Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Wenjing Xu, Yuelin Chao, Minglu Liang, Kai Huang, Cheng Wang
Summary: The study reveals the important role of CTRP13 in preventing AAA formation, showing its ability to reduce the incidence and severity of AAA, as well as decrease vascular inflammation and SMC apoptosis.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Eleonora Ciarlo, Magali Joffraud, Faisal Hayat, Maria Pilar Giner, Judith Giroud-Gerbetant, Jose Luis Sanchez-Garcia, Marie Rumpler, Sofia Moco, Marie E. Migaud, Carles Canto
Summary: This study demonstrates for the first time that dihydronicotinic acid riboside (NARH) can act as a NAD(+) precursor in mammalian cells, and how different NAD(+) precursors can interact and influence each other when co-administered.
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Yoshiko Nakagawa-Nagahama, Masaki Igarashi, Masaomi Miura, Kosuke Kashiwabara, Keisuke Yaku, Yuichiro Fukamizu, Toshiya Sato, Takanobu Sakurai, Takashi Nakagawa, Takashi Kadowaki, Toshimasa Yamauchi
Summary: This study analyzed the relationship between blood levels of NAD(+)-related metabolites and pure-tone hearing thresholds in 42 healthy Japanese men aged > 65 years. The results showed positive associations between levels of nicotinic acid (NA) and hearing thresholds at 1000 Hz and 2000 Hz. Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that NA was an independent predictor of elevated hearing thresholds. The study suggests that the NAD(+) metabolic pathway might be associated with the onset or progression of age-related hearing loss.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Ou Zhong, Jinyuan Wang, Yongpeng Tan, Xiaocan Lei, Zhihan Tang
Summary: This meta-analysis investigated the effects of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) precursor supplementation on glucose and lipid metabolism in human body. The results showed that supplementation with NAD+ precursors improved TG, TC, LDL, and HDL levels in humans, but resulted in hyperglycemia. NA had the most significant effect on improving lipid metabolism, while NR and NAM supplementation had no significant effect. Subgroup analysis revealed that NAD+ precursor supplementation had little effect on healthy individuals but showed significant benefits for patients with cardiovascular disease and dyslipidemia. However, more high-quality studies are needed to confirm these conclusions.
NUTRITION & METABOLISM
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jiaming Chen, Tongbin Lin, Shuchang Zhang, Xianhuai Yue, XingHong Liu, Caichi Wu, Yunyi Liang, Xiangfang Zeng, Man Ren, Fang Chen, Wutai Guan, Shihai Zhang
Summary: This study reveals the important role of GPR109A in milk synthesis, and how niacin and BHBA promote milk fat and protein synthesis through the GPR109A/G(i)/mTORC1 signaling pathway. Knockdown of GPR109A attenuated the effects of niacin on milk synthesis, indicating its crucial role in this process.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Tong Xu, Shoushuai Wang, Xiang Li, Xiuquan Li, Kaiyun Qu, Hao Tong, Ruijie Zhang, Shuling Bai, Jun Fan
Summary: The study found that lithium chloride prevented the development of AAA by inhibiting inflammation, MMPs, and superoxide production, as well as facilitating elastin synthesis. The beneficial effects of lithium chloride may be mediated through the regulation of the GSK3?/SIRT1/NF-?B cascade.
FREE RADICAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Hana Hadzikadunic, Tea Bovling Sjaelland, Jes S. Lindholt, Lasse Bach Steffensen, Hans Christian Beck, Egle Kavaliunaite, Lars Melholt Rasmussen, Jane Stubbe
Summary: In this study, the researchers investigated the effect of low-dose nicotine on the progression of elastase-induced abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAAs). They found that nicotine promotes AAA progression and reduces the activity of pro-matrix metalloproteinase 2 and MMP9 in aneurysmal tissue. However, nicotine has no effect on inflammatory response and oxidative stress. Therefore, these results do not support the use of low-dose nicotine for preventing AAA progression.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Jiali Gu, Xiyao Huang, Yanxuan Ma, Xuekai Sun
Summary: This study investigated the effects of metabolites on the interaction mechanism between a drug and a transport protein. The results showed that metabolites influenced the binding and conformational changes of the drug and protein.
JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR LIQUIDS
(2022)
Review
Cell Biology
Morgan B. Feuz, Mirella L. Meyer-Ficca, Ralph G. Meyer
Summary: Research into the functions of NAD has increased due to its involvement in various human pathologies. Novel strategies to boost NAD levels and models representing NAD dynamics and deficiency levels have been developed. This review discusses pioneering research and focuses on common health conditions associated with clinically relevant NAD deficiency. In vitro and in vivo research models and emerging strategies to increase NAD concentrations are reviewed.
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Raymond Chong, Chandramohan Wakade, Marissa Seamon, Banabihari Giri, John Morgan, Sharad Purohit
Summary: Individuals with Parkinson's disease have lower levels of vitamin B3, which may contribute to symptoms such as fatigue, sleep dysfunction, and mood changes. Supplementing with low-dose niacin can improve motor scores, quality of life, and slow disease progression.
FRONTIERS IN AGING NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Andrey Kropotov, Veronika Kulikova, Kirill Nerinovski, Alexander Yakimov, Maria Svetlova, Ljudmila Solovjeva, Julia Sudnitsyna, Marie E. Migaud, Mikhail Khodorkovskiy, Mathias Ziegler, Andrey Nikiforov
Summary: Nicotinamide riboside can be imported into cells by equilibrative nucleoside transporters, while nicotinic acid riboside requires active utilization in the cytosol before being taken up by HEK293 cells. Concentrative nucleoside transporters do not mediate the uptake of nicotinamide riboside.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Keisuke Yaku, Takashi Nakagawa
Summary: Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD(+)) functions as a cofactor in important biological processes. Administration of NAD(+) precursors increases cellular NAD(+) levels, promoting beneficial effects on aging-related physiological changes and diseases. Preclinical studies have shown promising results, leading to the development of clinical trials using NAD(+) precursors like NR and NMN. In vivo studies on NAD(+) metabolism have also progressed rapidly.
ANTIOXIDANTS & REDOX SIGNALING
(2023)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Petroula Nana, Konstantinos Dakis, Alexandros Brodis, Konstantinos Spanos, George Kouvelos
Summary: A systematic review examined the correlation of abdominal aortic aneurysm expansion rates with serum circulating biomarkers, identifying specific biomarkers potentially useful for individualized surveillance of patients with increased AAA growth rates. Various biomarkers, including D-dimers, LDL-C, HDL-C, and genetic factors, were found to be significantly associated with AAA growth rates, suggesting a potential role for serum biomarkers in patient monitoring.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Biology
Jin-Ran Chen, Haijun Zhao, Umesh D. Wankhade, Sree V. Chintapalli, Can Li, Dongzheng Gai, Kartik Shankar, Fenghuang Zhan, Oxana P. Lazarenko
Summary: This study shows that GPR109A deletion in mice leads to higher bone mass and strength, decreased osteoclast numbers, and suppressed bone resorption markers in bone marrow. Additionally, GPR109A deletion inhibits Wnt/beta-catenin signaling in osteoclast precursors, leading to reduced osteoclast differentiation and activity. Hippuric acid (HA) inhibits bone resorption and increases bone mass in wild type mice, but not in GPR109A knockout mice, indicating a role of GPR109A in mediating the effects of HA on bone resorption during skeletal development.
COMMUNICATIONS BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Keke Wu, Biao Li, Yingxu Ma, Tao Tu, Qiuzhen Lin, Jiayi Zhu, Yong Zhou, Na Liu, Qiming Liu
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the role of NMN in regulating HIF-1 alpha and fibrosis in hypoxic adipose tissue. It was found that NMN attenuated hypoxia-induced adipose fibrosis and inflammation by restoring the compromised NAD(+)/SIRT1 axis and inhibiting HIF-1 alpha activation. These findings suggest that NMN may be a potential therapeutic agent for the treatment of adipose fibrosis and inflammation.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Surgery
Gautham Chitragari, Alexander Warner, Gautam Agarwal, Richard Lee, Mrinal Shukla
Article
Peripheral Vascular Disease
John Perry, Hossam Alslaim, Gautam Agarwal
Summary: This report reviews the management and outcomes of Brucella-associated mycotic aortic aneurysms. It emphasizes the importance of obtaining a detailed history of long-term exposure to animals for accurate diagnosis and treatment.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Xiaolin Jia, Alexandra S. Lee, Monali Manohar, Sayantani B. Sindher, Neera Ahuja, Maja Artandi, Catherine A. Blish, Andra L. Blomkalns, Iris Chang, William J. Collins, Manisha Desai, Hena Naz Din, Evan Do, Andrea Fernandes, Linda N. Geng, Yael Rosenberg-Hasson, Megan Ruth Mahoney, Abigail L. Glascock, Lienna Y. Chan, Sharon Y. Fong, Chan Zuckerberg Biohub, Maira Phelps, Olivia Raeber, Natasha Purington, Katharina Roltgen, Angela J. Rogers, Theo Snow, Taia T. Wang, Daniel Solis, Laura Vaughan, Michelle Verghese, Holden Maecker, Richard Wittman, Rajan Puri, Amy Kistler, Samuel Yang, Scott D. Boyd, Benjamin A. Pinsky, Sharon Chinthrajah, Kari C. Nadeau
Summary: This study investigated the prolonged symptoms after SARS-CoV-2 infection, factors influencing the development of long-term symptoms, and the correlation with biomarkers. The findings showed that patients with different disease severities had similar risks of developing post-COVID-19 syndrome, and comorbid lung disease and lower levels of initial IgG response were associated with longer symptom duration.
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Jessica L. Gancar, Molly C. Shields, K. Christian Walters, Linda Wise, Jennifer L. Waller, Brian K. Stansfield
Summary: A retrospective analysis of neonates receiving ECMO treatment showed that VA cannulation approach was associated with increased mortality during ECMO.
JOURNAL OF PERINATOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Wei Zhang, Jinjing Zhao, Lin Deng, Nestor Ishimwe, Jessica Pauli, Wen Wu, Shengshuai Shan, Wolfgang Kempf, Margaret D. Ballantyne, David Kim, Qing Lyu, Matthew Bennett, Julie Rodor, Adam W. Turner, Yao Wei Lu, Ping Gao, Mihyun Choi, Ganesh Warthi, Ha Won Kim, Margarida M. Barroso, William B. Bryant, Clint L. Miller, Neal L. Weintraub, Lars Maegdefessel, Joseph M. Miano, Andrew H. Baker, Xiaochun Long
Summary: The study discovered that INKILN is involved in the regulation of vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) inflammation and plays a role in the development of atherosclerosis and abdominal aortic aneurysm. INKILN activates the expression of inflammatory genes through interaction with MKL1 in VSMCs. This study provides a novel and physiologically relevant approach for investigating human-specific long noncoding RNAs under vascular disease conditions.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Daphne Pineda, Rhyan Bingham, Amy Gates, Amy B. Thompson, Brian K. Stansfield
Summary: This study aimed to quantify the pH and total acidity of human milk fortified with human milk fortifiers (HMFs), powder infant formulas, and protein additives. The pH of unfortified and fortified human milk at different caloric densities was measured using a pH meter, while phenolphthalein acidity was determined using diluted sodium hydroxide. The results showed that the changes in pH and acidity of fortified human milk varied depending on the fortifying agent used. These findings suggest that acid/base balance should be considered when selecting a fortifier for human milk.
JOURNAL OF PARENTERAL AND ENTERAL NUTRITION
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Jordan Mattern, Andrew Gemmell, Paige E. Allen, Katherine E. Mathers, Timothy R. H. Regnault, Brian K. Stansfield
Summary: Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) has a negative impact on developing cardiomyocytes, and activation of oxidative stress pathways plays a key role in this altered development. Antenatal administration of PQQ, an antioxidant, can suppress the negative influence of spIUGR on cardiomyocyte number, apoptosis, and collagen deposition during parturition, providing a potential therapeutic intervention for irreversible spIUGR-associated cardiomyopathy.
JOURNAL OF DEVELOPMENTAL ORIGINS OF HEALTH AND DISEASE
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Hong Shi, Brandee Goo, David Kim, Taylor C. Kress, Mourad Ogbi, James Mintz, Hanping Wu, Eric Belin J. de Chantemele, David Stepp, Xiaochun Long, Avirup Guha, Richard Lee, Laura Carbone, Brian H. Annex, David Y. Hui, Ha Won Kim, Neal L. Weintraub
Summary: Patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) are at elevated risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD) due to accelerated atherosclerosis. Compared to heathy control subjects, lupus patients have higher volumes and densities of thoracic aortic perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT), which independently associates with vascular calcification, a marker of subclinical atherosclerosis. However, the biological and functional role of PVAT in SLE has not been directly investigated.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Haitao Zhang, Yan Shen, Il-man Kim, Yutao Liu, Jingwen Cai, Adam E. E. Berman, Kent R. R. Nilsson, Neal L. L. Weintraub, Yaoliang Tang
Summary: Clinical trials have shown that electric stimulation using cardiac resynchronization therapy or cardiac contractility modulation is effective for treating moderate to severe heart failure. This study investigated the effects of electric stimulation on the secretion of extracellular vesicles (EV) from cardiac mesenchymal stem cells (C-MSC). The results showed that electric stimulation enhanced EV-dependent cardioprotection and involved the enzyme nSMase2 in the endosomal sorting complex for EV biosynthesis.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Amy Gates, Amy B. Hair, Ariel A. Salas, Amy B. Thompson, Brian K. Stansfield
Summary: This study compared the nutrient content of commercial pooled donor human milk (DHM) with that of early and mature preterm human milk. The results showed that DHM had significantly lower protein, sodium, chloride, potassium, and zinc content compared to preterm human milk. However, there were no statistical differences in calorie, carbohydrate, calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, and vitamin D content between DHM and preterm human milk. These findings have important implications for designing human milk-based feeding plans.
JOURNAL OF NUTRITION
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Rhyan Bingham, Daphne Pineda, Amy Gates, Amy B. Thompson, Brian K. Stansfield
Summary: This study quantified the displacement of human milk by commercial human milk fortifiers (HMFs) and infant formulas. The results showed that the displacement was highly associated with energy density. Human milk-derived HMFs displaced more human milk than bovine milk-derived HMFs at equivalent energy densities. Similarly, powder infant formulas displaced less human milk compared to powder HMF, and hydrolyzed powder infant formulas displaced less human milk compared to nonhydrolyzed ones.
JOURNAL OF PARENTERAL AND ENTERAL NUTRITION
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Daphne Pineda, Rhyan Bingham, Amy Gates, Amy B. Thompson, Brian K. Stansfield
Summary: This study assessed the osmolality of fortified human milk using different fortifiers. The results showed a linear relationship between fortification and energy density, but different fortifiers had different effects on osmolality. Therefore, osmolality should be taken into account when selecting a fortifier.
JOURNAL OF PARENTERAL AND ENTERAL NUTRITION
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Samah Ahmadieh, Brandee Goo, Abdalrahman Zarzour, David Kim, Hong Shi, Praneet Veerapaneni, Ronnie Chouhaita, Nicole K. H. Yiew, Carla Dominguez Gonzalez, Akash Chakravartty, James Pennoyer, Nazeera Hassan, Tyler W. Benson, Mourad Ogbi, David J. Fulton, Richard Lee, Robert D. Rice, Lisa R. Hilton, Yun Lei, Xin-Yun Lu, Weiqin Chen, Ha Won Kim, Neal L. Weintraub
Summary: Impaired adipogenic differentiation was observed in high-fat diet (HFD)-fed mice housed at thermoneutrality, possibly due to increased expression of histone deacetylase 9 (HDAC9). However, the impact of HFD on adipogenic differentiation may vary under different environmental conditions.
Article
Cell Biology
Varsha Tandra, Travis Anderson, Juan D. Ayala, Neal L. Weintraub, Nagendra Singh, Honglin Li, Jie Li
Summary: Protein modification by UFM1, called ufmylation, is important in regulating various physiological and pathological processes. UFBP1, the first identified ufmylation substrate, has been shown to play pivotal roles in development, hematopoiesis, intestinal homeostasis, chondrogenesis, and neuronal development. However, the significance of UFBP1 ufmylation in these processes is still unclear.
Article
Surgery
Hossam Alslaim, Mitra Poorak, Mrinal Shukla, Gautam Agarwal