Article
Microbiology
Carolina N. Resendiz-Nava, Fernando Alonso-Onofre, Hilda V. Silva-Rojas, Angel Rebollar-Alviter, Dulce M. Rivera-Pastrana, Matthew J. Stasiewicz, Gerardo M. Nava, Edmundo M. Mercado-Silva
Summary: This study aims to characterize the rhizosphere and phyllosphere of tomato plants cultivated under conventional and organic soilless culture systems. The results showed that plants under organic SCSs undergo a dysbiosis characterized by significant changes in the relative abundance of certain microbial families, which may contribute to the crop performance and fruit quality deficiencies observed in organic SCSs.
Article
Microbiology
Christina Karmisholt Overgaard, Ke Tao, Sha Zhang, Bent Tolstrup Christensen, Zuzana Blahovska, Simona Radutoiu, Simon Kelly, Morten Kam Dahl Dueholm
Summary: Intensive agricultural systems have positive effects on supporting the growing human population, but the excessive use of mineral fertilizers and pesticides may have negative impacts on nutrient cycles and biodiversity. Harnessing the beneficial relationships between plants and plant-associated rhizobacteria can increase nutrient-use efficiency and provide pathogen resistance. Analyzing the plant-associated microbiota using high-throughput sequencing can lead to improved taxonomic classification and identification of new plant-associated microbes.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Ecology
Mauro Guadalupe Martinez-Yanez, Claudia Olivia Silva-Ortega, Victor Adrian Hernandez-Aranda, Moises Roberto Vallejo-Perez, Ricardo Alcala-Briseno, Delia Xochil Vega-Manriquez, Gisela Aguilar-Benitez, Ramon Jarquin-Galvez, Jose Pablo Lara-Avila
Summary: Mature composts and their water-based extracts, known as aerated compost teas (ACTs), are biofertilizers widely used for sustainable agriculture. Our study demonstrated that ACTs with appropriate C/N ratio promoted plant growth by enriching the bacterial microbiota involved in the N cycle.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Christine Bobin-Dubigeon, Huyen Trang Luu, Sebastien Leuillet, Sidonie N. Lavergne, Thomas Carton, Francoise Le Vacon, Catherine Michel, Hassane Nazih, Jean-Marie Bard
Summary: This study found that early breast cancer patients have decreased microbial diversity, increased relative abundance of Firmicutes, and decreased relative abundance of Bacteroidetes in their intestinal microbiota compared to healthy controls. Additionally, a trend towards decreased relative abundance of Odoribacter sp., Butyricimonas sp., and Coprococcus sp. was observed in the patients.
Article
Microbiology
Lucia Diaz-Abad, Natassia Bacco-Mannina, Fernando Miguel Madeira, Ester A. Serrao, Aissa Regalla, Ana R. Patricio, Pedro R. Frade
Summary: The study characterized the gut microbiome of green sea turtles and their food items, finding Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, and Firmicutes as the most abundant bacterial phyla. Two red algae bacterial indicators were also identified in the cloacal compartments, suggesting the ingestion of microbial components that assist in digesting these food items.
Article
Plant Sciences
Antonino Malacrino, Saveria Mosca, Maria Giulia Li Destri Nicosia, Giovanni E. Agosteo, Leonardo Schena
Summary: The plant microbiome plays a crucial role in plant biology, ecology, and evolution. The study reveals that plant genotype has varying impacts on the diversity, structure, and composition of bacterial microbiomes in fruits, leaves, and soil, with a stronger effect observed in fruits. This suggests that plant genotype is an important factor in shaping the structure of plant microbiomes, providing potential insights for enhancing plant productivity, nutrition, and defenses.
Article
Ecology
Jan Kubovciak, Lucie Schmiedova, Tomas Albrecht, Martin Tesicky, Oldrich Tomasek, Tereza Kauzalova, Jakub Kreisinger
Summary: The gut microbiota (GM) varies between different host species and is co-divergent with host phylogeny. This study examined the variability of host specificity and co-divergence in different clades of GM. The results showed significant host specificity but weak co-divergence between passerine species and their GM.
ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
Chandrema Hossain, Victoria Hernandez, Luisa McHugh, Phu-Tri Tran, Bruce Nash
Summary: Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) is a highly damaging plant virus due to its wide host range and mode of transmission. However, certain microbes with pathogenic defenses can help plants combat TMV. Through DNA metabarcoding, the microbial communities in TMV-infected phyllosphere and rhizosphere were compared over a two-week period. The study found that mock-inoculated plants had higher microbial species richness than viral-inoculated plants. After one week, the mock-inoculated plant organs had higher species richness due to the presence of viral threat. After two weeks, the viral-inoculated soil had the second highest species richness due to colonization and defense mechanisms. Various taxa such as Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Acidobacteria, and Cyanobacteria were present.
JOURNAL OF PLANT PATHOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Ecology
Fanny Claire Capri, Elena Prazzi, Giulia Casamento, Delia Gambino, Giovanni Cassata, Rosa Alduina
Summary: Microbial communities play a crucial role in understanding host ecology and can be used as a tool to enhance species conservation efforts. However, microbial infections can negatively impact host development and viability. This study analyzed and compared the microbial composition of two nests of the widespread marine turtle species Caretta caretta with different hatching success rates from an Italian nesting beach. The results identified dominant bacterial phyla and suggested certain bacterial families as potential causes of hatching failures. Additionally, the study revealed the active role of the nests in shaping the bacterial communities in the sand. These findings highlight the importance of microbiological analysis in monitoring nests and implementing preventive measures to reduce hatching failures.
Article
Oncology
Wanting Lu, Fei He, Zheng Lin, Shuang Liu, Li Tang, Yuxiu Huang, Zhijian Hu
Summary: The study revealed that dysbiosis of the endometrial microbiota may play a role in the pathogenesis of endometrial cancer, and there is a potential association between the microbiota and the inflammatory cytokines IL-6 and IL-17.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CANCER
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Nicholas C. Dove, Alyssa A. Carrell, Nancy L. Engle, Dawn M. Klingeman, Miguel Rodriguez, Toni Wahl, Timothy J. Tschaplinski, Wellington Muchero, Christopher W. Schadt, Melissa A. Cregger
Summary: The pathogenic fungus S. musiva can have systematic impacts on the metabolome and microbiome of Populus trees, affecting not only infected areas but also other tissues.
Article
Biology
Aida Daugaliyeva, Saule Daugaliyeva, Alexander Ashanin, Chiara Beltramo, Latipa Mamyrova, Zinagul Yessembekova, Simone Peletto
Summary: This study analyzed the microbial composition of rumen contents from cattle in Kazakhstan, finding that the solid fraction contained more methanogenic archaea compared to the liquid fraction. Differences in microbial distribution between rumen fractions were observed, and a relationship between methane emission and methanogenic microbiota was identified.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Mohneesh Kalwani, Hillol Chakdar, Amit Srivastava, Sunil Pabbi, Pratyoosh Shukla
Summary: Modern agriculture relies heavily on synthetic fertilizers, but nanofertilizers provide an innovative, efficient, and eco-friendly alternative. They release nutrients slowly to support plant growth and conserve beneficial microbiome diversity, although there are still challenges related to production, transportation, and dosage sensitivity.
Article
Microbiology
Irem Bagci, Kazuki Suzuki, Rasit Asiloglu, Naoki Harada
Summary: This study evaluated temporal shifts in root endophytic prokaryotic communities associated with carrots and the effect of organic matter application on them. The results showed that the rhizosphere prokaryotic community compositions were stable, while the endosphere prokaryotic communities were more affected by time and organic matter application. Different treatments resulted in significant differences in the abundance and diversity of the endosphere prokaryotic community. Genera such as Burkholderia, Sphingomonas, and Rhodanobacter, which have plant-growth-promoting and biocontrol activities, were detected regardless of the treatments.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Erna Cecilia Lorenzini, Barbara Lazzari, Gianluca Martino Tartaglia, Giampietro Farronato, Valentina Lanteri, Sara Botti, Filippo Biscarini, Paolo Cozzi, Alessandra Stella
Summary: The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of short-term consumption of hard cheese on oral pH and microbial flora in healthy adults. The results showed that consumption of GP cheese can change the oral pH towards basic conditions and reduce the number of acidophilic bacteria, which contributes to the protection against caries development.
JOURNAL OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Editorial Material
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Paolo Cherubini
Summary: The sentence mentions that forest ecologist Paolo Cherubini once helped to settle a legal dispute involving a viola supposedly made in the sixteenth century.
Article
Forestry
Paula Ballikaya, Wenqi Song, Olivier Bachmann, Marcel Guillong, Xiaochun Wang, Paolo Cherubini
Summary: Rapid industrialization has caused a significant increase in air pollution. The factors influencing the abundance and composition of smog, especially fine particulate matter, in China are not well understood, and there are limited air quality monitoring networks providing short-term pollution data. This study used LA-ICP-MS to analyze chemical elements in tree rings from Harbin, China, and found that some elements showed changes in pollution levels over time. The analysis also confirmed the effectiveness of emission reduction measures in improving China's urban air quality after 2010.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Paula Ballikaya, Jose Maria Mateos, Ivano Brunner, Andres Kaech, Paolo Cherubini
Summary: In a greenhouse experiment, silver nanoparticles were applied to European beech leaves and were found to primarily aggregate on the leaf surface, surrounding the stomata. Further analysis revealed that some nanoparticles adhered to the cell walls, suggesting that they were absorbed as particles rather than ions through the stomata. These findings provide new insights into the ability of trees to uptake nanosized particles and their potential transportation within the tree.
FRONTIERS IN ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Agronomy
Yanyan Ni, Wenfa Xiao, Jianfeng Liu, Zunji Jian, Maihe Li, Jin Xu, Lei Lei, Jianhua Zhu, Qi Li, Lixiong Zeng, Paolo Cherubini
Summary: Through a study on the relationship between the radial growth of Pinus massoniana and climate variability in natural forests and planted forests in subtropical China, it was found that the growth-climate relationships are largely similar in both types of forests. The effects of climate variables on tree growth vary among different sites and latitudinal gradients. These findings not only enrich our understanding of the impacts of climate on forest growth, but also provide implications for future forest sustainable management in subtropical regions of central China.
AGRICULTURAL AND FOREST METEOROLOGY
(2023)
Editorial Material
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Paula Ballikaya, Ivano Brunner, Claudia Cocozza, Daniel Grolimund, Ralf Kaegi, Maria E. Murazzi, Marcus Schaub, Leonie C. Schoenbeck, Brian Sinnet, Paolo Cherubini
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Giulia Semenzato, Sara Del Duca, Alberto Vassallo, Angela Bechini, Carmela Calonico, Vania Delfino, Fabiola Berti, Francesco Vitali, Stefano Mocali, Angela Frascella, Giovanni Emiliani, Renato Fani
Summary: Medicinal plants are important in the discovery of new bioactive compounds with antimicrobial activity. However, their microbiota can also synthesize bioactive molecules. The Arthrobacter sp. OVS8 endophytic strain isolated from Origanum vulgare L. has shown potential as a producer of antibacterial volatile molecules effective against multidrug-resistant human pathogens. This study highlights the role of bacterial endophytes as a source of antibiotics.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Wen Guo, Paolo Cherubini, Jian Zhang, Mai-He Li, Lianghua Qi
Summary: Leaf stomatal and anatomical traits have a strong influence on plant productivity. This study investigates the environmental adaptation mechanisms of these traits in moso bamboo forests and their relationship with ecosystem productivity. The results show that climate and soil factors significantly affect leaf stomatal and anatomical traits. Solar radiation and mean annual precipitation are the key drivers of variation in leaf stomatal and anatomical traits, respectively. Soil moisture and nutrients also have a significant impact on these traits. Network analysis reveals a significant correlation between leaf stomata and anatomical traits, with stomatal size playing a key role in adapting to environmental conditions. Structural equation modeling shows that leaf stomatal traits have a direct effect on bamboo ecosystem productivity. This study provides new insights into the prediction of bamboo forests under global climate change.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Holger Gartner, Loic Schneider, Sandro Lucchinetti, Paolo Cherubini
Summary: In dendroecological research, it is crucial to accurately date each single growth ring for various studies. The way samples are taken is essential for successful preparation and analysis.
JOVE-JOURNAL OF VISUALIZED EXPERIMENTS
(2023)
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Enkh-Uchral Batkhuyag, Marco M. Lehmann, Paolo Cherubini, Bilguun Ulziibat, Tseren-Ochir Soyol-Erdene, Marcus Schaub, Matthias Saurer
Summary: The Ulaanbaatar area in Mongolia has become highly polluted due to urbanization, industrial activity, and traffic. However, the impact of air pollution on surrounding forests is not well understood. This study uses stable isotope analyses and trace element analysis to investigate the effects of air pollution and climate change on forests in and around Ulaanbaatar. The results show pollution effects in foliar material and increased concentrations of trace elements in leaves and needles, indicating the threat to forests in urban areas.
ECOLOGICAL INDICATORS
(2023)
Article
Forestry
Rong Zhang, Zihao Hu, Paolo Cherubini, David J. Cooper, Liangjun Zhu, Pifeng Lei
Summary: The young secondary forests in subtropical regions of China have significant roles in the global carbon cycle and China's ecological and economic security. Climate warming affects the tree radial growth and the response of different tree species to climate varies. Drought stress caused by climate warming significantly impacts the radial growth of most tree species, especially conifers.
FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT
(2023)
Article
Forestry
R. Allen, A. Mazis, B. Wardlow, P. Cherubini, J. Hiller, D. Wedin, T. Awada
Summary: Through a 30-year study, we found that precipitation, temperature, and drought severity index are important factors influencing the growth of J. virginiana and P. ponderosa, while soil water content significantly affects the performance of J. virginiana. In addition, there is a significant relationship between vegetation indices (VIs) and tree growth, and VIs can be an effective tool to replace or complement ground measurements. This study provides evidence for using remote sensing to monitor the growth of woody species and evaluate grassland vegetation growth.
FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT
(2023)
Letter
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Frederick Reinig, Lukas Wacker, Olaf Joeris, Clive Oppenheimer, Giulia Guidobaldi, Daniel Nievergelt, Florian Adolphi, Paolo Cherubini, Stefan Engels, Jan Esper, Frank Keppler, Alexander Land, Christine Lane, Hardy Pfanz, Sabine Remmele, Michael Sigl, Adam Sookdeo, Ulf Buentgen
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Alexis Marchesini, Andrea Silverj, Sara Torre, Omar Rota-Stabelli, Matteo Girardi, Iacopo Passeri, Ilaria Fracasso, Federico Sebastiani, Cristiano Vernesi
Summary: In this study, the European beech was subjected to whole-genome resequencing, revealing clear genetic differentiation at the chloroplast, mitochondrial, and nuclear genome levels. The divergence between the Alpine and Apennine populations was dated back to approximately 660 thousand years ago, indicating a long history of separation. This information has important conservation implications for the adaptation of this tree species to ongoing climate changes.
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Stefano Nenciarini, Ana Reis-Costa, Marco Pallecchi, Sonia Renzi, Aldo D'Alessandro, Agnese Gori, Benedetta Cerasuolo, Niccolo Meriggi, Gian Luca Bartolucci, Duccio Cavalieri
Summary: The interactions between yeasts and bacteria in fermented foods can result in unique metabolic product patterns. This study focused on the microbiome of traditional Romanian kefir and examined the growth and metabolic properties of dominant yeast and bacterial strains. The findings revealed that a specific strain of Lactobacillus benefited from the presence of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and there were significant changes in short-chain fatty acid levels compared to single cultures. These dynamic interactions highlight the importance of understanding the ecological mechanisms governing interactions between yeast, bacteria, and mammalian cells.
FERMENTATION-BASEL
(2023)
Article
Forestry
Paula Ballikaya, Ivano Brunner, Claudia Cocozza, Daniel Grolimund, Ralf Kaegi, Maria Elvira Murazzi, Marcus Schaub, Leonie C. Schoenbeck, Brian Sinnet, Paolo Cherubini
Summary: This study investigated the uptake and transport mechanisms of gold nanoparticles (Au-NPs) in European beech and Scots pine trees. The results showed that both tree species were capable of taking up and transporting Au-NPs to their stem. European beech exhibited higher uptake of Au-NPs, possibly due to its higher stomatal density and wood characteristics.