Article
Engineering, Environmental
Manuel Gruber, Denis Wiedmann, Manuel Haas, Stefan Harth, Alexandra Loukou, Dimosthenis Trimis
Summary: This article presents a simulation-based analysis of experimental results of the methanation of CO2 in a catalytic fixed-bed reactor. The study developed a numerical characterization method based on temperature profiles and reactant conversions, systematically investigating parameters like heat transfer coefficients. A simple numerical method for determining the effective heat conductivity of the bed in binary bidisperse fixed-beds was introduced. The study also highlighted the challenges of modeling effective reaction rates in industrial sized catalysts and reactors, emphasizing the interlinking aspects and presenting a step-by-step analysis to understand the complex process. The results showed excellent agreement between experiments and numerics, providing deep insights into the methanation process in a cooled fixed-bed reactor.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Thermodynamics
Daria Katla, Daniel Wecel, Michal Jurczyk, Anna Skorek-Osikowska
Summary: This paper presents the results of tests conducted on a fixed-bed methanation reactor at Silesian University of Technology. The reactor was filled with nickel powder and Ru/(Al2O3) as a catalyst. The tests examined the effect of different volumetric flows of CO2 and H2 on the gas composition, as well as the pressure. The results showed that the volumetric share of CH4 in the produced Synthetic Natural Gas ranged from 71.0% to 74.5% under atmospheric conditions, and CH4 content was between 88.6% and 89.5% at a reaction pressure of 5 bar.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Mario Esteban, Luis M. Romeo
Summary: The decarbonization of the industrial sector is crucial for sustainable future, with CO2 being considered as an attractive alternative. Power to gas is a promising option, where proper storage pressure is key to minimizing system costs. H-2 storage costs are higher than CO2 due to lower density.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2021)
Article
Thermodynamics
N. Meynet, Y. Kara, M. Maheut, M. Hervy, L. Brito, J. Maistrello
Summary: In this paper, recent numerical investigations on the simulation of an isothermal fluidized bed methanation reactor and the comparison with in situ experimental measurements at demonstration-scale are presented. The temperature of the reactor is controlled by a carbon dioxide cooling loop with a tubular heat exchanger immersed in the reactive catalytic zone. The objective of this work is to demonstrate the CFD capability to predict hydrodynamics and thermal efficiency within the methanation reactor at demonstration scale. A good agreement between experimental and numerical results is obtained for CO methanation as well as for CO2 methanation.
THERMAL SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING PROGRESS
(2023)
Article
Thermodynamics
Mahdi Momeni, M. Soltani, M. Hosseinpour, Jatin Nathwani
Summary: This paper investigates the recycling of carbon dioxide emissions from gas-fired power plants into synthetic natural gas through a novel power-to-gas process for energy storage and emission reduction. The system performance is evaluated from technical, economic, and environmental perspectives, with the power-to-gas process achieving a production yield of over 97% at optimal conditions. The hybrid power-to-gas process integrates power from gas plants and renewable energies, providing total annual energy storage of 2.9 x 10(7) GJ and recycling 1.6 Mton of carbon dioxide for emission reduction.
ENERGY CONVERSION AND MANAGEMENT
(2021)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Eero Inkeri, Tero Tynjala, Hannu Karjunen
Summary: PtG technology integrates renewable electricity production into the energy system with flexible load regulation and low-emission methane. The operation of the electrolyzer is related to the intermittency of renewable electricity production and electricity markets, resulting in varying full load hours (FLH) with different characteristics.
Article
Thermodynamics
Manuel Bailera, Pilar Lisbona, Begona Pena, Andreina Alarcon, Jordi Guilera, Jorge Perpinan, Luis M. Romeo
Summary: This study compared nickel and ruthenium promoted by ceria as catalyst active phase for the production of synthetic natural gas. Nickel-based catalyst exhibited higher CO2 conversion and showed less reduction of BET area and metal dispersion after utilization. Two kinetic models were established, with the kinetic model of the nickel-based catalyst performing better in fitting with the experimental data.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Laura Gomez, Isabel Martinez, Maria V. Navarro, Tomas Garcia, Ramon Murillo
Summary: Sorption-enhanced methanation is a solution for producing high quality SNG under mild conditions, using an adsorbent to retain the by-product water. Rh-based catalyst and 5A zeolite adsorbent show potential for CO and CO2 hydrogenation. Pure CH4 production is achieved with stable performance under the selected operating conditions.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Florian Kiefer, Marin Nikolic, Andreas Borgschulte, Panayotis Dimopoulos Eggenschwiler
Summary: This study investigates the production of synthetic methane as a substitute for natural gas. The results show that high conversion at low pressure can be achieved through sorption enhancement at laboratory scale. However, heat generation in the reactor remains a major challenge in large-scale reactors.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Xiaozhong Chen, Zunrong Sheng, Sho Murata, Shungo Zen, Hyun-Ha Kim, Tomohiro Nozaki
Summary: Dry methane reforming was studied in a newly developed fluidized-bed dielectric barrier discharge reactor, showing significant promotion compared to a packed-bed DBD reactor. The extended surface area of powdered catalysts and their interaction with plasma-generated reactive species in the fluidized-bed reactor were found to be the main mechanisms for promoting DMR. Additionally, enhanced heat and mass transport, along with longer residence time, contributed greatly to the enhancement of DMR performance.
JOURNAL OF CO2 UTILIZATION
(2021)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Daniele Candelaresi, Giuseppe Spazzafumo
Summary: This study proposes a system for the simultaneous production of synthetic natural gas (SNG) and electricity from biomass and renewable energy sources, using the Allam thermodynamic cycle as the power unit. The system uses oxycombustion of biomass syngas and electrolytic oxygen, and thermochemical methanation of CO2 generated from oxycombustion with renewable hydrogen to produce SNG. The overall plant efficiency is 67.6% and significant amounts of electricity and high-calorific-value SNG are produced.
Article
Energy & Fuels
P. Aragues-Aldea, A. Sanz-Martinez, P. Duran, E. Frances, J. A. Pena, J. Herguido
Summary: This study successfully demonstrated the effect of distributed feeding on the methanation of CO2, improving the selectivity towards CH4 and enhancing the overall process performance.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Maxime Hervy, Jonathan Maistrello, Larissa Brito, Mathilde Rizand, Etienne Basset, Yilmaz Kara, Marion Maheut
Summary: CO2 methanation tests were conducted in a demonstration scale fluidized bed reactor to investigate its efficiency and flexibility in Power-to-Methane production. The technology showed excellent performance in achieving maximum conversion in one step under various operating conditions. Efficient management of methanation exothermicity and optimized catalyst activity contributed to the reactor's high flexibility and quick stabilization time for permanent operation.
JOURNAL OF CO2 UTILIZATION
(2021)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Carolina Feickert Fenske, Franz Kirzeder, Dietmar Struebing, Konrad Koch
Summary: The study focuses on the application of biological methanation technology in trickle bed reactors for energy storage. A pilot-scale trickle bed reactor was constructed in a wastewater treatment plant for upgrading raw biogas. The study found that increasing ammonium concentration was the most successful method for pH control, allowing stable and long-term biogas upgrading with high methane production.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Alessandro Porta, Carlo Giorgio Visconti, Lidia Castoldi, Roberto Matarrese, Chae Jeong-Potter, Robert Farrauto, Luca Lietti
Summary: The study compared the catalytic behavior of Ru-BaO/Al2O3 with BaO/Al2O3 + Ru/Al2O3 in cyclic CO2 capture and methanation, and found that the intimate mixture has enhanced H-2 reactivity and CH4 formation.
APPLIED CATALYSIS B-ENVIRONMENTAL
(2021)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Antonio Coppola, Fiorella Massa, Piero Salatino, Fabrizio Scala
Summary: A novel process configuration for sorption-enhanced methanation (SEM) using dual interconnected fluidized beds was proposed, with testing of two possible H2O sorbents under simulated SEM conditions showing that the zeolite performed better than CaO in terms of adsorption capacity and stability.
BIOMASS CONVERSION AND BIOREFINERY
(2021)
Editorial Material
Engineering, Chemical
Alberto Di Renzo, Fabrizio Scala, Stefan Heinrich
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Jana Ruzickova, Helena Raclavska, Michal Safar, Marek Kucbel, Barbora Svedova, Konstantin Raclavsky, Dagmar Juchelkova, Fabrizio Scala, Pavel Kantor
Summary: This study highlights the environmental risks associated with burning paper/cardboard briquettes, which may release harmful organic compounds affecting human health. It underscores the importance of understanding and managing the potential health hazards posed by the combustion of these materials.
JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Antonio Coppola, Aida Sattari, Fabio Montagnaro, Fabrizio Scala, Piero Salatino
Summary: This article focuses on the CO2 uptake performance and attrition/fragmentation tendency of sorbents in a dual interconnected fluidized bed system when simulating the conditions of a sorption-enhanced gasification process. The experiments were conducted on a commercial Italian limestone in a laboratory-scale reactor. The results show that the temperature and presence of steam have an influence on the sorption performance. Additionally, the impact fragmentation tests reveal the relationship between the sample's fragmentation characteristics and the preprocessing conditions in the fluidized bed.
Review
Energy & Fuels
Antonio Coppola, Fabrizio Scala
Summary: Chemical looping combustion of solid biomass has the unique potential to generate energy with negative carbon emissions, but faces challenges related to oxygen carrier performance, interaction with biomass ash components, and efficiency of gas-solid contact, which require further research and development for commercialization.
Article
Thermodynamics
Chanoknunt Khaobang, Prysathryd Sarabhorn, Chootrakul Siripaiboon, Fabrizio Scala, Chinnathan Areeprasert
Summary: The combined pyrolysis and decoupling gasification process shows great potential in reducing costs and increasing energy recovery efficiency for e-waste recycling and metal recovery.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Antonio Coppola, Fabrizio Scala, Mehdi Azadi
Summary: This study evaluated the direct dry mineral carbonation of selected mining and industrial wastes using carbon dioxide from combustion flue gas. The experimental results showed a low but appreciable CO2 capture capacity for three of the tested materials, suggesting the potential for recycling mining waste and offsetting carbon emissions in the mining industry.
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Elvis Tinashe Ganda, Paola Brachi, Massimo Urciuolo, Renata Migliaccio, Antonio Coppola, Fabrizio Scala, Piero Salatino, Giovanna Ruoppolo
Summary: The effects of light and mild torrefaction on the fluidized bed fast pyrolysis of residual olive stone were investigated. It was found that higher torrefaction temperature led to decreased yield and increased higher heating value, as well as increased phenolic and aromatic derivatives in the bio-liquids.
BIOFUELS BIOPRODUCTS & BIOREFINING-BIOFPR
(2023)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Roberto Chirone, Andrea Paulillo, Antonio Coppola, Fabrizio Scala
Summary: The production of synthetic methane using CO2 from flue gases and green hydrogen offers a promising method to combine renewable energy, chemical storage, and CO2 utilization. A novel reactor configuration has been proposed to ensure high methane yields, temperature control, and low operating pressure. The integration of different sections of the system offers several advantages. The performance of the system was evaluated in terms of costs and environmental impact, showing higher production costs compared to natural gas but lower than biomethane.
Article
Thermodynamics
Chootrakul Siripaiboon, Prysathyrd Sarabhorn, Chinnathan Areeprasert, Fabrizio Scala
Summary: This study compared a novel top-lit downdraft gasifier stove (TLDDGS) with a traditional top-lit updraft gasifier stove (TLUDGS) in terms of modeling and performance. The TLDDGS exhibited a downward-flow configuration and showed superior flame stability. The experimental results demonstrated that TLDDGS had an average fuel consumption of 4.57 +/- 0.933 g/min, an average flame temperature of 608 +/- 43 degrees C, and met the local standard for emissions.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Antonio Coppola, Fiorella Massa, Fabrizio Scala
Summary: In the context of carbon capture and utilization technologies and bio-energy transition, catalytic methanation is considered as an interesting pathway for producing synthetic methane for energy storage. Synthetic methane has significant advantages such as existing infrastructure, social acceptance, and widespread usage. The production of synthetic methane is being investigated by the scientific community.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Laura Molignano, Maurizio Troiano, Roberto Solimene, Sina Tebianian, Fabrizio Scala, Piero Salatino, Jean-Francois Joly
Summary: The hydrodynamics of bubbling fluidized beds of Geldart B granular solids operated at ambient temperature and at 500 degrees C are investigated. The statistical analysis shows multimodal patterns in the Probability Density Functions (PDF) of local bed voidage, with a bimodal character apparent in the emulsion phase at higher gas superficial velocities. Two phases with different porosity, LV-phase and HV-phase, are inferred to co-exist in the emulsion phase. The influence of bed hydrodynamics and expansion patterns on gas mass transfer around freely moving particles is also studied.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Antonio Coppola, Fiorella Massa, Fabio Montagnaro, Fabrizio Scala
Summary: Sorption-Enhanced Gasification (SEG) is a promising technology that selectively removes CO2 from the gasification environment using Ca-based sorbents. This study investigates the performance and attrition/fragmentation tendency of six different commercial limestones under simulated SEG conditions. The experimental campaign was carried out in a lab-scale Dual Interconnected Fluidised Bed (DIFB) reactor, and the results were analyzed based on operating conditions and characterization tests.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Prysathryd Sarabhorn, Panawit Sitthichirachat, Chootrakul Siripaiboon, Chanoknunt Khaobang, Prachya Palay, Tanaporn Thapsamut, Haryo Wibowo, Chinnathan Areeprasert, Fabrizio Scala
Summary: This study comprehensively evaluated the gasification of wood pellets in a pilot-scale decoupling gasifier. The results showed that the decoupling gasifier had lower temperatures in all zones compared to the conventional updraft gasifier. The tar yield from the decoupling gasifier was significantly lower, but the lower heating value (LHV) of syngas was also lower than that from updraft gasification. Kinetics and thermodynamics analysis suggested that the energy requirement for wood pellet decomposition was slightly higher in the decoupling gasifier due to its higher activation energy, and the presence of CO2 in the flue gas atmosphere caused more heavy volatiles and char.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Vincenzo Del Duca, Paola Brachi, Riccardo Chirone, Roberto Chirone, Antonio Coppola, Michele Miccio, Giovanna Ruoppolo
Summary: A detailed investigation combining experimental and theoretical approaches was conducted to understand the hydrodynamics of multicomponent particle beds involving biomass. The study involved experiments on mixing and segregation behavior, analysis of the effect of biomass weight and volume fractions, and scrutiny of key factors influencing the behavior of binary mixtures using artificial neural network techniques. The density difference of the bed components was found to be the main factor determining the mixing/segregation behavior, and the velocities of minimum and complete fluidization increased with the increase of biomass weight fraction. Artificial neural networks showed good performance in predicting the characteristic velocities, with a MAPE of less than 4% for Umf and about 7% for Ucf.