Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Sabrina J. Meikle, Maureen A. Hagan, Nicholas S. C. Price, Yan T. Wong
Summary: This study investigated the feasibility of using current steering to stimulate specific cortical layers. The results showed that current steering could not achieve precise control of neural activity peaks between different layers, but it could reduce the stimulation threshold at adjacent electrodes. This finding is significant for controlling the side effects of neural prostheses.
JOURNAL OF NEURAL ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Abhishek Kumar, Santosh Kumar Gupta, Vijaya Bhadauria
Summary: A 12-bit partial segmented current steering digital to analog converter (DAC) with low glitch area, power consumption, and integral nonlinearity (INL) error is proposed in this work. The glitch area is significantly reduced to 0.25 pVs by using a current-mode logic (CML) latch with reduced output swing and a dummy switch at the output of the differential switch. The overall design achieves a lower power consumption of 9.1 mW and improved performance.
ENGINEERING SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY-AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL-JESTECH
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Daniel Beauchamp, Keith M. Chugg
Summary: This work presents an analysis and calibration of interleaving and data timing errors in modern times-2 interleaved digital-to-analog converters. The authors develop an analytical model and propose a calibration algorithm to address these errors. Extensive simulations using the model demonstrate the effectiveness of the algorithm.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON CIRCUITS AND SYSTEMS I-REGULAR PAPERS
(2022)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Navnika Gupta, Sanjay Pandey
Summary: Botulinum toxin is currently the most effective treatment for FHD with 20-90% of patients experiencing symptomatic improvement, but its benefits are limited by muscle tonus reduction. Surgical modalities such as lesional surgery, deep brain stimulation, and magnetic resonance-guided focused ultrasound thalamotomy are also used. Behavioral techniques, sensorimotor training, and neuromodulation have shown promising outcomes in the treatment of FHD, but larger studies are needed for implementation in practice.
NEUROLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Jiaming Shen, Fangjun Liu, Jizhong Shen
Summary: A current-mode CMOS circuit design method based on spectral techniques and threshold logic is proposed in this paper. The designed circuit is controlled only by current signals, and it is capable of designing both combinational and sequential logic current-mode CMOS circuits. Through simulations and real circuit tests, the effectiveness of the proposed method is proven, with advantages including lower power consumption, higher current stability, and fewer control signals required compared with voltage-mode CMOS and other major current-mode CMOS circuits.
MICROELECTRONICS JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Sabrina J. Meikle, Maureen A. Hagan, Nicholas S. C. Price, Yan T. Wong
Summary: This study investigates whether current steering technique can enhance the resolution of artificial vision without increasing the number of physical electrodes implanted in the brain. The results show that current steering can systematically shift the activation location of neurons and improve the effectiveness of artificial vision.
JOURNAL OF NEURAL ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Jesus Arturo Sanchez-Sanchez, Montserrat Navarro-Espino, Yonatan Betancur-Ocampo, Jose Eduardo Barrios-Vargas, Thomas Stegmann
Summary: This study proposes a nanoelectronic device made of twisted bilayer graphene to control the direction of current flow. The current can be guided to specific lateral edges of the graphene layers by reversing the twist angle or injecting electrons in different energy bands. The findings demonstrate the potential for controlling and manipulating current flow in twisted bilayer graphene, which has implications for twistronics and valleytronics applications.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICS-MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Jason Remple, Andrea Panigada, Ian Galton
Summary: This study introduces a new technique, ISI scrambling, which, when used in conjunction with DEM technology, ensures that the ISI of a DAC is free from nonlinear distortion. Experimental results show that using the ISI scrambling technique can improve the linearity of DACs and closely match the predicted theoretical results.
IEEE JOURNAL OF SOLID-STATE CIRCUITS
(2022)
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Nehad Mansour, Mohamed Elnozahi, Hani Ragaai
Summary: This paper proposes an automated design tool for millimeter-wave variable gain amplifiers (VGAs) that takes into account the parasitic effects of interconnects. The tool combines parasitic-aware and knowledge-aware techniques to speed up the design process and obtain close-to-final designs.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Vibhash D. Sharma, Delaram Safarpour, Shyamal H. Mehta, Nora Vanegas-Arroyave, Daniel Weiss, Jeffrey W. Cooney, Zoltan Mari, Alfonso Fasano
Summary: The use of telemedicine in managing chronic neurological conditions, including movement disorders, has been expanding over time. With the COVID-19 pandemic, the rapid increase in implementing telehealth for patients with movement disorders, especially those with more severe mobility issues, has been observed. Telemedicine not only reduces caregiver burden and improves patient satisfaction but also facilitates convenient access to treatment for patients.
PARKINSONISM & RELATED DISORDERS
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Dillon J. McGovern, Abigail M. Polter, David H. Root
Summary: Glutamate and GABA are the main excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmitters of the nervous system, with distinct inputs to VTA glutamate neurons participating in reward and aversion-based behaviors. Through the use of genetically-encoded fluorescent indicators, the study identified differential and dynamic signaling of glutamate and GABA inputs to VTA glutamate neurons in response to reward and aversion cues and outcomes, shedding light on the neurochemical mechanisms underlying motivated behaviors. The research provides foundational evidence linking specific neurotransmitters to the regulation of motivated behaviors by VTA glutamate neurons.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Vyshak Chandra, Justin D. Hilliard, Kelly D. Foote
Summary: This review article provides a historical perspective on the use of DBS for tremor, discusses various etiologies for tremor that can be managed effectively with DBS therapy, and reviews important aspects of DBS surgical technique, including recent technological advances. It is part of the Special Issue Tremor edited by Daniel D. Truong, Mark Hallett, and Aasef Shaikh.
JOURNAL OF THE NEUROLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Richarda M. de Voer, Illja J. Diets, Rachel S. van der Post, Robbert D. A. Weren, Eveline J. Kamping, Tessa J. J. de Bitter, Lisa Elze, Rob H. A. Verhoeven, Elisa Vink-Borger, Astrid Eijkelenboom, Arjen Mensenkamp, Iris D. Nagtegaal, Marjolijn C. J. Jongmans, Marjolijn J. L. Ligtenberg
Summary: This study analyzed clinical, molecular, and genetic features of colorectal cancers in adolescents and young adults, finding that 39% of patients had a genetic tumor risk syndrome. The study highlights differences in CRC characteristics between young patients and older patients, suggesting the need for new clinical management strategies.
CLINICAL GASTROENTEROLOGY AND HEPATOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Qi Zhang, Xiwei Zhang, Xiao Li, Yuming Li, Li Liu
Summary: This study improves the design of a magnetic-driven laser scanner and expands its steering range. A magnetic field model is established and calibrated, showing consistency with the real magnetic field. The results demonstrate the ability of the laser scanner to generate the desired magnetic field within the maximum steering range.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INSTRUMENTATION AND MEASUREMENT
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
ManHua Zhu, Neil G. Rogers, Jasmine V. Jahad, Melissa A. Herman
Summary: Nicotine affects dopamine neurons in the ventral tegmental area (VTA) and plays a role in nicotine addiction. This study examined the effects of nicotine on stress-associated VTA corticotropin-releasing factor receptor 1 (CRF1) neurons. The findings revealed sex-dependent and exposure-dependent changes in VTA-NAc CRF1 neuronal activity, inhibitory signaling, and nicotine sensitivity following nicotine vapor exposure. These changes potentially contribute to nicotine-dependent behaviors and the intersection between stress, anxiety, and addiction.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Peter Pieperhoff, Martin Suedmeyer, Lars Dinkelbach, Christian J. Hartmann, Stefano Ferrea, Alexia S. Moldovan, Martina Minnerop, Sandra Diaz-Pier, Alfons Schnitzler, Katrin Amunts
Summary: This study investigated the spatio-temporal patterns of atrophy propagation in Parkinson's disease (PD) and their associations with clinical symptoms. The findings showed accelerated volume decreases in specific brain regions in PD patients, which were consistent with the proposed pathological pattern.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Helge Jorn Zollner, Thomas A. A. Thiel, Nur-Deniz Fuellenbach, Markus S. Joerdens, Sinyeob Ahn, Lena M. M. Wilms, Alexandra Ljimani, Dieter Haeussinger, Markus Butz, Hans-Joerg Wittsack, Alfons Schnitzler, Georg Oeltzschner
Summary: Using GABA-edited MRS, this study investigates metabolic abnormalities in the cerebello-thalamo-cortical system of HE patients, finding changes in GABA+ levels in the cerebellum and motor cortex that are closely linked to disease severity, CFF, motor performance, and blood ammonia levels.
METABOLIC BRAIN DISEASE
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Serge Pinto, Adelheid Nebel, Jorn Rau, Robert Espesser, Pauline Maillochon, Oliver Niebuhr, Paul Krack, Tatiana Witjas, Alain Ghio, Marie-Charlotte Cuartero, Lars Timmermann, Alfons Schnitzler, Helke Hesekamp, Niklaus Meier, Julia Muellner, Thomas D. Haelbig, Bettina Moeller, Steffen Paschen, Laura Paschen, Jens Volkmann, Michael T. Barbe, Gereon R. Fink, Johannes Becker, Paul Reker, Andrea A. Kuehn, Gerd-Helge Schneider, Valerie Fraix, Eric Seigneuret, Andrea Kistner, Olivier Rascol, Christine Brefel-Courbon, Fabienne Ory-Magne, Christian J. Hartmann, Lars Wojtecki, Anne Fradet, David Maltete, Philippe Damier, Severine Le Dily, Friederike Sixel-Doering, Petra Benecke, Daniel Weiss, Tobias Waechter, Marcus O. Pinsker, Jean Regis, Stephane Thobois, Gustavo Polo, Jean-Luc Houeto, Andreas Hartmann, Karina Knudsen, Marie Vidailhet, Michael Schuepbach, Gunther Deuschl
Summary: This study compared speech intelligibility assessment and other outcomes between subthalamic nucleus deep brain stimulation (STN-DBS) and best medical treatment (BMT) in early-stage Parkinson's disease patients over a 2-year period. The results showed no significant differences in speech intelligibility and patient-reported outcomes between the STN-DBS and BMT groups, but there was a trend towards worsening in both groups.
MOVEMENT DISORDERS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Carlos Trenado, Matthias Boschheidgen, Karim N'Diaye, Alfons Schnitzler, Luc Mallet, Lars Wojtecki
Summary: Deep brain stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus (STN-DBS) is effective in treating motor symptoms in Parkinson's disease (PD), but its impact on high cognitive processes such as metacognition remains unclear. This study found no significant effect of STN-DBS on reversal learning (RL) or metacognition.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Neuroimaging
Matthias Sure, Sean Mertiens, Jan Vesper, Alfons Schnitzler, Esther Florin
Summary: The stun effect from deep brain stimulation (DBS) electrodes in Parkinson's disease (PD) patients can temporarily improve motor symptoms. However, the network changes induced by the stun effect have not been well characterized. This study investigated whether the DBS-related stun effect also modulated resting-state networks (RSNs) and found that it alters different functional RSNs throughout the brain.
NEUROIMAGE-CLINICAL
(2023)
Editorial Material
Clinical Neurology
Bahne H. Bahners, Rachel K. Spooner, Christian J. Hartmann, Alfons Schnitzler, Esther Florin
Article
Clinical Neurology
Marius Kroesche, Silja Kannenberg, Markus Butz, Christian J. Hartmann, Esther Florin, Alfons Schnitzler, Jan Hirschmann
Summary: This study investigated the spectral properties of atypical parkinsonism (APS) by measuring resting-state magnetoencephalography in patients with corticobasal syndrome (CBS), progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP), idiopathic Parkinson's disease (PD), and healthy controls. The results showed that APS was associated with spectral slowing, with a shift in beta peaks towards lower frequencies in the frontal areas. Additionally, increased theta/alpha power was observed in both APS and PD compared to controls. The findings suggest that spectral slowing might be an electrophysiological marker of neurodegeneration and could aid in the differential diagnosis of parkinsonian syndromes in the future.
MOVEMENT DISORDERS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Jeroen G. V. Habets, Rachel K. Spooner, Varvara Mathiopoulou, Lucia K. Feldmann, Johannes L. Busch, Jan Roediger, Bahne H. Bahners, Alfons Schnitzler, Esther Florin, Andrea A. Kuehn
Summary: An open-source tool called ReTap was developed to predict finger tapping scores in Parkinson's disease patients. The tool successfully detected tapping blocks in over 94% of cases and extracted clinically relevant kinematic features per tap. The study demonstrated that ReTap can provide accessible and reliable finger tapping scores, which may have important implications for the diagnosis and treatment of Parkinson's disease.
Article
Neurosciences
Rachel K. Spooner, Bahne H. Bahners, Alfons Schnitzler, Esther Florin
Summary: Research shows that optimal contact orientations in subthalamic deep brain stimulation can lead to larger cortical responses and smoother hand movements in patients with Parkinson's disease. These findings have clinical implications for optimizing DBS parameter settings to alleviate motor symptoms.
NPJ PARKINSONS DISEASE
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Experimental
Julia Henkel, Christian Hartmann, Valentina Niccolai, Ruben van de Vijver, Alfons Schnitzler, Katja Biermann-Ruben
Summary: Parkinson's disease not only affects the motor system, but also language abilities, particularly syntactic subordination. This study found that patients with Parkinson's disease showed a significant reduction in subordinating structures compared to a healthy control group, while the number of non-embedding sentences remained unaffected. Additionally, the medication status of levodopa did not have a significant effect on language abilities. These results suggest a contribution of the basal ganglia to language processing, which is not dopamine dependent.
Article
Neurosciences
Frederick Benjamin Junker, Tobias Schmidt-Wilcke, Alfons Schnitzler, Joachim Lange
Summary: This study explores the nonlexical components of language decoding using Morse code as a model. Magnetoencephalography was employed to investigate the brain regions associated with Morse code decoding and word comprehension. The findings provide insights into the neural mechanisms underlying language decoding.
HUMAN BRAIN MAPPING
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Anne A. Koy, Andrea Kuehn, Petra Schiller, Julius Huebl, Gerd-Helge Schneider, Matthias Eckenweiler, Cornelia Rensing-Zimmermann, Volker Arnd K. Coenen, Joachim Krauss, Assel Saryyeva, Hans Hartmann, Delia Lorenz, Jens Volkmann, Cordula Matthies, Alfons Schnitzler, Jan Vesper, Alireza Gharabaghi, Daniel Weiss, Andrea Bevot, Warren Marks, Angela Howser, Elegast Monbaliu, Joerg Mueller, Reinhild Prinz-Langenohl, Veerle Visser-Vandewalle, Lars Timmermann
Summary: This study assessed the efficacy and safety of deep brain stimulation (DBS) in pediatric patients with dyskinetic cerebral palsy (DCP). The results showed that DBS significantly improved dyskinesia, but other outcome parameters did not change significantly. Investigations of larger homogeneous cohorts are needed to further ascertain the impact of DBS and guide treatment decisions in DCP.
MOVEMENT DISORDERS
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Johannes L. Busch, Jonathan Kaplan, Bahne H. Bahners, Jan Roediger, Katharina Faust, Gerd-Helge Schneider, Esther Florin, Alfons Schnitzler, Patricia Krause, Andrea A. Kuehn
Summary: Stimulation-induced beta power suppression is superior to directional beta power in selecting the most effective contact for programming deep brain stimulation systems in patients with Parkinson's disease.
MOVEMENT DISORDERS
(2023)
Letter
Psychiatry
Ana S. Costa, Carolin Balloff, Julia Bungenberg, Simone C. Tauber, Ann-Kathrin Telke, Carolina Bandlow, Stefan J. Groiss, Christian J. Hartmann, Saskia Elben, Iris-Katharina Penner, Sven G. Meuth, Alfons Schnitzler, Kathrin Reetz, Philipp Albrecht
PSYCHIATRY RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Marius Kroesche, Silja Kannenberg, Markus Butz, Christian J. Hartmann, Esther Florin, Alfons Schnitzler, Jan Hirschmann
Summary: This study identified spectral slowing, particularly affecting the frontal beta oscillations, in patients with atypical parkinsonian syndromes. This finding may serve as an electrophysiological marker for the differential diagnosis of Parkinson's disease in the future.
MOVEMENT DISORDERS
(2023)