Article
Psychology, Biological
Marcia C. Chavez, Maria Ragusa, Kayla Brooks, Chakeer Drake-Frazier, Isabella Ramos, Megan Zajkowski, Kalynn M. Schulz
Summary: The study found that prenatal and adolescent stress have different effects on fear memory, with no cumulative effects observed in males and females.
PHYSIOLOGY & BEHAVIOR
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Barbara D. Fontana, Alistair J. Gibbon, Madeleine Cleal, William H. J. Norton, Matthew O. Parker
Summary: The study found that the 7-day chronic unpredictable early-life stress (CUELS) protocol decreased anxiety in both young and adult zebrafish, while exposure to 14 days of CUELS led to an opposite anxious phenotype. However, memory and cognition, social behavior, and cortisol levels did not show significant changes.
PROGRESS IN NEURO-PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY & BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Rami El Matine, Judith C. Kreutzmann, Markus Fendt
Summary: By manipulating neural excitability in the amygdala, the specificity of fear learning can be improved, reducing fear generalization and anxiety. The findings suggest that moderate increases in amygdala excitability can be beneficial for fear learning specificity and may have applications for therapeutic interventions.
PROGRESS IN NEURO-PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY & BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Einat Elharrar, Yahav Dikshtein, Sapir Meninger-Mordechay, Yehuda Lichtenstein, Gal Yadid
Summary: Recent research shows that inhibiting PARP-1 activity can interfere with fear conditioning and reduce freezing behavior. By controlling the pharmacokinetic timing, it is possible to specifically disrupt cue-associated fear memories without interfering with other natural memories.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Psychology, Biological
Jelena M. Wehrli, Yanfang Xia, Samuel Gerster, Dominik R. Bach
Summary: Trace fear conditioning is an important research paradigm for studying aversive learning, but the optimal measurement of memory retention is unclear. This study used psychophysiological measurements to investigate CS+ and CS- differentiation in a recall test, and found that fear-potentiated startle response was the most effective measure.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Huoliang Gong, Qiudi Cao, Mengge Li
Summary: According to the cognitive theory of social anxiety, individuals with social anxiety tend to be attracted to threatening information and have difficulties in processing memory. Two experiments were conducted to explore the social memory characteristics of college students with social anxiety. Experiment 1 investigated the social memory bias of college students with social anxiety, while Experiment 2 used cue word technology to examine the amount and generalization of social autobiographical memory. The results showed that college students with high social anxiety exhibited a memory bias for negative social information, had more negative social autobiographical memory, and higher degree of social autobiographical memory generalization compared to those with low social anxiety. This study provides new perspectives for future interventions in this population.
JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Mitjan Morr, Jeanine Noell, Daphne Sassin, Jule Daniels, Alexandra Philipsen, Benjamin Becker, Birgit Stoffel-Wagner, Rene Hurlemann, Dirk Scheele
Summary: Loneliness may contribute to vulnerability to intrusive memories after trauma in healthy men, with altered limbic processing of fear signals being a potential underlying mechanism. Lonely men showed more intrusions and altered amygdala activity, while loneliness did not have the same impact on women.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Chen-Cheng Lin, Pao-Yun Cheng, Michael Hsiao, Yia-Ping Liu
Summary: The study suggests that early intervention with a GR antagonist can improve fear and anxiety dysregulation caused by traumatic stress and correct related neurochemical abnormalities. This is of great significance for the treatment of psychological disorders following trauma.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Shihao Huang, Yu Zhou, Feilong Wu, Cuijie Shi, He Yan, Liangpei Chen, Chang Yang, Yixiao Luo
Summary: This study found that berberine combined with extinction training can effectively promote the extinction of fear memories and prevent their reinstatement and spontaneous recovery. This finding provides a new potential avenue for the treatment of fear-related disorders.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Rimenez R. Souza, Nicole M. Robertson, Christa K. McIntyre, Robert L. Rennaker, Seth A. Hays, Michael P. Kilgard
Summary: Studies in rodents show that a specific range of VNS intensities enhances extinction learning and reduces conditioned fear. The intensity of 0.8 mA VNS has shown significant effects in pairing with extinction training, suggesting it may be the optimal choice for using VNS as an adjuvant in exposure therapies for PTSD.
EXPERIMENTAL NEUROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Kamryn C. du Plessis, Sreetama Basu, Timothy H. Rumbell, Elizabeth K. Lucas
Summary: Cued threat conditioning, a model for emotional memory, is dysregulated in anxiety disorders and post-traumatic stress disorder. However, research on the threat conditioning networks has excluded female subjects. To address this bias, the study evaluated neural activity in male and female mice during threat conditioning and found sex differences in regional brain activity and global network coordination. Further analysis identified specific hub regions associated with threat conditioning in males and females. These findings provide preliminary evidence of sex differences in the neural circuits and networks involved in threat conditioning, which may contribute to female vulnerability to fear-based psychiatric diseases.
FRONTIERS IN SYSTEMS NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Developmental Biology
Malaz Kreiker, Katelyn Perez, Kevin L. Brown
Summary: Early life stress enhances memory for Pavlovian fear conditioning, but the effects of early weaning on fear conditioning in periweaning rats have not been well studied. Rats weaned early in life showed enhanced retention in fear conditioning, but infantile amnesia effects were still observed in young rats tested 15 days after training. Further studies are needed to explore the mechanisms underlying weaning-related enhancements and the role of social transmission of fear information.
DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Psychology, Biological
Alexandra N. Palmisano, Thomas J. Gould, Robert S. Astur
Summary: This study suggests that nicotine enhances hippocampal-dependent context fear learning, which has implications for addictive processes and the development of interventions for nicotine dependence. These findings indicate the potential of targeting the hippocampus to attenuate cravings and facilitate nicotine cessation.
EXPERIMENTAL AND CLINICAL PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Peng-Fei Wu, Xin-Lei Guan, Fang Wang, Jian-Guo Chen
Summary: Individual differences in the development of uncontrollable fear in response to traumatic stressors have been observed in clinic, and the present study identified malondialdehyde as a potential biomarker for fear-related anxiety disorders. The study also revealed the crucial role of redox homeostasis in the basolateral amygdala for fear inhibition, and highlighted the importance of glutathione (GSH) in fear extinction and potential treatment of psychiatric disorders.
ACTA PHARMACOLOGICA SINICA
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Maycon Eduardo Matias, Thiago Rodrigues da Silva, Ana Maria Raymundi, Cristina Aparecida Jark Stern, Aleksander Roberto Zampronio
Summary: This study examined whether rats that survived sepsis develop the generalization of fear memory as a model of PTSD, and evaluated the effectiveness of interventions targeting the ET-1/cannabinoid system and glial activation in the early stages of sepsis.
INTERNATIONAL IMMUNOPHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Iulia Zoicas, Sabine E. Huber, Liubov S. Kalinichenko, Erich Gulbins, Christian P. Mueller, Johannes Kornhuber
Article
Cell Biology
Iulia Zoicas, Christiane Muehle, Anna K. Schmidtner, Erich Gulbins, Inga D. Neumann, Johannes Kornhuber
Article
Cell Biology
Iulia Zoicas, Fabian Schumacher, Burkhard Kleuser, Martin Reichel, Erich Gulbins, Anna Fejtova, Johannes Kornhuber, Cosima Rhein
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Johannes Kornhuber, Iulia Zoicas
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2020)
Article
Neurosciences
Johannes Kornhuber, Iulia Zoicas
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Johannes Kornhuber, Iulia Zoicas
Summary: NPY reduces social fear expression by acting on DLS and CeA, not effective in DH, MeA, and BLA regions. It also exhibits anxiolytic effects when administered in DH, DLS, CeA, and BLA, but not in MeA. This suggests that different neural circuitries are involved in the effects of NPY on social fear expression and anxiety-like behavior.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Johannes Kornhuber, Iulia Zoicas
Summary: This study demonstrates that NPY reduces expression of social fear in the DLS via Y2 receptors while in the CeA it acts through Y1 receptors, suggesting differential recruitment of receptor subtypes in these brain regions to mediate the effects of NPY on social fear expression.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Cosima Rhein, Iulia Zoicas, Lena M. Marx, Stefanie Zeitler, Tobias Hepp, Claudia von Zimmermann, Christiane Muehle, Tanja Richter-Schmidinger, Bernd Lenz, Yesim Erim, Martin Reichel, Erich Gulbins, Johannes Kornhuber
Summary: The study found that ASM activity and SMPD1 mRNA expression levels are related to MDD, and antidepressant drugs can improve MDD symptoms by inhibiting ASM activity. Moreover, SMPD1 mRNA expression levels may serve as a molecular marker for monitoring the treatment and adherence of MDD.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Bernd Lenz, Christian Weinland, Patrick Bach, Falk Kiefer, Valery Grinevich, Iulia Zoicas, Johannes Kornhuber, Christiane Muehle
Summary: This study investigated alterations in endogenous OXT blood concentrations in patients with AUD and their association with alcohol drinking behavior and prospective course. Results showed that male patients had increased OXT concentrations at baseline, and higher baseline OXT concentrations predicted more readmissions and fewer days to the first readmission.
EUROPEAN NEUROPSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Iulia Zoicas, Johannes Kornhuber
Summary: Acid sphingomyelinase (ASM) regulates fear learning and the expression of contextual fear in a sex-specific manner, but does not affect the expression of cued fear.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Catharina S. Hamann, Julian Bankmann, Hanna Mora Maza, Johannes Kornhuber, Iulia Zoicas, Angelika Schmitt-Boehrer
Summary: This study characterized neurobiological changes in mice with social fear symptoms, providing insights into the understanding of social anxiety disorder (SAD). The study identified the NPY and serotonergic systems as potential therapeutic targets for SAD.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Christiane Muehle, Massimiliano Mazza, Christian Weinland, Claudia von Zimmermann, Patrick Bach, Falk Kiefer, Valery Grinevich, Iulia Zoicas, Johannes Kornhuber, Bernd Lenz
Summary: This study analyzed the OXTR serum concentrations in patients with AUD, finding a correlation between higher OXTR levels in male patients with alcohol-related readmissions. However, OXTR concentrations did not significantly differ between male and female patients with AUD and controls. The study also found lower OXTR concentrations in female smokers compared to non-smokers.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
David Pericat, Stephen Adonai Leon-Icaza, Marina Sanchez Rico, Christiane Muehle, Iulia Zoicas, Fabian Schumacher, Remi Planes, Raoul Mazars, Germain Gros, Alexander Carpinteiro, Katrin Anne Becker, Jacques Izopet, Nathalie Strub-Wourgaft, Peter Sjoe, Olivier Neyrolles, Burkhard Kleuser, Frederic Limosin, Erich Gulbins, Johannes Kornhuber, Etienne Meunier, Nicolas Hoertel, Celine Cougoule
Summary: This study evaluated the potential antiviral and anti-inflammatory activities of fluoxetine in a SARS-CoV-2 infection model and in vitro. The results showed that fluoxetine significantly reduced lung tissue viral titers and expression of inflammatory markers, and inhibited the replication of all variants of concern. These effects may be attributed to the modulation of the ceramide system in the lung tissues.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Iulia Zoicas, Christiane Muehle, Fabian Schumacher, Burkhard Kleuser, Johannes Kornhuber
Summary: Currently, there are no animal models available for studying specific social fear and social fear with comorbidities. This study investigated whether social fear conditioning (SFC), an animal model for social anxiety disorder (SAD), leads to comorbidities and how it affects brain sphingolipid metabolism. The results showed that SFC altered emotional behavior and brain sphingolipid metabolism in a time-dependent manner. Social fear alone did not cause changes in non-social anxiety or depressive behavior, but comorbid depression developed five weeks after SFC, accompanied by alterations in sphingolipid metabolism in various brain regions.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Johannes Kornhuber, Iulia Zoicas
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2020)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Radwa H. Lutfy, Sherine Abdel Salam, Haitham S. Mohammed, Marwa M. Shakweer, Amina E. Essawy
Summary: Insufficient sleep is associated with impaired hypothalamic activity and declined attentional performance. This study found that near-infrared (NIR) laser therapy can alleviate the effects of sleep deprivation on the hypothalamus, enhance antioxidant status, suppress neuroinflammation, and regulate cellular activity.
BEHAVIOURAL BRAIN RESEARCH
(2024)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Durmus Ali Aslanlar, Emin Fatih Visneci, Mehmet Oz, K. Esra Nurullahoglu Atalik
Summary: Mood disorders caused by chemotherapy have become more important as cancer patients' survival increases. This study used methotrexate to induce mood disorders in rats and found that treatment with the antioxidant N-acetylcysteine (NAC) can alleviate anxiety and depression-like behaviors, increase antioxidant capacity, reduce oxidative stress and inflammatory response, and regulate brain chemistry. The findings suggest that NAC treatment could be an effective strategy in revising the treatment for individuals suffering from chemotherapy-induced mood disorders.
BEHAVIOURAL BRAIN RESEARCH
(2024)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Yunfan Zhang, Yunbin Zhang, Zhuangfei Chen, Ping Ren, Yu Fu
Summary: This study systematically investigated the effects of extremely low intensity HF-rTMS on cognition in mice and found that 40 Hz rTMS significantly impaired exploratory behavior and spatial memory at both 10 mT and 1 mT conditions. Additionally, 40 Hz stimulation had remarkably different effects on exploratory behavior depending on intensity, compared to 10 Hz stimulation.
BEHAVIOURAL BRAIN RESEARCH
(2024)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Xuan Xuan, Guangling Zheng, Wenjia Zhu, Qionghua Sun, Yawei Zeng, Juan Du, Xusheng Huang
Summary: This study examines the functional characteristics of the cerebellum in individuals with sALS and their correlation with clinical data. The results show changes in both local and global functional connectivity in the cerebellum of sALS patients, suggesting a pathophysiological role of the cerebellum in sALS.
BEHAVIOURAL BRAIN RESEARCH
(2024)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Mehdi Rezaei, Mohammad Mahdi Shariat Bagheri
Summary: This study examined the efficacy of tDCS for PTSD and related symptoms, as well as the factors that may predict response to tDCS. The results showed that tDCS had a positive effect in reducing symptoms of PTSD, depression, anxiety, and anhedonia. The severity of symptoms at baseline may also predict the response to tDCS.
BEHAVIOURAL BRAIN RESEARCH
(2024)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Huimin Wu, Yiqun Guo, Yaoyao Zhang, Le Zhao, Cheng Guo
Summary: Aggression can have serious consequences, but little is known about its personality and neurological origins in children. This study investigated the relationship between self-esteem, aggression, and brain structure in healthy children, and found that self-esteem was negatively associated with aggression. The study also revealed that increased cortical thickness in certain brain areas may be a potential mechanism linking low self-esteem to aggression in children.
BEHAVIOURAL BRAIN RESEARCH
(2024)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Xinmei Deng, Kexin Chen, Xiaoming Chen, Lin Zhang, Mingping Lin, Xiaoqing Li, Qiufeng Gao
Summary: Parental involvement affects the relationship and communication between parents and adolescents. This study found that high parental involvement is associated with stronger brain-to-brain synchrony during shared positive emotional experiences, while low parental involvement is associated with stronger synchrony during shared negative emotional experiences.
BEHAVIOURAL BRAIN RESEARCH
(2024)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Xin Deng, I. -Shuo Huang, Kourtlin Williams, Marcy L. Wainwright, Paul Zimba, Riccardo Mozzachiodi
Summary: Food deprivation can lead to neurological dysfunctions, including memory impairment. This study used Aplysia as an animal model to investigate the memory deficits caused by prolonged food deprivation. The results showed that 14 days of food deprivation decreased the level of 5-HT in the hemolymph, which contributed to the lack of sensitization and its cellular correlates. However, exogenous application of 5-HT partially induced sensitization in the food deprived animals.
BEHAVIOURAL BRAIN RESEARCH
(2024)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Ihori Kobayashi, Patrick A. Forcelli
Summary: The study found that intervention with the dual orexin receptor antagonist suvorexant did not have the expected effects on extinction memory and sleep. Higher percentages of REM sleep were associated with poorer extinction memory recall and stronger fear responses. Additionally, the fear extinction training protocol used in this study did not lead to complete fear extinction.
BEHAVIOURAL BRAIN RESEARCH
(2024)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Jiyan Xu, Xinlu Chen, Shuai Liu, Ziqi Wei, Minhui Xu, Linhao Jiang, Xue Han, Liangyu Peng, Xiaoping Gu, Tianjiao Xia
Summary: This study investigated the effects of nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) on oxidative stress and cognitive function in postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) mice. The results showed that NMN pretreatment reduced oxidative stress damage and alleviated cognitive impairment in POCD mice.
BEHAVIOURAL BRAIN RESEARCH
(2024)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Song Liu, Qiang Wu, Liyue Wang, Cong Xing, Junrui Guo, Baicao Li, Hongpeng Ma, Hao Zhong, Mi Zhou, Shibo Zhu, Rusen Zhu, Guangzhi Ning
Summary: In this study, a systematic assessment indicator was developed to objectively evaluate hindlimb motor function recovery in rats after thoracic contusion SCI. By screening CatWalk XT gait parameters and using exploratory factor analysis, 38 suitable parameters for assessing motor function were identified. A reliable Coordinated Function Index (CFI) was proposed based on these parameters and simplified for improved assessment efficacy.
BEHAVIOURAL BRAIN RESEARCH
(2024)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Kyosuke Shiga, Shota Miyaguchi, Yasuto Inukai, Naofumi Otsuru, Hideaki Onishi
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the effects of transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) on microscale learning in implicit motor tasks. Contrary to expectations, the results showed that the stimulation protocol had no significant effects on microscale learning, revealing a novel aspect of microscale learning in implicit motor tasks.
BEHAVIOURAL BRAIN RESEARCH
(2024)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Cahide Aslan, Rahime Aslankoc, Ozlem Ozmen, Buse Nur Suluk, Oguzhan Kavrik, Nurhan Gumral
Summary: This study examined the negative effects of high fructose corn syrup on prefrontal cortex damage in adolescent rats, as well as the protective role of vitamin D.
BEHAVIOURAL BRAIN RESEARCH
(2024)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Matin Baghani, Arad Bolouri-Roudsari, Reyhaneh Askari, Abbas Haghparast
Summary: The study suggests that the orexinergic system in the dentate gyrus region of the brain may act as an endogenous pain control system and a potential target for treating stress-related disorders.
BEHAVIOURAL BRAIN RESEARCH
(2024)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Sen Zhou, Yang Liu, Binbin Xue, Peigen Yuan
Summary: This study confirmed that low-dose Esketamine alleviates LPS-induced depressive symptoms by regulating the GSK-3 beta/NLRP3 pathway. Appropriate doses of Esketamine are essential for the treatment of depression in the clinical setting.
BEHAVIOURAL BRAIN RESEARCH
(2024)