Review
Cell Biology
Juane Lu, Tao Wu, Biao Zhang, Suke Liu, Wenjun Song, Jianjun Qiao, Haihua Ruan
Summary: This article summarizes the types of nuclear localization signals, focuses on recently reported proteins containing such signals, and briefly outlines mechanisms for nuclear entry that do not rely on nuclear localization signals.
CELL COMMUNICATION AND SIGNALING
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Athanasios A. Panagiotopoulos, Konstantina Kalyvianaki, Paraskevi K. Tsodoulou, Maria N. Darivianaki, Dimitris Dellis, George Notas, Vangelis Daskalakis, Panayiotis A. Theodoropoulos, Christos A. Panagiotidis, Elias Castanas, Marilena Kampa
Summary: In this study, the nuclear localization signals (NLS) for Importins 4 and 5 were identified and validated. The sequences LPPRS(G/P)P and KP(K/Y)LV were found to be recognition motifs for Importins 4 and 5 binding, respectively. These NLS signals are involved in the nuclear transport of important proteins.
COMPUTATIONAL AND STRUCTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Athanasios A. Panagiotopoulos, Chara Polioudaki, Sotirios G. Ntallis, Dimitris Dellis, George Notas, Christos A. Panagiotidis, Panayiotis A. Theodoropoulos, Elias Castanas, Marilena Kampa
Summary: The study identified a novel NLS signal sequence for importin 7 recognition using unsupervised computational methods and experimental validation, showcasing its effectiveness in breast cancer cells. Furthermore, it was found that importin 7-mediated nuclear protein transport is affected by cargo protein phosphorylation.
BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-GENERAL SUBJECTS
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Zheng Liu, Di Jin, Xinran Wei, Yue Gao, Xiaodie Gao, Xia Li, Xiujuan Wang, Pingying Wei, Tao Liu
Summary: ZBTB34 is a hepatocellular carcinoma-associated protein with a monopartite nuclear localization signal. Its nuclear import is mediated by importin a1, importin a3, importin a4, and importin 131. ZBTB34 performs its biological functions via a putative miR-125b-5p/ZBTB34/(ZBTB10, POLR1B, and AUH) signaling axis in HepG2 cells.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Guo-Qing Chen, Pei Li, Qing Yan, Yi-Hong Wu, Hao-Ran Wang, Shu-Fen Chao, Li-Juan Wu, Long Chen, Guo-Zhong Feng
Summary: Proteins with nuclear localization signals are transported into the nucleus through the importin-alpha/beta-mediated pathway. Importin-alpha proteins have been mainly studied in Drosophila, with little knowledge about them in Lepidoptera insects. This study identified four putative importin-alpha homologues in Sf9 cells, showing different nuclear localization patterns and specific interactions with AcMNPV DNA polymerase.
INSECT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Du-Hyong Cho, Yun-Jin Hwang, Jin Hee Park, Jee Young Lee, Jung-Hyun Park, Inho Jo
Summary: This study developed an organelle-specific, peptide-based NO delivery material that targets the nucleus. The delivery concept can be extended to cells other than stem cells to explore the effects of NO release in the nucleus. Furthermore, NO can be delivered to other organelles such as mitochondria and lysosomes through conjugation with specific targeting signals.
BIOORGANIC CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Agronomy
Xiaohui Xu, Han Wang, Jiqin Liu, Shuying Han, Miaomiao Lin, Zejian Guo, Xujun Chen
Summary: In this study, the researchers characterized the interaction of OsWRKY62 and OsWRKY76 with importins, OsIM alpha 1a and OsIM alpha 1b, for nuclear translocation. They found that OsWRKY62.1 has a nuclear localization signal (NLS) and a nuclear export signal (NES), and these signals are responsible for the translocation of OsWRKY62.1 to the nucleus. The researchers also discovered that OsIM alpha 1a and OsIM alpha 1b enhance resistance to M. oryzae, while their knockout mutants decrease resistance to the pathogen.
Article
Cell Biology
Wan Zhao, Junjie Zhu, Hong Lu, Jiaming Zhu, Fei Jiang, Wei Wang, Lan Luo, Le Kang, Feng Cui
Summary: This study found the presence and roles of Rice stripe virus (RSV) in the nuclei of vector insect cells. Blocking nuclear localization of NP led to significant cytoplasmic RSV accumulation and affected the transcription factor YY1, triggering an antiviral apoptotic reaction. This research provides new insights into the immune effects of viral nuclear entry in vector and host cells and the balance between viral load and immunity pressure in vector insects.
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Gyuhyung Jin, Martha E. Floy, Aaron D. Simmons, Madeline M. Arthur, Sean P. Palecek
Summary: This study introduces a simple and versatile method to spatially pattern differentiation of human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) in 2-dimensional culture via localized morphogen adsorption, allowing for induction of different cell types such as mesendoderm, endoderm, and cardiomyocytes. This approach provides a platform for controlled and systematic study of early pattern formation and can be used to generate 2D patterned hPSC-derived tissue structures for modeling disease and drug interactions.
ADVANCED HEALTHCARE MATERIALS
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Shadma Fatima, Kylie M. Wagstaff, Sue Mei Lim, Jose M. Polo, Julia C. Young, David A. Jans
Summary: The nuclear transporter Importin 13 plays a critical role in maintaining pluripotency and differentiation of embryonic stem cells, with its loss leading to decreased proliferation, pluripotency transcript loss, and reduced mesodermal markers expression. The findings suggest that Imp13 is essential for ESC survival and early post-gastrulation differentiation.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Mikhail Menshikov, Ekaterina Zubkova, Iuri Stafeev, Yelena Parfyonova
Summary: Mesenchymal stem cells are multipotent cells capable of differentiating into various cell types, and autophagy plays a crucial role in cell differentiation by maintaining cell homeostasis and facilitating phenotype changes.
Article
Cell & Tissue Engineering
Lachlan Harris, Piero Rigo, Thomas Stiehl, Zachary B. Gaber, Sophie H. L. Austin, Maria del Mar Masdeu, Amelia Edwards, Noelia Urban, Anna Marciniak-Czochra, Francois Guillemot
Summary: The stabilization of neural stem cell numbers in young adults is a result of coordinated changes in stem cell behavior, with resting cells having a higher activation rate and greater contribution to neurogenesis. This change is associated with a progressive reduction in expression of the pro-activation protein ASCL1 due to increased post-translational degradation, providing insights into hippocampal NSC dynamics and neurogenesis rates in different mammalian species, including humans.
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Yang Lin, Xiaoyong Pan, Hong-Bin Shen
Summary: This study presents an updated cell-line-specific predictor IncLocator 2.0, which uses deep models trained per cell line to predict IncRNA subcellular localization from sequences. By constructing benchmark datasets, learning word embeddings, and utilizing different neural networks, IncLocator 2.0 achieves varying effectiveness in different cell lines and demonstrates the necessity of training cell-line-specific models. Moreover, the use of Integrated Gradients helps explain the proposed model and identifies potential patterns related to specific nucleotides that determine the subcellular localizations of IncRNAs.
Article
Virology
Luis Adrian De Jesus-Gonzalez, Selvin Noe Palacios-Rapalo, Jose Manuel Reyes-Ruiz, Juan Fidel Osuna-Ramos, Carlos Noe Farfan-Morales, Carlos Daniel Cordero-Rivera, Bulmaro Cisneros, Ana Lorena Gutierrez-Escolano, Rosa Maria del Angel
Summary: Recent evidence suggests that nuclear elements play a role in the replication of Flaviviruses, with certain viral proteins being imported into the nucleus. Furthermore, nuclear localization of these proteins has been observed in infected cells. The presence of ZIKV NS3 in the nucleus has been investigated, showing that NS3 is imported into the nucleus via the importin pathway and exported back to the cytoplasm.
JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Ruiling Huang, Qing He, Shaohua Lu, Menghan Yan, Lihui Xu, Quanxi Wang
Summary: This study revealed for the first time that the F1 protein of FAdV-4 is located in the nucleus after infection, and confirmed that importin alpha 1 binds to the NLS of F1 protein to localize it in the nucleus, promoting the proliferation of FAdV-4.
VETERINARY MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Maria Otilia Delgadillo, Guillermo Ruano, Jan Zouhar, Michael Sauer, Jinbo Shen, Aleksandra Lazarova, Maite Sanmartin, Louis Tung Faat Lai, Cesi Deng, Pengwei Wang, Patrick J. Hussey, Jose Juan Sanchez-Serrano, Liwen Jiang, Enrique Rojo
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2020)
Article
Plant Sciences
Mary-Paz Gonzalez-Garcia, Estefano Bustillo-Avendano, Alvaro Sanchez-Corrionero, Juan C. del Pozo, Miguel A. Moreno-Risueno
Article
Plant Sciences
Liang Chen, Mingfeng Zhao, Zhongliang Wu, Sicheng Chen, Enrique Rojo, Jiangwei Luo, Ping Li, Lulu Zhao, Yan Chen, Jianming Deng, Bo Cheng, Kai He, Xiaoping Gou, Jia Li, Suiwen Hou
Summary: RPAPs play crucial roles in stomatal development in Arabidopsis thaliana by interacting with key stomatal transcription factors and Pol II, thereby controlling cell fate transitions in the stomatal cell lineage.
Article
Plant Sciences
Irina O. Averkina, Ivan A. Paponov, Jose J. Sanchez-Serrano, Cathrine Lillo
Summary: This study investigated the role of PROTEIN PHOSPHATASE 2A (PP2A) in plant growth responses induced by plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR). The findings suggest that PP2A, particularly the catalytic subunits C2 and C5, play a significant role in mediating the positive effects of PGPR on root and shoot growth. Comparison of different mutants indicated that plants with low PP2A activity exhibit a more pronounced response to PGPR treatment.
Editorial Material
Plant Sciences
Fernando Aniento, Erika Isono, Enrique Rojo, Eugenia Russinova
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Shuai Hu, Baiying Li, Fan Wu, Dongmei Zhu, Jan Zouhar, Caiji Gao, Tomoo Shimada, Enrique Rojo, Ikuko Hara-Nishimura, Liwen Jiang, Jinbo Shen
Summary: This study elucidates the role and mechanism of ALIX in regulating vacuolar transport of soluble proteins in plants. It is found that ALIX physically interacts with the retromer core subunits Vps26 and Vps29 and cooperatively regulates the trafficking of soluble vacuolar proteins. Depletion of ALIX disrupts the membrane recruitment of Vps26 and Vps29 and alters the endosomal localization of vacuolar sorting receptors.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Mary Paz Gonzalez-Garcia, Carlos M. Conesa, Alberto Lozano-Enguita, Victoria Baca-Gonzalez, Barbara Simancas, Sara Navarro-Neila, Maria Sanchez-Bermudez, Isai Salas-Gonzalez, Elena Caro, Gabriel Castrillo, Juan C. del Pozo
Summary: Climate change aggravates the negative impact on plant development and agricultural yield through increasing the frequency of extreme heat events. However, most experiments on plant adaption to heat stress do not mimic the natural growth conditions of roots. Researchers have developed a device called TGRooZ that generates a temperature gradient, which improves the growth and functionality of plant root systems exposed to high shoot temperatures. The use of TGRooZ in heat-stress studies can enhance our understanding of plant response to high temperatures, both in the laboratory and in the field.
PLANT COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Jan Zouhar, Wenhan Cao, Jinbo Shen, Enrique Rojo
Summary: The study of endomembrane trafficking is crucial for understanding cellular and organism functionality. Investigating endomembrane trafficking in plants is of particular interest due to its role in transporting seed storage proteins and secreting cell wall material. While the mechanisms of anterograde transport in plants have been extensively discussed, retrograde trafficking pathways have received less attention. This review summarizes the current understanding of retrograde trafficking in the endomembrane system of plants, discussing its integration with anterograde transport, describing retrieval mechanisms, highlighting contentious issues, and identifying future research questions.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CELL BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Fani Chatzopoulou, Maite Sanmartin, Ifigeneia Mellidou, Irini Pateraki, Athanasios Koukounaras, Georgia Tanou, Mary S. Kalamaki, Sonja Veljovic-Jovanovic, Tijana Cvetic Antic, Stefanos Kostas, Pavlos Tsouvaltzis, Rebecca Grumet, Angelos K. Kanellis
PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY
(2020)