期刊
ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
卷 11, 期 50, 页码 46864-46874出版社
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b16794
关键词
lithium plating; lithium-ion battery; fast charging; interfacial modification; graphite anode
资金
- U.S. Department of Energy Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy under the Advanced Battery Materials Research program [DE-EE0007785]
- Center for Mesoscale Transport Properties, an Energy Frontier Research Center - DOE-BES [DE-SC0012673]
- DOE Office of Science [DE-SC0012704]
- Center for Functional Nanomaterials, U.S. DOE Office of Science Facility, at Brookhaven National Laboratory [DE-SC0012704]
- Science Undergraduate Laboratory Internship (SULI) Program, Brookhaven National Laboratory
Lithium-metal deposition on graphite anodes limits the cycle life and negatively impacts safety of the current state of the art Li-ion batteries. Herein, deliberate interfacial modification of graphite electrodes via direct current (DC) magnetron sputtering of nanoscale layers of Cu and Ni is employed to increase the overpotential for Li deposition and suppress Li plating under high rate charge conditions. Due to their nanoscale, the deposited surface films have minimal impact (similar to 0.16% decrease) on cell level theoretical energy density. Interfacial properties of the anodes are thoroughly characterized by atomic force microscopy (AFM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and spatially resolved mapping X-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES) spectroscopy. The spectroscopic measurements indicate that the Cu and Ni coatings form oxide upon exposure to an ambient environment, but they are reduced within the electrochemical cell and remain in a metallic state. Li plating is quantified by X-ray diffraction and associated electrochemistry measurements revealing that the surface treatment effectively reduces the quantity of the plated Li metal by similar to 50% compared to untreated electrodes. These results establish an effective method using interfacial modification to achieve deliberate control of Li-metal deposition overpotential and reduction of lithium plating on graphite.
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