Article
Biology
Alexander J. Sercel, Alexander N. Patananan, Tianxing Man, Ting-Hsiang Wu, Amy K. Yu, Garret W. Guyot, Shahrooz Rabizadeh, Kayvan R. Niazi, Pei-Yu Chiou, Michael A. Teitell
Summary: The MitoPunch device allows for the delivery of isolated mitochondria into mammalian cells, creating specific mtDNA-nDNA combinations. This technology yields stable isolated mitochondrial recipient (SIMR) cells, enabling studies on mitochondrial-nuclear communication and coordination.
Article
Ethics
Robert Sparrow, Catherine Mills, John Carroll
Summary: This paragraph discusses the bias in discourses surrounding mitochondrial replacement techniques, which overlook the contribution of mitochondria to genetic parenthood and personal identity, as well as the unique contribution of women in the reproductive process.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Luis Sendra, Alfredo Garcia-Mares, Maria Jose Herrero, Salvador F. Alino
Summary: This paper reviews the background and information related to mtDNA diseases and MRTs, emphasizing that MRTs are one of the most effective means to reduce the risk of transmitting mtDNA diseases, but do not eliminate it entirely. It also suggests that global legal regulation of MRTs is necessary.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Social Issues
Catherine Mills
Summary: This paper examines how the Human Fertilisation and Embryology Act in the UK manages the question of parentage related to mitochondrial replacement techniques, arguing that the Act breaks the link between genetic causation and genetic parenthood by redefining genetic causation solely in terms of nuclear genetics. Additionally, it discusses how mtDNA is seen as a supplement to the nuclear family, drawing on Jacques Derrida’s concept of the supplement.
SCIENCE TECHNOLOGY & HUMAN VALUES
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Mengmeng Liu, Wei Ji, Xin Zhao, Xiaoliang Liu, Ji-Fan Hu, Jiuwei Cui
Summary: Mitochondrial diseases are caused by mutations in genes involved in mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation, and the severity of disorders is related to the degree of gene mutation. Current clinical treatments focus on symptomatic management, but replacing or repairing dysfunctional mitochondria may be an effective approach. Recent progress has been made in gene therapies that overcome limitations, including mitochondrial replacement therapy, genome manipulation, nucleotide programming, DNA editing, and RNA interference.
BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR BASIS OF DISEASE
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yuko Takeda, Louise Hyslop, Meenakshi Choudhary, Fiona Robertson, Angela Pyle, Ian Wilson, Mauro Santibanez-Koref, Douglass Turnbull, Mary Herbert, Gavin Hudson
Summary: Mitochondrial replacement technology (MRT) aims to reduce the risk of disease in children born to women with pathogenic mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) variants. Haplogroup matching between egg donors and women undergoing MRT has been proposed, but this study finds that it would limit the availability of donors and does not necessarily reduce mtDNA sequence divergence between donor/recipient pairs.
Editorial Material
Cell Biology
Xiao-Yan Fan, Shen Yin, Shi-Ming Luo
Summary: The ectopic expression of SQSTM1 and its MAP1LC3B-binding domain can directly induce forced mitophagy, which selectively degrades mitochondria and their DNA without affecting cellular functions and embryo development. Forced mitophagy can reduce mitochondrial carryover levels and show potential applications in mitochondrial replacement therapy.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Vaughan Black, Andrew Fenton, Elisabeth H. Ormandy
Summary: This paper argues that Canada's current oversight system for animal-based science needs significant reform to align with progressive legislation in other countries and prioritize the replacement of animals as the best scientific practice. The current system not only fails to incentivize the replacement of sentient animals effectively, but also inadequately protects animals bred, harmed, and killed for scientific purposes. The paper outlines the shortcomings of the Canadian Council on Animal Care and emphasizes the need for national legislation similar to other jurisdictions. The conclusion suggests that while legislation alone cannot guarantee the replacement of sentient animals in science, it is a prerequisite for significant progress in animal protection and the adoption of non-animal methods.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Jessica Gambardella, Antonella Fiordelisi, Daniela Sorriento, Federica Cerasuolo, Antonietta Buonaiuto, Roberta Avvisato, Antonio Pisani, Fahimeh Varzideh, Eleonora Riccio, Gaetano Santulli, Guido Iaccarino
Summary: Fabry disease is a lysosomal storage disorder caused by mutations in the gene for alpha-galactosidase A, leading to the accumulation of globotriaosylceramide. The clinical manifestations of the disease cannot be fully explained by the accumulation of globotriaosylceramide, and other mechanisms are proposed, necessitating the identification of new biomarkers for monitoring Fabry disease patients.
JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY AND EXPERIMENTAL THERAPEUTICS
(2023)
Article
Marine & Freshwater Biology
Hannah Mahoney, Jenna Cantin, Yuwei Xie, Markus Brinkmann, John P. Giesy
Summary: This study aimed to characterize the effects of PFECHS using in vitro systems, such as rainbow trout liver cells and lymphocytes. The results showed that exposure to PFECHS caused minor acute toxic effects and had a low bioconcentration factor. However, PFECHS was observed to affect mitochondrial membrane and key molecular receptors related to oxidative stress.
AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Developmental Biology
Ying Li, Sanbao Shi, Jin Yuan, Xi Xiao, Dongmei Ji, Jianxin Pan, Zhunyuan Min, Hao Wang, Hongying Sha, Yazhong Ji
Summary: This study found that CB treatment affects mitochondrial dynamics, spindle morphology, and mitochondrial DNA carryover in a concentration-dependent manner, providing an optimal manipulation to improve the efficiency and safety of mitochondrial replacement therapy.
MOLECULAR HUMAN REPRODUCTION
(2022)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Bianca M. . Vamesu, Teodora Nicola, Rui Li, Snehashis Hazra, Sadis Matalon, Naftali Kaminski, Namasivayam Ambalavanan, Jegen Kandasamy
Summary: Mitochondrial dysfunction at birth is associated with the development of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) in extremely low-birth weight (ELBW) infants. Nebulized thyroid hormone (TH) has shown potential to improve mitochondrial function and reduce pulmonary fibrosis in adult animals. This study investigated the effects of intranasal T3 on neonatal lung injury and mitochondrial dysfunction in newborn mice, as well as its impact on lung fibroblasts and mesenchymal stem cells from ELBW infants. The results demonstrated that inhaled T3 attenuated hyperoxia-induced lung injury and improved mitochondrial function in mice, suggesting that TH supplementation might be a valuable therapeutic strategy for BPD.
Review
Sport Sciences
Andrea Pellegrino, Peter M. Tiidus, Rene Vandenboom
Summary: Human menopause is associated with impaired skeletal muscle quality and metabolic dysfunction, especially in post-menopausal females. Estrogen has beneficial effects on muscle injury mitigation and post-damage repair, as well as on muscle satellite cell number and function, membrane stability, and antioxidant influences. Exercise can augment and mimic the effects of estrogen on skeletal muscle function. The mechanisms behind the estrogenic effect on muscle mass, strength, and injury response, such as apoptotic signaling, contractile protein modifications, and muscle satellite cell maintenance, are being elucidated.
Article
Developmental Biology
R. Okamoto, W. Xiao, H. Fukasawa, S. Hirata, T. Sankai, H. Masuyama, J. Otsuki
Summary: This study established a mouse model to compare the effects of aggregated chromosome (AC) transfer and spindle chromosome complex (SC) transfer on embryo development rates and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) carryover. The results showed that AC transfer significantly improved rates of fertilization, embryo cleavage, and blastocyst formation compared to SC transfer, and had a significantly lower mtDNA carryover.
MOLECULAR HUMAN REPRODUCTION
(2023)
Article
Humanities, Multidisciplinary
Joanna Sleigh, Effy Vayena
Summary: This paper discusses the importance of public engagement in health data governance, highlighting the role of visuality in conveying information related to health data, while emphasizing the differences in the use of visual techniques based on different rhetorical purposes.
HUMANITIES & SOCIAL SCIENCES COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Ethics
Stephen Wilkinson, Nicola Jane Williams
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ETHICS
(2016)
Editorial Material
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Ainsley J. Newson, Stephen Wilkinson, Anthony Wrigley
EMBO MOLECULAR MEDICINE
(2016)
Article
Ethics
Stephen Wilkinson, Nicola Jane Williams
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ETHICS
(2016)
Editorial Material
Obstetrics & Gynecology
B. P. Jones, N. J. Williams, S. Saso, M-Y Thum, I. Quiroga, J. Yazbek, S. Wilkinson, S. Ghaem-Maghami, P. Thomas, J. R. Smith
BJOG-AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNAECOLOGY
(2019)
Editorial Material
Medicine, Research & Experimental
John B. Appleby, Annelien L. Bredenoord
EMBO MOLECULAR MEDICINE
(2018)
Editorial Material
Ethics
Nicola Jane Williams, Rosamund Scott, Stephen Wilkinson
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Laura O'Donovan, Nicola Jane Williams, Stephen Wilkinson
BRITISH MEDICAL BULLETIN
(2019)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Benjamin P. Jones, Abirami Rajamanoharan, Saaliha Vali, Nicola J. Williams, Srdjan Saso, Meen-Yau Thum, Sadaf Ghaem-Maghami, Isabel Quiroga, Cesar Diaz-Garcia, Philip Thomas, Stephen Wilkinson, Joseph Yazbek, J. Richard Smith
Summary: This survey study of 182 transgender women found that the majority believe uterus transplant can improve quality of life, alleviate dysphoric symptoms, and enhance femininity. The results indicate a strong desire among transgender women for experiences like menstruation, gestation, and having a physiologically functioning vagina.
Article
Ethics
Charalampia (Xaroula) Kerasidou, Angeliki Kerasidou, Monika Buscher, Stephen Wilkinson
Summary: Artificial intelligence is transforming healthcare and raising questions about public trust. Instead of focusing on building trust, efforts should be directed towards establishing reliance through strong legal and regulatory frameworks, continuously addressing issues and power imbalances. Trust should be seen as a result of an ongoing ethical relationship, not just a means to an end.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ETHICS
(2022)
Article
Law
Nicola J. Williams, Laura O'Donovan, Stephen Wilkinson
Summary: This article examines the application of opt-out systems in organ donation, using the case of the UK to discuss whether these systems should restrict the types of organs and tissues for which consent is deemed.
MEDICAL LAW REVIEW
(2022)
Review
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Benjamin P. Jones, Niccole Ranaei-Zamani, Saaliha Vali, Nicola Williams, Srdjan Saso, Meen-Yau Thum, Maya Al-Memar, Nuala Dixon, Gillian Rose, Giuliano Testa, Liza Johannesson, Joseph Yazbek, Stephen Wilkinson, J. Richard Smith
OBSTETRICIAN & GYNAECOLOGIST
(2021)
Article
Ethics
John B. Appleby
JOURNAL OF MEDICINE AND PHILOSOPHY
(2018)
Article
Law
Rosamund Scott, Stephen Wilkinson
OXFORD JOURNAL OF LEGAL STUDIES
(2017)
