期刊
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
卷 375, 期 -, 页码 -出版社
ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA
DOI: 10.1016/j.cej.2019.122055
关键词
Lithium/sulfur battery; S-3DOMPPy@ZnO composite cathode; Three-dimensional porous polypyrrole; Ultrafine ZnO nanocrystals
资金
- Program for the Outstanding Young Talents of Hebei Province, China
- Cultivation project of National Engineering Technology Center [2017B090903008]
- Ministry of Education and Science of the Republic of Kazakhstan via the Targeted Program Innovative materials and systems for energy conversion and storage [BR05236524]
- Nazarbayev University Development of safe and high performance flexible Li-ion batteries
Despite high theoretical capacity (1675 mAh g(-1)) and low cost of the lithium/sulfur (Li/S) batteries, their industrial road is impeded by rapid capacity loss and poor rate performances caused by the dissolution of lithium intermediate in the electrolyte. In this work, a composite is reported, which consists of highly dispersed ultrafine (similar to 5 nm) zinc oxide (ZnO) nanocrystals decorated on conductive three-dimensionally macroporous polypyrrole (3DOMPPy) inverse opal, for polysulfides immobilization in Li/S batteries. Compared with carbon matrixes, 3DOMPPy provides a stronger lithium polysulfides binding site, due to its unique macroporous structure. Through constructing 3D ordered macroporous structure of PPy, a fast electron transfer pathway and an efficient buffer space for sulfur are provided. Furthermore, polar ZnO can confine polysulfides greatly by chemical adsorption, which is verified by density functional theory calculations. Consequently, S-3DOMPPy@ZnO demonstrates durable long-term cyclability (794.5 mAh g(-1) after 300 cycles at 0.1 C) as well as a remarkable rate capability (515.6 mAh g(-1) at 2 C).
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