Article
Food Science & Technology
Xiaodan Hu, Haiying Liu, Yongtao Yu, Gaoke Li, Xitao Qi, Yuliang Li, Tong Li, Xinbo Guo, Rui Hai Liu
Summary: The study found that the phenolic and flavonoid contents in different genotypes of sweet corn kernels increased from 10 to 30 days after pollination, with higher levels in the YT28 genotype possibly due to higher expression of the CHS gene. Sweet corn has competitive phenolic contents, antioxidant capacities, and antiproliferative abilities, with its bioactive potential and nutritional value increasing during the maturation process.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Agronomy
Miroslaw Wyszkowski, Marzena S. Brodowska
Summary: This study found that potassium and nitrogen fertilizers have significant impacts on the trace element content of maize, with potassium fertilizer increasing multiple element contents and nitrogen fertilizer primarily increasing manganese and iron contents while decreasing others.
Article
Agronomy
Dongliang Qi, Chen Pan
Summary: Waterlogging is a crucial environmental factor that limits maize production during the early growing stage. This study investigated the effects of varying nitrogen fertilizer application rates on shoot biomass accumulation and its distribution, nitrogen uptake, and nitrogen use efficiency in maize under waterlogged conditions. The results showed that waterlogging significantly reduced shoot biomass and nitrogen accumulation, but increasing nitrogen application rates improved these parameters. Higher nitrogen treatments also increased root biomass and length density, resulting in enhanced nitrate reductase activity and nitrogen use efficiency. Moreover, the highest nitrogen treatment improved biomass distribution in the kernel and facilitated biomass transfer to the grain, leading to an enhanced harvest index. Therefore, increasing nitrogen application rates can improve biomass accumulation and utilization in waterlogged maize.
AGRICULTURAL WATER MANAGEMENT
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
Yushi Zhang, Yubin Wang, Churong Liu, Delian Ye, Danyang Ren, Zhaohu Li, Mingcai Zhang
Summary: Ethephon application in maize production can decrease grain yield, but it can also increase post-silking nitrogen remobilization and improve nitrogen use efficiency. Ethephon treatment also affects plant growth and nitrogen uptake.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Agronomy
N. E. Maltese, G. A. Maddonni, R. J. M. Melchiori, I. A. Ciampitti, O. P. Caviglia
Summary: Changes in biomass and nitrogen partitioning between leaves and stems in maize at the silking stage can affect the diagnosis of crop nitrogen status and fertilizer recommendations. The ratio of nitrogen concentration between leaves and stems plays a crucial role in nitrogen uptake and yield. This research provides valuable insights for improving current nitrogen diagnostic tools based on the nitrogen nutrition index.
FIELD CROPS RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Mikhail A. Filyushin, Elena Z. Kochieva, Anna Shchennikova
Summary: In this study, a new DREB gene, ZmDREB2.9, was identified and characterized in maize. It was found to have two splice isoforms and showed differential expression in various tissues. Comparison with other genes revealed that ZmDREB2.9-S, ZmDREB2.2, and ZmDREB2.1/2A may play important roles in maize stress resistance.
Article
Plant Sciences
Syed Faheem Anjum Gillani, Zelong Zhuang, Adnan Rasheed, Inzamam Ul Haq, Asim Abbasi, Shakil Ahmed, Yinxia Wang, Muhammad Tajammal Khan, Rehana Sardar, Yunling Peng
Summary: This study investigated the effects of brassinosteroids on drought resistance in different maize genotypes at physiological and transcriptomic levels. The results showed that plant hormonal signal transduction and starch and sucrose metabolism were enhanced in all genotypes, while phenylpropanoid biosynthesis was enhanced in the more drought-tolerant genotypes. This study provides valuable information on drought-responsive mechanisms and candidate gene resources for maize improvement.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
Sirlene Lopes Oliveira, Carlos Alexandre Costa Crusciol, Vitor Alves Rodrigues, Tatiani Mayara Galeriani, Jose Roberto Portugal, Joao William Bossolani, Luiz Gustavo Moretti, Juliano Carlos Calonego, Heitor Cantarella
Summary: This study evaluated the efficiency of foliar application of molybdenum (Mo) to soybean and maize, and found that Mo supplementation increased nitrogen metabolism and the plant's response to carbon fixation, resulting in improved crop yields and photosynthesis.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
Alden C. Perkins, Jonathan P. Lynch
Summary: The research shows that seminal roots can improve the acquisition of nitrogen and phosphorus in maize seedlings, with increased seed size associated with maize domestication possibly facilitating the increase in seminal root number. The study also suggests that the optimal number of seminal roots for nutrient acquisition in teosinte is constrained by its limited seed carbohydrate reserves.
Article
Agronomy
Daniel Villwock, Sabine Kurz, Jens Hartung, Maria Mueller-Lindenlauf
Summary: The study investigates the effects of maize-bean intercropping on maize yield, protein yield, and soil nitrogen content. Varying bean density and nitrogen fertilization levels have limited impact on maize yield, suggesting the potential for further optimization of intercropping efficiency and reducing nitrogen fertilizer levels.
Article
Agronomy
Piotr Szulc, Daniel Krauklis, Katarzyna Ambrozy-Deregowska, Barbara Wrobel, Waldemar Zielewicz, Gniewko Niedbala, Przemyslaw Kardasz, Mohsen Niazian
Summary: This study assessed the nutritional status of maize in critical growth stages by analyzing three different maize cultivars. The research showed significant response of maize to nitrogen fertilizers, especially during the period from the five-leaf stage to the full flowering stage. It also highlighted the importance of nitrogen and potassium content in determining the kernel weight in the ear.
Article
Agronomy
N. E. Maltese, G. A. Maddonni, R. J. M. Melchiori, O. P. Caviglia
Summary: Variability in the relationship between total kernel number per plant (KNP) and plant growth rate (PGR) in maize genotypes, as well as the effect of nitrogen supply on kernel set efficiency (KSE), have been extensively studied. Nitrogen supply affects PGR and subsequently KNP, with a direct impact on KSE under specific environmental conditions.
FIELD CROPS RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Anika Kovincic, Ksenija Markovic, Danijela Ristic, Vojka Babic, Tanja Petrovic, Tomislav Zivanovic, Natalija Kravic
Summary: To ensure genetic purity in crop varieties, this study examined the discriminative power of morphological, biochemical, and SSR markers for seed purity assay using maize hybrids and its parental inbreeds as a model system. Morphological markers identified the highest number of off-type plants, while molecular analysis detected two types of genetic profile irregularity. The study also reported on the ability of the umc1545 primer pair to detect non-specific bands, supporting its use for accurate and time-efficient genetic purity testing in maize hybrids and parental lines.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Qiyu Luo, Hao Fu, Fang Hu, Shiguo Li, Qiqi Chen, Shangming Peng, Cunyi Yang, Yaoguang Liu, Yong Chen
Summary: This study reveals that nitrogen metabolism may be a target-resistant site in goosegrass, providing insights into the mechanisms of glufosinate resistance. Comparing the physiological and gene expression differences between glufosinate-susceptible and resistant goosegrass, the study identifies a potential role of nitrogen metabolism in glufosinate tolerance.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Chenling He, Yibin Lin, Yifang Zhang, Lu Tong, Yuanxing Ding, Min Yao, Qian Liu, Rensen Zeng, Dongmei Chen, Yuanyuan Song
Summary: This study examined the effect of aboveground herbivory on mycorrhiza-dependent nitrogen uptake in maize. The results showed that aboveground leaf herbivory did not affect nitrogen acquisition from soil via extraradical mycorrhizal mycelium, but it blocked nitrogen transfer from neighboring plants through common mycorrhizal networks (CMNs).
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Textiles
Yanlai Wang, Xiuyun Xiao, Shu Wang, Kang Li, Ying Jiang, Yifa Ma, Tonghua Zhang, Ruilong Ran
Summary: The experiment revealed that the alkali lignin extracted from palm fiber has superior UV absorption properties compared to bamboo fiber. The UV absorbing functional groups in palm fibers include phenol OH, aliphatic OH, aromatic ring, and triple bond structure, which contribute to its high UV absorbance. Furthermore, the high protein content and concentrated aromatic structures in palm fibers also contribute to its UV blocking mechanism.
JOURNAL OF NATURAL FIBERS
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Textiles
M. Umashankaran, S. Gopalakrishnan
Summary: The suitability of Pongamia pinnata L. bark fiber (PPF) as a polymer reinforcement was identified for the first time in this article. The chemical analysis and characterization revealed its characteristics, including high cellulose content, crystallinity, and low hemicellulose content, indicating its suitability for fabricating eco-friendly bio-composites.
JOURNAL OF NATURAL FIBERS
(2021)
Article
Agronomy
Diego Pizzeghello, Livio Bellin, Serenella Nardi, Ornella Francioso, Andrea Squartini, Giuseppe Concheri
Summary: The use of compost from green and woody residues is a promising strategy to counteract the loss of organic matter in agricultural soils. This study investigated the effects of wood-based compost (WBC) on physical and chemical soil properties in an organic farm in NE Italy, and found that WBC significantly increased organic C content and available P in both vineyard and field-scale soil compared to conventional fertilization. The analysis of bacterial community through DNA metabarcoding revealed unique characteristics of WBC and its stimulating effect on root development.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Serenella Nardi, Michela Schiavon, Ornella Francioso
Summary: Humic substances (HS) are recognized as natural growth promoters in sustainable agriculture, with their biological activity in plants being influenced by factors such as chemical structure and molecular size. These substances target key physiological pathways in plants to enhance growth and development.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Paulo Torres, Merce Balcells, Ramon Canela-Garayoa
Summary: The Diels-Alder reaction generates products with different stereochemical configurations, which can often be predicted by the endo rule when the dienophile has a single electron-withdrawing substituent. The use of chiral eutectic solvents has become a novel tool in asymmetric synthesis to improve reaction yields and selectivity, maintaining sustainability in organic synthesis.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Alberto Millan Acosta, Clara Cuesta Turull, Diana Cosovanu, Nuria Sala Marti, Ramon Canela-Garayoa
Summary: The study describes for the first time the whole-cell oxidation of HMF to DFF by Fusarium culmorum EAN 51, with the biocatalytic transformation considered more cost-effective compared to chemocatalytic methods. By optimizing the nutrient concentrations, high yields and selectivity in the transformation process were achieved, opening up new possibilities for sustainable production of DFF from renewable biobased resources.
ACS SUSTAINABLE CHEMISTRY & ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Agronomy
Veronica Santoro, Michela Schiavon, Ivan Visentin, Maria Martin, Daniel Said-Pullicino, Francesca Cardinale, Luisella Celi
Summary: This study reveals the role of strigolactones (SLs) in modulating tomato plants' acclimation to phosphorus deficiency. SL-depleted tomato plants were more efficient in phosphorus acquisition than wild-type plants, although the phosphorus acquisition efficiency did not significantly increase. This highlights the central role of SLs in controlling phosphorus uptake and optimizing the cost/benefit ratio of phosphorus acquisition.
Editorial Material
Plant Sciences
Serenella Nardi, Michela Schiavon, Adele Muscolo, Diego Pizzeghello, Andrea Ertani, Luciano Pasqualoto Canellas, Jose M. Garcia-Mina
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
Leonardo Warzea Lima, McKenna Castleberry, Ami L. Wangeline, Bernadette Aguirre, Stefano Dall'Acqua, Elizabeth A. H. Pilon-Smits, Michela Schiavon
Summary: This study analyzed the effects of selenium hyperaccumulation on the fitness of Stanleya pinnata and found that the variation in selenium accumulation did not appear to enhance or compromise the plant's fitness in seleniferous habitats.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Diana Cosovanu, Alberto Millan Acosta, Pau Cabaneros Lopez, Krist Gernaey, Qian Li, Rene Lametsch, Ramon Canela-Garayoa, Jordi Eras, Gemma Villorbina
Summary: This study focused on the biotransformation of HMF into DHMF using low-cost protein hydrolysates obtained from meat industry waste residues. The hydrolysis of protein was optimized using two commercial proteases, leading to higher DHMF yield compared to using commercial peptones. The use of these hydrolysates as a nitrogen source improved sporulation of the fungus, resulting in a higher conversion yield.
Article
Plant Sciences
Michela Schiavon, Serenella Nardi, Elizabeth A. H. Pilon-Smits, Stefano Dall'Acqua
Summary: Biofortification is a process that aims to enrich crops with micronutrients and valuable compounds. Selenium biofortification has gained increasing interest due to the rise in Se deficiency. This study investigated the effects of foliar Se application on two rocket species grown in soil and compared the results with hydroponic supplementation. The metabolic responses varied between species and doses of Se.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Archaeology
Mara Migliavacca, Diego Pizzeghello, Luca Grigoletto, Ornella Francioso, Serenella Nardi
Summary: This study focuses on the surroundings of Castello del Tartaro in Valli Grandi Veronesi, North Italy, where double parallel side drainage ditches, interpreted as a droveway for cattle, were found. By sampling the road at different levels of depth and assessing the content of inorganic and organic phosphorus, the study found discontinuities and phosphorus accumulation in layers under the arable land. Stable isotope analysis confirmed the presence of herbivores, while gas chromatography analysis identified significant fatty acids from ruminant animals. Overall, the results support the hypothesis of a droveway and highlight the importance of cattle husbandry in Bronze Age commercial relationships.
JOURNAL OF ARCHAEOLOGICAL SCIENCE-REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Soil Science
Sara Martinengo, Michela Schiavon, Veronica Santoro, Daniel Said-Pullicino, Marco Romani, Eleonora Francesca Miniotti, Luisella Celi, Maria Martin
Summary: This study aims to estimate the availability of phosphorus (P) in paddy soils by coupling redox mechanisms and plant responses. The results show that readily desorbable P pools are better predictors of P availability than Fe-bound pools, and there is an asynchrony between Fe reduction and plant P demand.
BIOLOGY AND FERTILITY OF SOILS
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Francesca Dalla Vecchia, Serenella Nardi, Veronica Santoro, Elizabeth Pilon-Smits, Michela Schiavon
Summary: This study evaluated the potential of Brassica juncea and Stanleya pinnata in taking up and storing chromium and selenium. The results showed that the two plants have different affinities for the two elements and their joint application restricted the accumulation of both elements. Additionally, both chromium and selenium decreased sulfur accumulation in the plants.
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Veronica Santoro, Maria Cristina Della Lucia, Ornella Francioso, Piergiorgio Stevanato, Giovanni Bertoldo, Matteo Borella, Erika Ferrari, Claudio Zaccone, Michela Schiavon, Diego Pizzeghello, Serenella Nardi
Summary: This study evaluated the effects of two lignohumates on maize plants under different phosphorus availability conditions and explored the underlying mechanisms. The results showed that one of the humates (H1) was able to enhance phosphorus acquisition efficiency and biomass production under low phosphorus conditions, while also promoting plant growth and increasing antioxidant capacity.
