Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Aleksandra Kovaleva, Elena Poluektova, Roman Maslennikov, Anna Karchevskaya, Oleg Shifrin, Andrey Kiryukhin, Aleksandr Tertychnyy, Leonid Kovalev, Marina Kovaleva, Olga Lobanova, Anna Kudryavtseva, George Krasnov, Vladimir Ivashkin
Summary: This study found that patients with IDFO had increased biomarkers of intestinal barrier disorders at multiple levels. These disruptions were associated with the severity of clinical symptoms and changes in the gut microbiota.
DIGESTIVE DISEASES AND SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Ye Zhao, Duo Wu Zou
Summary: Gut dysbiosis is likely involved in the development of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and may affect it through regulating the mucosal immune system, brain-gut-microbiome interaction, and intestinal barrier function. While it remains inconclusive whether dysbiosis can be used as a hallmark of IBS, the advent of high-throughput multi-omics provides important insights into IBS pathogenesis and promotes individualized treatment development. Despite advances in microbiota-directed therapies, large-scale, well-organized, and long-term randomized controlled trials are needed to assess their clinical effects.
JOURNAL OF DIGESTIVE DISEASES
(2023)
Review
Microbiology
Tarek Mazzawi
Summary: Research suggests that manipulating gut microbiota can improve symptoms of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), with dietary management and other approaches showing promise in changing gut composition and alleviating IBS symptoms. However, more research is needed to identify the exact mixture of beneficial bacteria.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Magdy El-Salhy, Christina Casen, Jorgen Valeur, Trygve Hausken, Jan Gunnar Hatlebakk
Summary: The study found no significant sex difference in the response to FMT among IBS patients, but for female patients with diarrhea-predominant symptoms, the efficacy of FMT is more pronounced.
WORLD JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Matthijs Bekkers, Bojan Stojkovic, Gerard E. Kaiko
Summary: The intestinal microbiota is a complex ecosystem involving bacteria, fungi, archaea, and viruses, which plays crucial roles in maintaining homeostasis, immune regulation, and digestive function. While taxonomic shifts in the microbiota are associated with various diseases, particularly inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), further research is needed to understand the molecular mechanisms and utilize this resource for therapy. Advances in model systems have provided valuable insights into the functions of the microbiota and potential therapeutic candidates for IBD.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Microbiology
Noemi Salmeri, Emanuele Sinagra, Carolina Dolci, Giovanni Buzzaccarini, Giulio Sozzi, Miriam Sutera, Massimo Candiani, Federica Ungaro, Luca Massimino, Silvio Danese, Francesco Vito Mandarino
Summary: Endometriosis and irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) are chronic conditions affecting up to 10% of the global population, with gut dysbiosis playing a significant role in both diseases. Emerging research has shown distinct differences in gut microbiota composition between healthy individuals and those with endometriosis or IBS. Intestinal dysbiosis impacts intestinal permeability, triggers inflammation, and affects the gut-brain axis, highlighting the potential for microbiota-focused therapies.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Chiara Ricci, Fernando Rizzello, Maria Chiara Valerii, Enzo Spisni, Paolo Gionchetti, Silvia Turroni, Marco Candela, Federica D'Amico, Renato Spigarelli, Irene Bellocchio, Giovanni Marasco, Giovanni Barbara
Summary: Geraniol, an acyclic monoterpene alcohol, has demonstrated anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial properties and positive effects on gut microbiota in IBS patients. In this study, IBS patients treated with a low-absorbable geraniol food supplement (LAGS) showed a significant reduction in IBS symptoms severity score compared to placebo. Geraniol administration also resulted in changes in gut microbiota composition, with a decrease in Oscillospira and an increase in Faecalibacterium. The findings suggest that LAGS is effective in treating overall IBS symptoms and improving gut microbiota profile, particularly in the IBS mixed subtype.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Juan Manuel Medina, Raul Fernandez-Lopez, Javier Crespo, Fernando de la Cruz
Summary: Studies have found that genes related to propionate production in the gut microbiome are decreased in patients with Crohn's disease. Changes in overall species abundance may not necessarily correlate with changes in metabolic gene abundances, indicating that alterations in strain composition may be as important as changes in species abundance in pathological conditions associated with the gut microbiome.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Review
Microbiology
Shruti Ahlawat, Pramod Kumar, Hari Mohan, Sandeep Goyal, Krishna Kant Sharma
Summary: The human gut microbiota plays a crucial role in host health, with alterations in composition leading to the development of gastrointestinal disorders. Modulating gut microbiota composition and utilizing advanced treatment methods are key approaches for managing gut disorders in the future.
CRITICAL REVIEWS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Cell Biology
Eunju Park, Jin-Ju Jeong, Sung-Min Won, Satya Priya Sharma, Yoseph Asmelash Gebru, Raja Ganesan, Haripriya Gupta, Ki Tae Suk, Dong Joon Kim
Summary: NAFLD is one of the most common and fastest-growing liver diseases worldwide, closely related to gut microbiota. Various microbiota-related molecular and cellular mechanisms are involved in the progression of NAFLD, including dysbiosis, leaky bowel, endotoxin, bile acids enterohepatic circulation, and more.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Xin Fang, Yoshiki Vazquez-Baeza, Emmanuel Elijah, Fernando Vargas, Gail Ackermann, Gregory Humphrey, Rebecca Lau, Kelly C. Weldon, Jon G. Sanders, Morgan Panitchpakdi, Carolina Carpenter, Alan K. Jarmusch, Jennifer Neill, Ara Miralles, Parambir Dulai, Siddharth Singh, Matthew Tsai, Austin D. Swafford, Larry Smarr, David L. Boyle, Bernhard O. Palsson, John T. Chang, Pieter C. Dorrestein, William J. Sandborn, Rob Knight, Brigid S. Boland
Summary: The study investigated microbiome and metabolome changes after different surgeries for IBD, finding that surgeries reduce diversity in the gut microbiome and metabolome of patients, with these changes potentially persisting over time. Surgery further destabilizes the microbiome over time, indicating a different level of instability compared to the microbiome of IBD patients.
INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASES
(2021)
Review
Microbiology
Jasminka Talapko, Aleksandar Vcev, Tomislav Mestrovic, Emina Pustijanac, Melita Jukic, Ivana Skrlec
Summary: The gut microbiota plays a crucial role in human health by participating in various physiological functions and acting as a metabolic organ. Changes in the composition of the intestinal microbiota have been linked to the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease. The development of biological and immunomodulatory therapy has shown promising results in treating this condition, and lifestyle changes and novel approaches offer solutions for dysbiosis management.
Review
Infectious Diseases
Jake S. Jacob, Aijaz Ahmed, George Cholankeril
Summary: Alterations in the intestinal microbiome have a strong influence on human health, including the progression of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Therapeutic interventions targeting the microbiome, such as antibiotics and probiotics, may help slow or prevent the progression of NAFLD. While evidence supporting dysbiosis-mediated NAFLD progression has been largely gathered from animal trials, more research is needed in humans to establish causality.
CURRENT OPINION IN INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Fahim Ebrahimi, Tracey G. Simon, Hannes Hagstrom, Jiangwei Sun, David Bergman, Anders Forss, Bjorn Roelstraete, Lars Engstrand, Jonas F. Ludvigsson
Summary: Antibiotic use may increase the risk of developing nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), especially in individuals without metabolic syndrome. Fluoroquinolones were found to have the highest risk, and the associations remained robust in sibling comparisons.
LIVER INTERNATIONAL
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Jonathan P. P. Jacobs, Venu Lagishetty, Megan C. C. Hauer, Jennifer S. S. Labus, Tien S. S. Dong, Ryan Toma, Momchilo Vuyisich, Bruce D. D. Naliboff, Jeffrey M. M. Lackner, Arpana Gupta, Kirsten Tillisch, Emeran A. A. Mayer
Summary: This study used multi-omics assessment methods to explore the changes in gut microbiome function in irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), and identified new microbial biomarkers. The findings support the application of integrated assessment of microbial function in IBS research, and contribute to the discovery of novel microbiome-related therapeutic targets.
