Real-Time Vehicle Motion Detection and Motion Altering for Connected Vehicle: Algorithm Design and Practical Applications

Real-time capturing of vehicle motion is the foundation of connected vehicles (CV) and safe driving. This study develops a novel vehicle motion detection system (VMDS) that detects lane-change, turning, acceleration, and deceleration using mobile sensors, that is, global positioning system (GPS) and inertial ones in real-time. To capture a large amount of real-time vehicle state data from multiple sensors, we develop a dynamic time warping based algorithm combined with principal component analysis (PCA). Further, the designed algorithm is trained and evaluated on both urban roads and highway using an Android platform. The aim of the algorithm is to alert adjacent drivers, especially distracted drivers, of potential crash risks. Our evaluation results based on driving traces, covering over 4000 miles, conclude that VMDS is able to detect lane-change and turning with an average precision over 76% and speed, acceleration, and brake with an average precision over 91% under the given testing data dataset 1 and 4. Finally, the alerting tests are conducted with a simulator vehicle, estimating the effect of alerting back or front vehicle the surrounding vehicles' motion. Nearly two seconds are gained for drivers to make a safe operation. As is expected, with the help of VMDS, distracted driving decreases and driving safety improves.