Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Rosa Marchetti, Valerio Faeti, Maurizio Gallo, Massimo Pindo, Davide Bochicchio, Luca Buttazzoni, Giacinto Della Casa
Summary: Weaning and the following two months pose significant risks to a pig's gastrointestinal health. The change in diet and accelerated intestinal maturation can lead to digestion and absorption issues, causing diarrhea. Antibiotics are no longer effective in resolving these problems, so finding a balance between intestinal health and growth becomes crucial. This study evaluated the impact of dietary protein levels on piglet growth and post-weaning diarrhea (PWD) incidence, finding that a low protein diet reduced PWD while minimally affecting growth parameters.
Article
Microbiology
Xin Ma, Yuchen Zhang, Tingting Xu, Mengqi Qian, Zhiren Yang, Xiuan Zhan, Xinyan Han
Summary: The study showed that early-life FMT can alleviate weaning stress in piglets by modifying the intestinal microbiota, leading to decreased diarrhea incidence, improved intestinal morphology, reduced intestinal inflammation, and modified bacterial composition and function in the intestine.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Md Karim Uddin, Shah Hasan, Md Rayhan Mahmud, Olli Peltoniemi, Claudio Oliviero
Summary: Supplementing sow and piglet diets with resin acid-enriched composition (RAC) can modulate gut microbiota, reduce inflammation, improve growth performance of post-weaning piglets, and prevent post-weaning diarrhea. RAC is a potential natural feed supplement to improve piglet growth performance and is an alternative to antibiotics for preventing post-weaning diarrhea.
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Xianrui Zheng, Ke Nie, Yiliang Xu, Huibin Zhang, Fan Xie, Liming Xu, Zhiyong Zhang, Yueyun Ding, Zongjun Yin, Xiaodong Zhang
Summary: This study analyzed the differences in gut microbial structures and fecal metabolic profile between post-weaning diarrhea and healthy Chinese Wannan Black pigs using 16S rRNA gene sequencing and LC/MS-based metabolomics. The results revealed an increase in the relative abundance of the bacterial genus Campylobacter and a decrease in phylum Bacteroidetes and the species Streptococcus gallolyticus subsp. macedonicus in piglet diarrhea. Significant changes in the fecal metabolic profile, particularly higher levels of polyamines (spermine and spermidine), were also detected in diarrheic piglets. Furthermore, there were substantial associations between the disturbed gut microbiota and the altered fecal metabolites, especially a strong positive relationship between spermidine and Campylobacter.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Lijun Shang, Fengjuan Yang, Yushu Wei, Ziqi Dai, Qingyun Chen, Xiangfang Zeng, Shiyan Qiao, Haitao Yu
Summary: This study investigated the effects of gentamicin treatment on the gut microbiota composition and metabolite profile using susceptible piglet models. It was found that gentamicin significantly alleviated diarrhea and intestinal injury, increased the species richness but decreased community evenness of the gut microbiota. Gentamicin treatment also led to the formation of a novel metabolite composition profile. The KEGG database annotation revealed that arachidonic acid metabolism was downregulated while vancomycin resistance pathway was upregulated after gentamicin treatment. Furthermore, the study identified seven possible targets of gentamicin closely related to these two functional pathways through a comprehensive analysis.
Article
Microbiology
Francesco Miragoli, Vania Patrone, Aldo Prandini, Samantha Sigolo, Matteo Dell'Anno, Luciana Rossi, Alice Senizza, Lorenzo Morelli, Maria Luisa Callegari
Summary: The addition of tributyrin to piglets' basal diet at weaning can significantly alter the composition of their gut microbiota, increasing the abundance of beneficial bacterial genera. This can improve animal growth performance and influence the functional potential of the gut microbiome.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Jia Zheng, Ling Zhang, Ying Gao, Honghua Wu, Junqing Zhang
Summary: A maternal high-fat diet can lead to metabolic disorders and dysbiosis of gut microbiota in offspring after weaning. Although a normal diet after weaning can restore metabolic disorders, the composition of gut microbiota remains different, which may contribute to the susceptibility to obesity and diabetes in the offspring.
FRONTIERS IN NUTRITION
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Weifa Su, Zhixue Li, Tao Gong, Fengqin Wang, Mingliang Jin, Yizhen Wang, Zeqing Lu
Summary: In this study, a novel alternative ZnO (AZO) was developed and its effects on the growth performance, diarrhea, zinc metabolism, and gut barrier function of weaning piglets were evaluated. The results showed that low-dose AZO improved growth performance and reduced diarrhea, and when combined with probiotics, it enhanced digestibility, gut barrier function, and gut microbiota diversity. Additionally, AZO had unique physicochemical properties compared to other forms of ZnO, with a larger surface area and lower toxicity.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Biology
Wen Ren, Bing Yu, Jie Yu, Ping Zheng, Zhiqing Huang, Junqiu Luo, Xiangbing Mao, Jun He, Hui Yan, Jinlong Wu, Daiwen Chen, Yuheng Luo
Summary: Growing evidences indicate a direct connection between diarrhea and gut microbiota disorders in pigs. This study compared the microbial community, functions, and metabolites between healthy weaned piglets and piglets with post-weaning diarrhea to identify microbial markers associated with diarrhea. The results showed that the composition, function, and metabolic profile of the microbiota were significantly altered in piglets with diarrhea, and the reduced abundance of Bacteroides was closely associated with the diarrhea status. The study suggests that the lower abundance of Bacteroides and associated metabolic dysfunction may serve as microbial markers for post-weaning diarrhea in piglets.
SCIENCE CHINA-LIFE SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yu Bai, Zhenyu Wang, Xingjian Zhou, Yaowen Zhang, Hao Ye, Haotian Wang, Yu Pi, Shuai Lian, Dandan Han, Junjun Wang
Summary: Ingestion of xylooligosaccharides (Xos) can improve growth performance and feed efficiency in suckling piglets, while xylan (Xyl) ingestion may have negative effects on feed efficiency and hindgut fermentation capacity of weanling piglets.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Kai He, Jie Xiong, Wentao Yang, Lizhuo Zhao, Tianqi Wang, Weifeng Qian, Suhui Hu, Qiangqiang Wang, Muhammad Tahir Aleem, Wei Miao, Wenchao Yan
Summary: In this study, metagenomic analysis based on shotgun sequencing was conducted to investigate the impact of B. coli colonization on the gut bacterial structure and function of weaned piglets. The results showed that B. coli infection led to decreased diversity and shifted composition and function of the bacterial community. Prevotella species were significantly increased in abundance in B. coli-infected piglets. Functional analysis revealed that pathways related to sugar-specific phosphotransferase system (PTS), two-component regulatory system, and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) biosynthesis were more enriched in B. coli-infected piglets. Prevotella species were positively correlated to lipid A synthesis, leading to endotoxin releasing and inflammation in the intestines of weaned piglets.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Min-Jin Kwak, Sun-Woo Choi, Yong-Soon Choi, Hanbae Lee, Kwang-Youn Whang
Summary: This study demonstrates that adding appropriate SPL supplementation in early-weaned piglets can improve growth performance, histological indices, and gene expression levels related to mucin secretion and local inflammation. Furthermore, SPL supplementation increases the population of beneficial bacteria Prevotella and its short-chain fatty acid production, leading to a reduced occurrence of diarrhea in piglets after weaning.
BMC VETERINARY RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Yongdi Zeng, Zirui Wang, Tiande Zou, Jun Chen, Guanhong Li, Liuzhen Zheng, Shuo Li, Jinming You
Summary: This study found that dietary supplementation of 400mg/kg bacteriophage can improve the growth performance, intestinal morphology, barrier function, and gut microbiota of weaned piglets, serving as an antibiotic alternative. The underlying mechanism involves a positive effect on intestinal inflammation, barrier function, and gut microbiota.
FRONTIERS IN VETERINARY SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Junying Sun, Kaijun Wang, Baichang Xu, Xiaomin Peng, Beibei Chai, Siwei Nong, Zheng Li, Shuibao Shen, Hongbin Si
Summary: The study showed that replacing zinc oxide with dietary hydrolyzed Chinese gallnut tannic acid (GCT) in the diet of weaned piglets can reduce the diarrhea rate, decrease the crypt depth of the ileum, and improve antioxidant capacity. High throughput sequencing indicated that GCT increased the richness of bacteria associated with the degradation of cellulose and hemicellulose. These results suggest that GCT could be a potential alternative for zinc oxide in the diet of piglets.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Diana Luise, Federico Correa, Tristan Chalvon-Demersay, Livio Galosi, Giacomo Rossi, William Lambert, Paolo Bosi, Paolo Trevisi
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the effects of mixing doses of glutamate and glutamine on the growth, health, and gut health of post-weaning piglets. The results showed that an appropriate dose of glutamine could improve piglet growth, enhance fecal consistency, and increase certain cell percentages in the blood. Additionally, these amino acids also improved intestinal barrier integrity.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)