Article
Biology
Viktor S. Kokhan, Alexey A. Ustyugov, Vladimir A. Pikalov
Summary: Space radiation has a significant impact on the central nervous system of astronauts, with both negative and positive effects observed. This study found that acute irradiation with C-12 nuclei led to temporary changes in dopamine and norepinephrine metabolism in various brain structures, without causing behavioral alterations.
Article
Neurosciences
B. Spurny, T. Vanicek, R. Seiger, M. B. Reed, M. Kloebl, V Ritter, J. Unterholzner, G. M. Godbersen, L. R. Silberbauer, D. Pacher, S. Klug, M. E. Konadu, G. Gryglewski, S. Trattnig, W. Bogner, R. Lanzenberger
Summary: The study focused on investigating the effects of associative relearning and SSRI treatment on GABAergic and glutamatergic function, revealing a significant interaction effect on hippocampal and thalamic Glx/tCr levels following SSRI treatment.
Article
Neurosciences
George Zacharopoulos, Francesco Sella, Kathrin Cohen Kadosh, Uzay Emir, Roi Cohen Kadosh
Summary: This study investigated the relationship between test anxiety and the glutamate/GABA balance using magnetic resonance spectroscopy. The results showed that the glutamate/GABA balance is associated with current test anxiety levels and can predict future test anxiety. This relationship was observed during early childhood but not during later developmental stages.
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Maguang Zhu, Jianshuo Zhou, Pengkun Sun, Lian-Mao Peng, Zhiyong Zhang
Summary: Carbon nanotube field-effect transistors and integrated circuits have been identified as promising candidates for radiation-hardened electronics. Research has shown that the substrate is more vulnerable to radiation damage than the gate dielectric and CNT film in FETs. Furthermore, the CNT film not only serves as a radiation-hardened semiconducting channel, but also shields the substrate from radiation damage at the channel/substrate interface.
ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Dana Marafi, Jawid M. Fatih, Rauan Kaiyrzhanov, Matteo P. Ferla, Charul Gijavanekar, Aljazi Al-Maraghi, Ning Liu, Emily Sites, Hessa S. Alsaif, Mohammad Al-Owain, Mohamed Zakkariah, Ehab El-Anany, Ulviyya Guliyeva, Sughra Guliyeva, Colette Gaba, Ateeq Haseeb, Amal M. Alhashem, Enam Danish, Vasiliki Karageorgou, Christian Beetz, Alaa A. Subhi, Sureni Mullegama, Erin Torti, Monisha Sebastin, Margo Sheck Breilyn, Susan Duberstein, Mohamed S. Abdel-Hamid, Tadahiro Mitani, Haowei Du, Jill A. Rosenfeld, Shalini N. Jhangiani, Zeynep Coban Akdemir, Richard A. Gibbs, Jenny C. Taylor, Khalid A. Fakhro, Jill Hunter, Davut Pehlivan, Maha S. Zaki, Joseph G. Gleeson, Reza Maroofian, Henry Houlden, Jennifer E. Posey, V. Reid Sutton, Fowzan S. Alkuraya, Sarah H. Elsea, James R. Lupski
Summary: SLC38A3 is a novel disease gene for developmental and epileptic encephalopathy, and the likely pathophysiology of the disease is perturbations in glutamine homeostasis.
Article
Neurosciences
Dillon J. McGovern, Abigail M. Polter, David H. Root
Summary: Glutamate and GABA are the main excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmitters of the nervous system, with distinct inputs to VTA glutamate neurons participating in reward and aversion-based behaviors. Through the use of genetically-encoded fluorescent indicators, the study identified differential and dynamic signaling of glutamate and GABA inputs to VTA glutamate neurons in response to reward and aversion cues and outcomes, shedding light on the neurochemical mechanisms underlying motivated behaviors. The research provides foundational evidence linking specific neurotransmitters to the regulation of motivated behaviors by VTA glutamate neurons.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Alaa M. Hammad, Ala A. Alhusban, Lujain F. Alzaghari, Fawaz Alasmari, Youssef Sari
Summary: Cigarette smoke withdrawal can cause anxiety-like behavior and modulate neurotransmitter-related proteins in the brain. The concentrations of neurotransmitters in the amygdala and hippocampus were examined after cigarette smoke exposure with and without aspirin treatment. The results showed that cigarette smoke withdrawal induced anxiety behaviors and increased tissue content of dopamine, serotonin, glutamate, glutamine, and GABA, while aspirin treatment reduced anxiety and reversed the effects of cigarette smoke exposure on neurotransmitter levels.
Article
Cell Biology
Sina Hafizi, Tarek K. Rajji
Summary: This review proposes a conceptual model that links 12 potentially modifiable risk factors for dementia with Excitation-Inhibition (E -I) imbalance. The model aims to address the current knowledge gap and provides a framework for future studies in dementia prevention, discovery of new biomarkers, and development of new interventions.
AGEING RESEARCH REVIEWS
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
B. Spurny-Dworak, M. B. Reed, P. Handschuh, T. Vanicek, M. Spies, W. Bogner, R. Lanzenberger
Summary: Seasonal changes in neurotransmitter systems were explored in 159 healthy individuals, and the results indicated that glutamate and GABA levels remain stable throughout the year in healthy individuals, without the need for seasonal correction.
HUMAN BRAIN MAPPING
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Urvakhsh Meherwan Mehta, Aboli Ektare, Jitender Jakhar, Rakshathi Basavaraju, Tarasingh N. Sanjay, Shalini S. Naik, Farooq Ali Syed, Praerna Hemant Bhargav, Preethi Reddy, Radhika Suneel Kelkar, Shyam Sundar Arumugham, Muralidharan Kesavan, Jagadisha Thirthalli, Bangalore N. Gangadhar
Summary: Research suggests that cortical inhibition aberrations play a central role in severe mental disorders. Through Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation combined with electromyography, researchers examined inhibitory processes in the motor cortex in individuals with different mental disorders compared to healthy subjects. The study found that long-interval intracortical inhibition was significantly increased in mania and schizophrenia, but reduced in OCD, while cortical silent period was decreased in OCD and depression groups compared to healthy individuals.
JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRIC RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Hadis Rostamabadi, Ilkem Demirkesen, Bengi Hakgueder Taze, Asli Can Karaca, Mehvish Habib, Kulsum Jan, Khalid Bashir, Monica R. Nemtanu, Rosana Colussi, Seid Reza Falsafi
Summary: The challenges in the food/non-food applications of starch stem mainly from its low stability under harsh processing conditions, excessive retrogradability, and limited applicability. These drawbacks have been addressed through starch modification. Due to the increasing concerns about the potential side effects of chemical modification, scientists have turned their attention to the development of physical modification techniques. Ionizing and non-ionizing radiations have been introduced as potent physical strategies to modify starch, providing new outstanding attributes to the modified product. Ionizing radiations can induce depolymerization or cross-linking/grafting reactions in the starch medium, while non-ionizing radiations can modify starch attributes by altering granule morphology/architecture and reorienting/rearranging the molecular order of starch amorphous/crystalline fractions.
Article
Oncology
N. Ari Wijetunga, Alexander G. Goglia, Nils Weinhold, Michael F. Berger, Michael Cislo, Daniel S. Higginson, Kiana Chabot, Ahmed M. Osman, Lauren Schaff, Elena Pentsova, Alexandra M. Miller, Simon N. Powell, Adrienne Boire, Jonathan T. Yang
Summary: This study analyzed the genetic characteristics and changes before and after proton craniospinal irradiation (pCSI) in patients with solid tumor leptomeningeal metastasis (LM) to explore their relationship with clinical response. The results showed unique mutations in the cell-free DNA of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) before and after pCSI, and lower genomic diversity was associated with extended survival after pCSI.
CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Nicolaie Moldovan, Iuliu-Ioan Blaga, Sanjeev Billa, Imran Hossain, Chenggong Gong, Claire E. Jones, Teresa A. Murray, Ralu Divan, Shabnam Siddiqui, Prabhu U. Arumugam
Summary: Glutamate (GLU) and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) play crucial roles in signal transmission in the brain. Imbalances in GLU-GABA homeostasis are linked to brain disorders, and a silicon multifunctional biosensor microarray probe has been developed for real-time simultaneous GLU-GABA detection with high sensitivity and selectivity in vivo.
SENSORS AND ACTUATORS B-CHEMICAL
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Luke Ziolkowski, Isaac Mordukhovich, Daniel M. Chen, Mariangela Chisari, Hong-Jin Shu, Peter M. Lambert, Mingxing Qian, Charles F. Zorumski, Douglas F. Covey, Steven Mennerick
Summary: Neuroactive steroids are emerging as a new class of drugs for treating neuropsychiatric disorders, with effects on ligand-gated neurotransmitter receptors being a major mechanism of action. MQ-221, a sulfated, 3 beta-hydroxy neurosteroid analogue, inhibits NMDAR function while potentiating GABA(A)R function, showing potentially unique and clinically desirable effects. It may represent a new class of compound with unique psychoactive effects and beneficial prospects for treating neuropsychiatric disorders.
Article
Neurosciences
Yanez Lopez Maria, Anthony N. Price, Nicolaas A. J. Puts, Emer J. Hughes, Richard A. E. Edden, Grainne M. McAlonan, Tomoki Arichi, Enrico De Vita
Summary: The balance between inhibitory and excitatory neurotransmitter systems, as well as the protective role of the antioxidant glutathione, play a crucial role in early brain development. Using edited MRS techniques, specific regional differences in neurochemical substances were identified in the neonatal brain, showing the unique features of GABA+ in neonates compared to adults. This method can provide important insight into the pathophysiology of neurodevelopmental disorders.
Article
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
Viktor Puchnin, Viacheslav Ivanov, Mikhail Gulyaev, Yury Pirogov, Mikhail Zubkov
Summary: This paper presents the initial experimental investigation of a two-coil receive/transmit design for small animal imaging at 7T MRI. The system uses a butterfly-type coil for scanning H-1 nuclei and a non-resonant loop antenna with a metamaterial-inspired resonator for X-nuclei. Simulation and experimental results show that the system has sufficiently homogeneous RF fields and tuning capabilities.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MEDICAL IMAGING
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Nikita Yabbarov, Elena Nikolskaya, Maria Sokol, Mariia Mollaeva, Margarita Chirkina, Irina Seregina, Mikhail Gulyaev, Yury Pirogov, Rem Petrov
Summary: This study demonstrates a dual-targeting drug delivery strategy that enhances the therapeutic efficacy by simultaneously targeting tumor endothelium and cell surface receptors. By functionalizing the nanodevice with selectin ligand and alpha-fetoprotein receptor-binding peptide, the strategy increases the accumulation and antitumor effect of the drug in tumor tissue.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Mikhail Gulyaev, Alex Protopopov, Olga S. Pavlova, Nikolay Anisimov, Yury A. Pirogov
Summary: This work focuses on the development of a novel design for wireless transmission line resonators (TLRs). A square-shaped TLR design is proposed, which achieves a calculation error of the resonant frequency of no more than ~3% of the measured value. The performance of the square-shaped TLR is comparable to that of conventional wireless square loop, but the B-1(+)-field generated by the TLR has a wider distribution profile. Comparative experiments with a standard circular-shaped TLR show that the proposed TLR design can be a promising path, especially for scanning small objects of study.
JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Tatyana Kuropatkina, Olga Pavlova, Mikhail Gulyaev, Yury Pirogov, Anastasiya Khutorova, Sergey Stvolinsky, Natalia Medvedeva, Oleg Medvedev
Summary: Ubiquinol has anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, while selenium is a component of many antioxidant enzymes. The study shows that intravenous administration of ubiquinol can reduce monocrotaline-induced pulmonary hypertension and alleviate right ventricle hypertrophy and lung burden.
Article
Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
Olga S. Pavlova, Nikolay V. Anisimov, Mikhail V. Gulyaev, Lev L. Gervits, Yury A. Pirogov
Summary: This study demonstrates the feasibility of functional lung assessment using F-19 MRI with a low-field scanner. Different imaging and dynamic measurement methods provide information on gas distribution and lung volume.
APPLIED MAGNETIC RESONANCE
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Stalik Dzhauari, Svetlana Litvinova, Anastasia Efimenko, Natalia Aleksandrushkina, Nataliya Basalova, Maxim Abakumov, Natalia Danilova, Pavel Malkov, Vadim Balabanyan, Tatiana Bezuglova, Viktor Balayants, Maxim Mnikhovich, Mikhail Gulyaev, Mariya Skryabina, Vladimir Popov, Dmitry Stambolsky, Tatiana Voronina, Vsevolod Tkachuk, Maxim Karagyaur
Summary: Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is a classic neuroprotective and pro-regenerative factor. Combining BDNF with urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA) provides effective neuroprotection and promotes neurological recovery after brain injury.
Article
Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
Nikolay Anisimov, Olga S. Pavlova, Arina A. Tarasova, Ivan A. Usanov, Mikhail Gulyaev, Yury A. Pirogov
Summary: This retrospective review presents the results of detecting MR signals from nuclei other than protons obtained on a clinical MR scanner. It discusses the latest developments in F-19 and Na-23 MRI and highlights the technical aspects of the study. The results have practical and methodological value for multi-nuclear applications, as well as providing guidance for research on high-field equipment.
APPLIED MAGNETIC RESONANCE
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Olga A. Averina, Oleg A. Permyakov, Mariia A. Emelianova, Olga O. Grigoryeva, Mikhail Gulyaev, Olga S. Pavlova, Sofia S. Mariasina, Olga Yu Frolova, Marina Kurkina, Galina Baydakova, Ekaterina Yu Zakharova, Maria Marey, Dmitry A. Tsarev, Vadim N. Tashlitsky, Vladimir S. Popov, Maxim L. Lovat, Vladimir I. Polshakov, Mikhail Yu Vyssokikh, Petr Sergiev
Summary: Mitoregulin (Mtln) is a mitochondrial peptide that enhances the function of respiratory complex I by modulating lipid composition. Knockout mice deficient in Mtln gene showed obesity on a high fat diet, which was attributed to enhanced fat accumulation based on magnetic resonance imaging. In addition, these mice exhibited elevated serum triglycerides, exhaustion of tricarboxylic acids cycle intermediates, and suboptimal oxidation of respiration substrates by mitochondria lacking Mtln.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Viktor S. Kokhan, Kirill Chaprov, Natalia N. Ninkina, Petr K. Anokhin, Ekaterina P. Pakhlova, Natalia Y. Sarycheva, Inna Y. Shamakina
Summary: Maternal alcohol consumption during pregnancy has different effects on male and female rats. Prenatal alcohol exposure increases alcohol consumption and preference in male rats, while causing a significant decrease in alpha-synuclein mRNA expression.
Article
Biology
Viktor S. Kokhan, Alexey A. Ustyugov, Vladimir A. Pikalov
Summary: Space radiation has a significant impact on the central nervous system of astronauts, with both negative and positive effects observed. This study found that acute irradiation with C-12 nuclei led to temporary changes in dopamine and norepinephrine metabolism in various brain structures, without causing behavioral alterations.
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Olga S. Pavlova, Mikhail V. Gulyaev, Lev L. Gervits, Anna A. Hurshkainen, Anton V. Nikulin, Viktor M. Puchnin, Ekaterina D. Teploukhova, Tatyana A. Kuropatkina, Nikolay V. Anisimov, Nataliya A. Medvedeva, Yury A. Pirogov
Summary: The feasibility of using octafluorocyclobutane (OFCB) for T-1 mapping of lungs in F-19 MRI was demonstrated in this study. The study was conducted on healthy rats and rats with pulmonary hypertension using a bent-shaped RF coil with periodic metal strips structure to increase the sensitivity of F-19 MRI. The results showed that T-1 of OFCB was linearly dependent on its partial pressure in mixtures with different gases.
MAGNETIC RESONANCE IN MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Dousatsu Sakata, Ryoichi Hirayama, Wook-Geun Shin, Mauro Belli, Maria A. Tabocchini, Robert D. Stewart, Oleg Belov, Mario A. Bernal, Marie-Claude Bordage, Jeremy M. C. Brown, Milos Dordevic, Dimitris Emfietzoglou, Ziad Francis, Susanna Guatelli, Taku Inaniwa, Vladimir Ivanchenko, Mathieu Karamitros, Ioanna Kyriakou, Nathanael Lampe, Zhuxin Li, Sylvain Meylan, Claire Michelet, Petteri Nieminen, Yann Perrot, Ivan Petrovic, Jose Ramos-Mendez, Aleksandra Ristic-Fira, Giovanni Santin, Jan Schuemann, Hoang N. Tran, Carmen Villagrasa, Sebastien Incerti
Summary: The purpose of this study was to predict DNA rejoining kinetics and cell surviving fraction in a Chinese hamster V79 cell line using the Geant4-DNA radiobiological application. By optimizing the model parameters, the study successfully predicted both DNA rejoining kinetics at low LET and cell surviving fraction.
PHYSICA MEDICA-EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL PHYSICS
(2023)
Review
Biology
Viktor S. S. Kokhan, Mikhail I. I. Dobynde
Summary: This article reviews the studies on the impact of cosmic rays on the central nervous system during interplanetary missions. Based on the analysis of relevant research, it is concluded that cosmic rays are relatively safe for the functions of the central nervous system and can even enhance cognitive abilities under certain circumstances. These findings provide optimism for the future of humanity's cosmic expansion.
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Lev L. Gervits, Andrey L. Sigan, Alina A. Markova, Mikhail V. Gulyaev, Olga S. Pavlova, Ratislav M. Ozhiganov, Yury A. Pirogov
Summary: F-19 MRI is a radiation-free technique for tracking and quantifying indicators in vivo. New F-19-MRI labels were developed, which showed high contrast properties and good biological inertness. These compounds, 1,2-bis(perfluoro-tert-butoxy)ethane and 1,3-bis(perfluoro-tert-butyl)propane, demonstrated promise for use in F-19 MRI applications.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Oleg Belov, Anna Chigasova, Margarita Pustovalova, Andrey Osipov, Petr Eremin, Natalia Vorobyeva, Andreyan N. Osipov
Summary: This study presents experimental evidence and quantitative modeling analysis showing that increased radiation dose leads to a decrease in the relative contribution of homologous recombination in the DNA repair process.
CURRENT ISSUES IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Yang He, Jun Tang, Meng Zhang, Junjie Ying, Dezhi Mu
Summary: This study investigated the protective effects and mechanisms of human placenta derived mesenchymal stem cells (hPMSCs) transplantation in a rat model of hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE). The results showed that hPMSCs transplantation reduced apoptosis and improved long-term neurological prognosis. Furthermore, the downregulation of Sema 3A/NRP-1 expression and activation of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway played a key role in the protective effects of hPMSCs.
Article
Neurosciences
Emily L. Isenstein, Edward G. Freedman, Jiayi Xu, Ian A. DeAndrea-Lazarus, John J. Foxe
Summary: This study evaluated electrophysiological discrimination of parametric somatosensory stimuli in healthy young adults to understand how the brain processes the duration of tactile information. The results showed that participants did not electrophysiologically discriminate between 100 and 115 ms, but they exhibited distinct electrophysiological responses when the deviant stimuli were 130, 145, and 160 ms. These findings contribute to a better understanding of tactile sensitivity in different clinical conditions.
Article
Neurosciences
Juliana R. Souza, Ludmila Lima-Silveira, Daniela Accorsi-Mendonca, Benedito H. Machado
Summary: This study demonstrates that A2A receptors play a crucial role in modulating synaptic transmission in the NTS neurons and are required for the enhancement of glutamatergic transmission observed under short-term sustained hypoxia conditions.
Article
Neurosciences
Miki Hashizume, Rina Ito, Rie Suge, Yasushi Hojo, Gen Murakami, Takayuki Murakoshi
Summary: The basolateral amygdaloid complex (BLA) is closely involved in the formation of emotional memories, including both aversive memory and contextual fear memory. Acute sleep deprivation (SD) disrupts the acquisition of tone-associated fear memory in juvenile rats, but has no significant effect on contextual fear memory. Slow network oscillation in the amygdala contributes to the formation of amygdala-dependent fear memory in relation to sleep.
Article
Neurosciences
Qunxian Wang, Shipeng Guo, Dongjie Hu, Xiangjun Dong, Zijun Meng, Yanshuang Jiang, Zijuan Feng, Weihui Zhou, Weihong Song
Summary: GSDME plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease by regulating the switch from apoptosis to pyroptosis and participating in neuroinflammatory response. Knockdown of GSDME has been shown to improve cognitive impairments, indicating that GSDME could be a therapeutic target for Alzheimer's disease.