Article
Clinical Neurology
Federico Micheli, Matteo Vissani, Guido Pecchioli, Federica Terenzi, Silvia Ramat, Alberto Mazzoni
Summary: Impulsive-compulsive behaviors in Parkinson's disease patients are associated with decreased bursts in subthalamic neurons in the OFF medication state. These behaviors can be identified with high accuracy using temporal and spectral features of the neurons.
MOVEMENT DISORDERS
(2021)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Giulia Paparella, Alfonso Fasano, Mark Hallett, Alfredo Berardelli, Matteo Bologna
Summary: Bradykinesia is a common motor abnormality observed in various neurological diseases not primarily characterized by parkinsonism. The underlying pathophysiology of bradykinesia in these conditions may be related to dysfunction of brain networks. It is suggested that a more accurate and widely used definition of bradykinesia is needed in the context of movement disorders and other neurological conditions.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Hanxu Shi, Carl Counsell
Summary: This study found that death certificates often do not accurately record information about Parkinsonism or associated dementia, therefore epidemiological studies should not solely rely on death certificates to identify cases or study mortality.
JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY
(2021)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Sarah M. Buchanan, Marcus Richards, Jonathan M. Schott, Anette Schrag
Summary: Mild parkinsonian signs (MPS) have been proposed as a risk marker for neurodegenerative disease, particularly Parkinson's disease (PD), in older adults. However, associations with MPS vary depending on age and other features of prodromal PD. Radiological findings for MPS are inconsistent, and pathological studies show mixed neuropathologies in older individuals with MPS. Future studies are needed to prospectively examine outcomes and associations of specific MPS subcategories.
MOVEMENT DISORDERS
(2021)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Haili Zhao, Hong Dou, Xianting Yong, Wei Liu, Saiyidan Yalimaimaiti, Ying Yang, Xiaoqiao Liang, Lili Sun, Jiwen Liu, Li Ning
Summary: The prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) among underground coal miners was investigated, and a risk prediction model was developed and validated. The highest prevalence of MSDs was in the lower back, while the lowest was in the hips and buttocks. Age, length of service, annual income, and occupational stress, burnout, and depression were identified as independent predictors of MSDs. The constructed nomogram model showed good discriminatory ability and accuracy.
FRONTIERS IN PUBLIC HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Environmental Studies
Sara Geenen, Nik Stoop, Marijke Verpoorten
Summary: ASM is believed to support millions of individuals worldwide in terms of income, yet there is a lack of systematic data on miners' earnings. A study in Congo's South Kivu province used a sampling method and survey tools to collect data from 453 miners to understand how much artisanal gold miners earn and what determines their earnings. The research aims to evaluate the financial attractiveness of artisanal mining and explore whether earnings are based on merit or identity, testing the claim that artisanal mining has a social-levelling effect.
Review
Clinical Neurology
Ekawat Vichayanrat, Claire Hentzen, Amit Batla, Sara Simeoni, Valeria Iodice, Jalesh N. Panicker
Summary: This review outlines the clinical presentation, pathophysiology, and evaluation of lower urinary tract dysfunction in Parkinson's disease and other parkinsonian syndromes. Different parkinsonian syndromes have distinct clinical features, and the pattern and severity of lower urinary tract dysfunction can vary. Recognition of the pattern of lower urinary tract dysfunction can aid in management and potentially lead to earlier diagnosis in patients with parkinsonian syndromes.
NEUROLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Yoshikazu Nakano, Shigeki Hirano, Kazuho Kojima, Honglinag Li, Toru Sakurai, Masahide Suzuki, Hong Tai, Shogo Furukawa, Atsuhiko Sugiyama, Yoshitaka Yamanaka, Tatsuya Yamamoto, Takashi Iimori, Hajime Yokota, Hiroki Mukai, Takuro Horikoshi, Takashi Uno, Satoshi Kuwabara
Summary: This study found a correlation between cerebral blood flow (CBF) and dopamine transporter (DAT) in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) and atypical parkinsonian syndromes (APS). Using machine learning, the combination of CBF and DAT was found to be better for distinguishing PD from APS than either modality alone.
MOVEMENT DISORDERS
(2022)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Pegah Masrori, Donatienne Van Weehaeghe, Koen Van Laere, Philip Van Damme
Summary: This case illustrates the significant role of imaging in the diagnostic work-up of complex neurological disorders, providing important assistance in the diagnosis process.
JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Biology
Nour A. Ass'ad, Xin Shore, Orrin Myers, Alexandra R. Camacho, Quiteria Jacquez, Charles Pollard, Linda S. Cook, Shuguang Leng, Kimberly Page, Akshay Sood, Katherine E. Zychowski
Summary: The study suggests that uranium miners are more likely to develop cardiovascular diseases compared to non-uranium miners, but the molecular basis for this phenomenon is currently unclear. Biomarkers of interest were found to be significantly elevated in uranium miners, indicating a potential link to cardiovascular diseases. Further research to explore the underlying mechanism is warranted.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
D. B. Richardson, E. Rage, P. A. Demers, M. T. Do, N. DeBono, N. Fenske, V Deffner, M. Kreuzer, J. Samet, C. Wiggins, M. K. Schubauer-Berigan, K. Kelly-Reif, L. Tomasek, L. B. Zablotska, D. Laurier
Summary: The Pooled Uranium Miners Analysis (PUMA) study found increased mortality rates among uranium miners due to various causes of death, including lung cancer and silicosis. It highlights the importance of long-term follow-up of these workers to monitor health outcomes over time.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Xue Li, Xu Yang, Xuemei Sun, Qiaoyun Xue, Xiaofan Ma, Jiwen Liu
Summary: The study revealed that musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) are common among coal miners, and occupational stress and mental disorders can increase the incidence of MSDs.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Kaitlin Kelly-Reif, Stephen J. Bertke, Estelle Rage, Paul A. Demers, Nora Fenske, Veronika Deffner, Michaela Kreuzer, Jonathan Samet, Mary K. Schubauer-Berigan, Ladislav Tomasek, Lydia B. Zablotska, Charles Wiggins, Dominique Laurier, David B. Richardson
Summary: This study is the largest and most up-to-date pooled study of uranium miners, involving 7 cohorts of male uranium miners with 7754 lung cancer deaths and 4.3 million person-years of follow-up. The study found a linear exposure-response relationship between cumulative radon exposure and lung cancer mortality, which is modified by temporal and exposure factors.
OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Daniel Deuter, Tobias Mederer, Zacharias Kohl, Patricia Forras, Katharina Rosengarth, Mona Schlabeck, Daniela Roehrl, Christina Wendl, Claudia Fellner, Nils-Ole Schmidt, Juergen Schlaier
Summary: A significant correlation was found between the distance of the DBS electrode pole to the c-DRTT and the clinical efficacy in reducing Parkinsonian tremor, suggesting that the c-DRTT plays a major role in the mechanisms of tremor reduction and may serve as a potential DBS target for tremor-dominant PD in the future.
JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Hongli Li, Min Gao, Ziyu Chen, Zhenyu Zhou, Wei Li, Xiaoyang Zhang, Xi Jiang, Lingling Luo, Fei Li, Gaorui Wang, Yu Zhang, Xingxu Huang, Jingning Zhu, Shengjie Fan, Xiaojun Wu, Cheng Huang
Summary: Parkinson's disease (PD) is a chronic neurodegenerative disease characterized by loss of dopamine neurons and motor symptoms. Hordenine (HOR), a compound found in cereals and beer, was identified as an agonist of the dopamine D2 receptor (DRD2) in living cells. HOR improved motor deficits and prevented alpha-synuclein accumulation in PD models, suggesting its potential as a dietary supplement.
PHYTOTHERAPY RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Rozalina Dimitrova, Heakyung Kim, Jill Meilahn, Henry G. Chambers, Brad A. Racette, Marcin Bonikowski, Eun Sook Park, Emily McCusker, Chengcheng Liu, Mitchell F. Brin
Summary: OnabotulinumtoxinA is safe and effective in reducing lower limb spasticity and improving functional outcomes in children with cerebral palsy.
NEUROREHABILITATION
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Liepollo Ntlhakana, Gill Nelson, Katijah Khoza-Shangase, Elton Dorkin
Summary: This study demonstrates that strict protection of employee medical data can hinder research. Clear policies should be developed to improve the sharing of workers' records in the mining industry and enhance the work of healthcare professionals (HCPs).
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Brad A. Racette, Gill Nelson, Wendy W. Dlamini, Tamara Hershey, Pradeep Prathibha, Jay R. Turner, Harvey Checkoway, Lianne Sheppard, Susan Searles Nielsen
Summary: Residence in a community near a high manganese emission source is associated with cognitive dysfunction, including aspects of cognitive control as assessed by the Go-No-Go test.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Alejandra Camacho-Soto, Susan Searles Nielsen, Irene M. Faust, Robert C. Bucelli, Timothy M. Miller, Brad A. Racette
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the incidence and survival rates of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) in Medicare beneficiaries aged 66 to 90. The findings suggest that older and marginalized ALS patients are less likely to be accurately diagnosed and included in epidemiological studies.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Andrew Feigin, Elizabeth E. Evans, Terrence L. Fisher, John E. Leonard, Ernest S. Smith, Alisha Reader, Vikas Mishra, Richard Manber, Kimberly A. Walters, Lisa Kowarski, David Oakes, Eric Siemers, Karl D. Kieburtz, Maurice Zauderer
Summary: The SIGNAL Phase 2 study of pepinemab immunotherapy in early Huntington's disease (HD) did not meet its coprimary clinical efficacy endpoints, but had a favorable safety profile and showed a significant treatment-related reduction in caudate brain atrophy and reversal of the characteristic decline in brain metabolic activity that is typical of HD progression.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Samuel Frank, Claudia Testa, Mary C. Edmondson, Jody Goldstein, Elise Kayson, Blair R. Leavitt, David Oakes, Christine O'Neill, Christina Vaughan, Jacquelyn Whaley, Nicholas Gross, Mark Forrest Gordon, Juha-Matti Savola
Summary: This study evaluated the long-term safety and tolerability of deutetrabenazine for the treatment of Huntington disease. The results showed that adverse events observed with long-term deutetrabenazine exposure were consistent with previous studies. Reductions in chorea persisted over time and there was no unexpected worsening of chorea upon treatment cessation.
Correction
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Andrew Feigin, Elizabeth E. Evans, Terrence L. Fisher, John E. Leonard, Ernest S. Smith, Alisha Reader, Vikas Mishra, Richard Manber, Kimberly A. Walters, Lisa Kowarski, David Oakes, Eric Siemers, Karl D. Kieburtz, Maurice Zauderer
Article
Clinical Neurology
Collin J. Kreple, Susan Searles Nielsen, Kathleen M. Schoch, Tao Shen, Mark Shabsovich, Yizhe Song, Brad A. Racette, Timothy M. Miller
Summary: This study used a combined pharmacoepidemiologic and ALS mouse model approach to identify potential motor neuron protective medications. The results showed an inverse dose-response association between lovastatin and ALS, and confirmed the neuroprotective effects of lovastatin in a mouse model by delaying symptom onset, prolonging survival, and preserving motor neurons.
ANNALS OF NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
W. R. Wayne Martin, John R. Younce, Meghan C. Campbell, Brad A. Racette, Scott A. Norris, Mwiza Ushe, Susan Criswell, Albert A. Davis, Isabel Alfradique-Dunham, Baijayanta Maiti, Nigel J. Cairns, Richard J. Perrin, Paul T. Kotzbauer, Joel S. Perlmutter
Summary: This study investigates the relationship between Parkinson's disease (PD) with dementia and cortical proteinopathies. The study finds that neocortical Lewy bodies are commonly present in PD patients with dementia, but also appear in those without dementia. Other factors may contribute to PD dementia, aside from the classic neuropathological features.
ANNALS OF NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
A. W. Willis, E. Roberts, J. C. Beck, B. Fiske, W. Ross, R. Savica, S. K. Van den Eeden, C. M. Tanner, C. Marras
Summary: Parkinson's disease is the second most common age-related neurodegenerative condition in North America, with a higher prevalence than previously reported. Age and gender affect the incidence rate, with males having a higher risk. Incidence estimates vary across different data sources, possibly due to factors such as case ascertainment, diagnosis methods, genetic risk factors, exposure to environmental toxins, and geographic location.
NPJ PARKINSONS DISEASE
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Irene Faust, Mark Warden, Alejandra Camacho-Soto, Brad A. Racette, Susan Searles Nielsen
Summary: This study developed and validated an algorithm to estimate the probability of ever smoking using administrative claims data. The algorithm was applied to a large sample of Medicare beneficiaries and showed promising results in approximating smoking behavior for epidemiologic analyses.
ANNALS OF EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yizhe Song, Brad A. Racette, Alejandra Camacho-Soto, Susan Searles Nielsen
Summary: According to the medication data, the use of xanthine dehydrogenase/oxidase blockers (such as allopurinol) may be associated with a lower risk of Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Goitsemang Keretetse, Gill Nelson, Derk Brouwer
Summary: This study aimed to assess the exposure of nail technicians to volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in South Africa and provide a task-based exposure assessment. The study found differences in VOC concentrations between formal and informal nail technicians, with informal technicians exposed to higher CO2 concentrations and formal technicians exposed to higher TVOC concentrations. The study highlights the importance of understanding the health effects on nail technicians and the often-overlooked informal sector in this industry.
FRONTIERS IN PUBLIC HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Susan R. Criswell, Susan Searles Nielsen, Irene M. Faust, Joshua S. Shimony, Robert L. White III, Jason Lenox-Krug, Brad A. Racette
Summary: This study evaluated the neuroinflammation and white matter microstructural integrity in individuals with occupational manganese exposure. The findings showed that welders with manganese exposure had higher indicators of neuroinflammation-related cellularity, greater extracellular edema, and lower apparent axonal density in multiple white matter tracts, suggesting a neuroinflammatory component in the pathophysiology of manganese neurotoxicity.
