Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Lynn Govaert, Luis J. Gilarranz, Florian Altermatt
Summary: The study revealed that the genetic and plastic responses of species to environmental change are influenced by competing species and the magnitude of the change, ultimately determining the species' persistence.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Ecology
Juan A. Bonachela, Michael T. Burrows, Malin L. Pinsky
Summary: This study investigates how species climate response curves impact community response to climate change through data analysis and theory development. The research shows that there can be significant mismatches between community and climate, even in the absence of demographic delays or limited species pools. Despite unexplained variation, communities exhibit changes comparable to those observed in natural communities of fishes and plankton, indicating no overall delays in community change.
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Joshua S. Lynn, Kari Klanderud, Richard J. Telford, Deborah E. Goldberg, Vigdis Vandvik
Summary: Incorporating macroecological context into species' responses to climate manipulations can enhance predictability. Experimental results show that climate differences are better predictors of species' responses to climate manipulations than range size.
GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Ecology
Kelly L. Kerr, Leander D. L. Anderegg, Nicole Zenes, William R. L. Anderegg
Summary: Climate change is affecting forests globally, but some tree species may be able to adapt to new environmental conditions. This study investigated the variation in functional traits and the influence on tree mortality in response to drought for trembling aspen and ponderosa pine trees. Results showed high within-species variation in functional traits for trembling aspen and less variation for ponderosa pine. These findings provide important insights for improving models and predictions of forest responses to climate change.
FUNCTIONAL ECOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
David O'Brien, Linda Laikre, Sean Hoban, Michael W. Bruford, Robert Ekblom, Martin C. Fischer, Jeanette Hall, Christina Hvilsom, Peter M. Hollingsworth, Francine Kershaw, Cinnamon S. Mittan, Tarek A. Mukassabi, Rob Ogden, Gernot Segelbacher, Robyn E. Shaw, Cristiano Vernesi, Anna J. MacDonald
Summary: Genetic diversity, an important component of biodiversity, is often under-reported and narrowly focused on domesticated or commercial species. Various approaches have been developed to address this issue, but the multiplicity of methods can cause confusion. We propose a unified reporting mechanism to evaluate genetic diversity.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED ECOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Sean A. A. Parks, Lisa M. M. Holsinger, John T. T. Abatzoglou, Caitlin E. E. Littlefield, Katherine A. A. Zeller
Summary: Species undergoing climate-induced range shifts may not be able to successfully move among protected areas due to factors such as distance, human land uses, and lack of analogous climates. More than half of the global protected land area and two-thirds of the number of protected units are at risk of failure in climate connectivity. This raises doubts about the effectiveness of protected areas as steppingstones for species under climate change, and highlights the need for innovative land management strategies and assisted colonization.
GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Valentina Serra, Valeria Orru, Maristella Steri, Edoardo Fiorillo, Francesco Cucca, Magdalena Zoledziewska
Summary: A study found that the genetic variant rs445 may affect immune response and increase apoptosis in activated granulocytes during palbociclib treatment. This finding is important for understanding drug-related adverse events.
CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Joana Paula da Silva Oliveira, Rafael Garrett, Maria Gabriela Bello Koblitz, Andrea Furtado Macedo
Summary: The global demand for natural vanilla is increasing, but commercial crops are threatened with extinction due to lack of genetic diversity and susceptibility to climate change, pandemic diseases, etc. New sources of vanilla need to be identified urgently to solve the vanilla crisis. The study demonstrates the bioeconomic potential of V. bahiana and V. chamissonis, revealing important flavor compounds and distinct flavor descriptors associated with these species.
Article
Forestry
Anna Lubek, Martin Kukwa, Bogdan Jaroszewicz, Patryk Czortek
Summary: The study highlighted how climate warming and eutrophication have affected the composition and functional diversity of lichen biota in the Bialowieza Forest. Climate change was found to influence lichen biota, but eutrophication was identified as the main driver of changes in lichen species composition. Other factors such as the extinction and expansion of phorophyte tree species may also contribute to shifts in biota.
Article
Mathematics
Badih Ghattas, Diane Manzon
Summary: In the Design of Experiments, the relation between response variables and explanatory factors is studied. Response Surface methodology (RSM) approximates this relation using a linear model that transforms the explanatory variables. This paper presents a range of Machine Learning approaches that can be good alternatives to RSM. The state of the art of these approaches is discussed, including decision trees, ensemble methods, support vector machines, neural networks, and direct multi-output approaches. The advantages and disadvantages of these approaches are explored through simulations and a real use case, revealing that machine learning approaches outperform RSM, especially for small samples and when the underlying relation is nonlinear.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Rui Yang, Ya-Wen Deng, Yan Liu, Jing Zhao, Lei Bao, Jian-Ping Ge, Hong-Fang Wang
Summary: North China is a diversity hotspot for Tertiary relict flora. Our study found that two lineages of Acer coexist in a hybrid zone in North China and show distinct genetic patterns. The morphological differences between the lineages suggest that they should be considered as two species, but species identification based solely on morphology may be unreliable.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Nicola Delnevo, Andrea Piotti, Michele Carbognani, Eddie J. van Etten, William D. Stock, David L. Field, Margaret Byrne
Summary: Understanding the temporal dynamics of spatial genetic structure is crucial for assessing habitat fragmentation impacts on genetic diversity and reproductive viability in long-lived plant populations. Our study on the shrub Conospermum undulatum embedded in an urban area revealed a historical high structural connectivity influencing genetic diversity. Despite current intense fragmentation, similar genetic diversity levels and weak spatial genetic structure were found. Variations in reproductive performance were explained by genetic, environmental, and combined factors, emphasizing the importance of historical habitat dynamics in conservation strategies.
BIODIVERSITY AND CONSERVATION
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Andrea S. Grunst, Melissa L. Grunst, David Gremillet, Akiko Kato, Paco Bustamante, Celine Albert, Emile Brisson-Curadeau, Manon Clairbaux, Marta Cruz-Flores, Sophie Gentes, Samuel Perret, Eric Ste-Marie, Katarzyna Wojczulanis-Jakubas, Jerome Fort
Summary: The study investigated the combined effects of multiple climate change-associated stressors on Arctic seabirds, specifically their behavior and population resilience. The results showed that changes in sea surface temperature and sea ice coverage caused shifts in activity patterns and diving behaviors, leading to decreased resting, increased flight, and longer dives. Mercury contamination was not directly associated with behavior, but highly contaminated birds showed longer interdive breaks during long dives, suggesting physiological limitations. As dive durations increased with warm sea surface temperature, subtle toxicological effects could limit diving and foraging efficiency, with potential ecosystem-wide consequences.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Ana Paula Portela, Joao F. Goncalves, Isabelle Durance, Cristiana Vieira, Joao Honrado
Summary: Droughts have negative impacts on forest ecosystems, affecting forest health and productivity and compromising their role in climate change solutions. This study investigates the response and resilience of riparian forests to drought, and identifies the factors that shape their resilience. By analyzing data from 49 sites in North Portugal, the study finds a trade-off between drought resistance and recovery, with contrasting strategies across the climate gradient. Canopy structure and climate context are identified as important predictors of resilience. The study highlights the vulnerability of riparian ecosystems to droughts and emphasizes the need for further research on long-term resilience.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Environmental Studies
Guel Akturk, Hannah Fluck
Summary: This study analyzes the perceptions of local people in the Findikli district of Rize, Turkey on climate change and its impact on the landscape. It proposes to use vernacular architecture as a heritage category for localizing the management of climate change impacts.
Review
Ecology
Miranda K. Theriot, Hayley C. Lanier, Link E. Olson
Summary: Specimen-based data have been important for studying body-size shifts in response to global warming. However, the lack of repeatability and interoperability among published studies is a major obstacle. This review of mammal body-size studies using museum specimens found low potential for replication or augmentation. The authors recommend best practices to improve the quality of such studies and enhance the utility of extended specimen data.
METHODS IN ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
(2023)
Article
Ecology
Adam B. Smith, Stephen J. Murphy, David Henderson, Kelley D. Erickson
Summary: This article introduces two methods for using imprecise georeferenced occurrences in biogeographical analysis. These methods assign imprecise records to the closest locations or climates to the geographical or environmental centroid of precise records. Results show that including imprecise records improves the accuracy of ecological niche models and estimates of niche breadth and extent of occurrence.
GLOBAL ECOLOGY AND BIOGEOGRAPHY
(2023)
Article
Zoology
Mark T. Swanson, Michael W. Henson, Heru Handika, Anang S. Achmadi, Syahfitri Anita, Kevin C. Rowe, Jacob A. Esselstyn
Summary: This study investigated the composition of gut microbiota and found that faunivorous mammals have chitinase- and urease-producing bacteria in their intestines, which may contribute to their protein-rich diet.
JOURNAL OF MAMMALOGY
(2023)
Article
Ecology
Andi M. Stewart, Mary M. Conner, Jane S. McKeever, Alisa Ellsworth, Rachel S. Crowhurst, Clinton W. Epps, Thomas R. Stephenson
Summary: Monitoring big game populations is necessary for making well-informed management decisions. A new method, fecal DNA-based capture-recapture, was evaluated for estimating abundance of mule deer herds in the eastern Sierra Nevada. The results showed that while aerial mark-resight surveys provided more precise abundance estimates, fecal DNA capture-recapture was more cost-effective. The success of this method depends on weather conditions and the ability to survey an adequate proportion of the study area and collect enough samples.
JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Kelsey B. Bartlett, Matthew W. Austin, James B. Beck, Amy E. Zanne, Adam B. Smith
Summary: The study found that in addition to climate change, plant phenology is also influenced by genetic constraints, competition, and self-compatibility. Through analyzing over 900 herbarium records, it was discovered that spring precipitation and temperature have a significant impact on plant flowering and fruiting. The research is important for predicting the effects of climate change on plant phenology.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF BOTANY
(2023)
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Erik A. Beever, Jennifer L. Wilkening, Peter D. Billman, Lindsey L. Thurman, Kristina A. Ernest, David H. Wright, Alisha M. Gill, April C. Craighead, Nolan A. Helmstetter, Leona K. Svancara, Meghan J. Cam, Sabuj Bhattacharyya, Jedediah Fitzgerald, Jocelyn M. R. Hirose, Marie L. Westover, Francis D. Gerraty, Kelly B. Klingler, Danielle A. Schmidts, Dylan K. Ryals, Richard N. Brown, Steven L. Clark, Neil Clayton, Gail H. Collins, Kyle A. Cutting, Daniel F. Doak, Clinton W. Epps, Janet E. Foley, Johnnie French, Charles L. Hayes, Zachary A. Mills, Lucas Moyer-Horner, Lyle B. Nichols, Kate B. Orlofsky, Mary M. Peacock, Nicholas C. Penzel, Johnny Peterson, Nathan Ramsay, Tom Rickman, Megan M. Robinson, Hillary L. Robison, Karen M. C. Rowe, Kevin C. Rowe, Michael A. Russello, Adam B. Smith, Joseph A. E. Stewart, Will W. Thompson, James H. Thorne, Matthew D. Waterhouse, Shana S. Weber, Kenneth C. Wilson
Summary: Contemporary climate change is altering various aspects of species, such as their distribution, morphology, phenology, physiology, evolution, and interactions with other species. The effects of climate change are influenced by the magnitude of change, an animal's sensitivity, and its adaptive capacity (AC), which refers to the ability to adjust genetically, behaviorally, or spatially. This study systematically evaluated and compared the AC of American pikas against four other mountain-dwelling small mammals, revealing that pikas have lower AC compared to most species. The findings highlight the vulnerability of pikas to anthropogenic climate change and emphasize the importance of adaptive-capacity evaluations for conservation prioritization.
BIOLOGICAL CONSERVATION
(2023)
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Kelley D. Erickson, Adam B. Smith
Summary: Species distribution models are useful for estimating the distribution and environmental preferences of rare species. However, sparse data makes it challenging to model these species. This study contrasts different modeling approaches and evaluates their accuracy based on sample size, niche breadth, and similarity to other species. The results indicate that the best model depends on the modeling goal, sample size, and niche characteristics.
Article
Ecology
Emily G. G. Brodie, Joseph A. E. Stewart, Sara Winsemius, Jesse E. D. Miller, Andrew M. M. Latimer, Hugh D. D. Safford
Summary: Wildfires may help forest species to track climate changes by moving to higher elevations or towards the north. However, for subalpine tree species with limited higher elevation habitat, the replacement by lower elevation montane tree species after fire could increase the risk of extinction.
ECOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Katharine A. Marske, Hayley C. Lanier, Cameron D. Siler, Ashlee H. Rowe, Laura R. Stein
Summary: Addressing climate change and biodiversity loss is a crucial challenge of our time. Policymakers have limited time to prevent the worst impacts and must make complex decisions about land use for biodiversity preservation. Integrating biogeography and behavioral ecology can enhance our ability to predict biodiversity's response to climate change and habitat loss and slow down biodiversity loss.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2023)
Article
Ecology
Mia R. Goldman, Matthew Shinderman, Mackenzie R. Jeffress, Thomas J. Rodhouse, Kevin T. Shoemaker
Summary: Standard occupancy models allow unbiased estimation of occupancy by considering observation errors, and a multi-sign occupancy approach improves estimates of occupancy dynamics for inconspicuous species. Different detection models lead to variations in estimates of occupancy and environmental drivers, indicating that unmodeled heterogeneity in the observation process can introduce biases and uncertainties in occupancy processes and relationships.
ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
(2023)
Article
Ecology
Johanna Varner, Zoe J. Carnes-Douglas, Emily Monk, Lauren M. Benedict, Ashley Whipple, M. Denise Dearing, Sabuj Bhattacharyya, Loren Griswold, Chris Ray
Summary: Climate change has led to changes in the performance of alpine avens, a high-phenolic plant species, with increased phenolic content and decreased fiber and nitrogen content. This has a positive effect on the winter preservation of food for pikas, but may not be beneficial for their nutritional intake.
Article
Ecology
Adam B. Smith, Iris Fischer-McMorrow, Yann Kolbeinsson, Marianne Rasmussen, Michelle R. Shero, Jim N. McElwaine, Owen R. Jones, T. Aran Mooney
Summary: Diving seabirds are facing increased sound exposure from human activities, but little is known about their sound-sensitivity and sensory ecology, making conservation efforts challenging. In this study, we investigated the acoustic ecology of common murres, a deep-diving seabird species. We found that their hearing was sensitive in the frequency range of 1-3.5 kHz, and their vocalizations overlapped with anthropogenic noise sources, indicating their susceptibility to disturbance. This research highlights the importance of understanding the impact of human noise on diving seabirds for effective management and conservation.
MARINE ECOLOGY PROGRESS SERIES
(2023)
Article
Forestry
Christopher E. E. Looney, Joseph A. E. Stewart, Katherine E. A. Wood
Summary: Given increasing forest disturbances, novel solutions are needed to rapidly recover ecosystem services such as carbon storage, while bolstering climate change adaptation. Reforestation with single-species mixed-provenance plantings is an emerging strategy that may enhance stand productivity and disturbance resistance, while assisted gene flow is a potentially powerful tool for matching seed-source with future planting-site climate. Our results suggest that careful selection and arrangement of genetically diverse stock may improve carbon sequestration and initial planting success in a hybrid conifer, with implications for reforestation under climate change and reburn risk.
Article
Ecology
Antonio R. Castilla, Alissa Brown, Sean Hoban, Everett Andrew Abhainn, John D. Robinson, Jeanne Romero-Severson, Adam B. Smith, Allan E. Strand, John R. Tipton, Andria Dawson
Summary: Biogeographers have compared estimates of range shift rates using different data types and found that integrating genetic data with other data types can reduce uncertainty and improve consistency in estimates. By integrating these three lines of biogeographical evidence, our understanding of past species distribution can be enhanced.
JOURNAL OF BIOGEOGRAPHY
(2023)
Review
Zoology
S. M. Jackson, A. M. Baker, M. D. B. Eldridge, D. O. Fisher, G. J. Frankham, T. H. Lavery, A. J. MacDonald, P. W. Menkhorst, M. J. Phillips, S. Potter, K. C. Rowe, K. J. Travouillon, L. S. Umbrello
Summary: The use of correct taxonomy is crucial for biodiversity conservation and management. However, there are obstacles to ensuring appropriate and widely adopted scientific names, including different species definitions, taxonomic instability, and inappropriate naming practices. To address these issues, the Australasian Mammal Taxonomy Consortium has developed tools such as standardized lists of names and guidelines for published species descriptions.
AUSTRALIAN MAMMALOGY
(2023)