF BOTANY
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
Jill T. Anderson
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF BOTANY
(2023)