Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Bryson Krause, Dhananjay Mishra, Jiyang Chen, Christos Argyropoulos, Thang Hoang
Summary: This study demonstrates enhanced second-harmonic generation and second-order nonlinear exciton-polariton strong coupling response using plasmonic nanopatch antennas (NPAs), providing important insights for nonlinear control of light-matter interactions in optical engineering and information processing.
ADVANCED OPTICAL MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Johannes Schust, Florian Mangold, Florian Sterl, Niklas Metz, Thorsten Schumacher, Markus Lippitz, Mario Hentschel, Harald Giessen
Summary: Nonlinear optical plasmonics investigates the emission of plasmonic nanoantennas using nonlinear spectroscopy. The study introduces nonlinear spatially resolved spectroscopy (NSRS), which can image the k-space and spatially resolve the THG signal of gold nanoantennas. The research demonstrates the ability to image various oscillation modes inside the nanostructures and determine spatial emission hotspots. The NSRS setup enables the investigation of a nonlinear self-enhancement process of nanoantennas under critical laser excitation.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
C. J. Valencia-Caicedo, E. I. Chaikina, A. V. Khomenko
Summary: We numerically studied the second-harmonic generation (SHG) from subwavelength GaAs relief gratings with and without Au nano-stripes. Our results showed that adding Au nano-stripes significantly enhanced the SHG efficiency, with more than 500 times enhancement and an absolute value of 1.2 x 10(-3)% when the intensity of pump light was 1 GW/cm(2).
RESULTS IN PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Yoonsoo Rho, SeokJae Yoo, Daniel B. Durham, DongJun Kang, Andrew M. Minor, Costas P. Grigoropoulos
Summary: Nonlinear optical response is a useful tool for studying the properties of materials, but its weak signal and limited reach make it difficult to probe deep-subwavelength-scale nonlinear optics. In this study, we propose a new method using an SHG-active plasmonic nanotip to achieve efficient second harmonic generation (SHG) nanoscopy. Our simulations suggest that enhancing the nonlinear response of the sample or suppressing the tip's response can lead to a high near-field SHG contrast, providing evidence of quantum mechanical nonlinear energy transfer. Furthermore, this technique can be used to study nanoscale corrosion and other physicochemical phenomena.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Vyacheslav A. Trofimov, Dmitry M. Kharitonov, Mikhail V. Fedotov, Yongqiang Yang, Di Wang, Zhiheng Tai
Summary: We propose using cascaded second-harmonic generation (SHG) to achieve frequency conversion in a way similar to that in a medium with cubic susceptibility. By introducing phase mismatching, we can efficiently generate third-harmonic waves. Theoretical predictions suggest a THG efficiency of 94.5%.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Agostino Di Francescantonio, Andrea Locatelli, Xiaofei Wu, Attilio Zilli, Thorsten Feichtner, Paolo Biagioni, Lamberto Duo, Davide Rocco, Costantino De Angelis, Michele Celebrano, Bert Hecht, Marco Finazzi
Summary: The control of nonlinear optical signals in nanostructured systems is achieved by exploiting coherent interactions between different nonlinear optical processes. In this study, plasmonic nanostructures are utilized to provide strong field enhancement and high optical nonlinearity. By combining two beams, one at a telecom wavelength and the other at twice the frequency, a nonlinear signal is generated from single asymmetric gold nanoantennas. The modulation and manipulation of this nonlinear signal is demonstrated through interference with the third-harmonic radiation, offering a promising route for all-optical logic operations at the nanoscale.
ADVANCED OPTICAL MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Optics
Vyacheslav A. Trofimov, Dmitry M. Kharitonov, Mikhail Fedotov
Summary: This paper proposes a new scheme for fifth harmonic generation based on cascading third harmonic generation, which can improve frequency up-conversion efficiency. The feasibility of this scheme is theoretically demonstrated using multi-scale approach and can be applied directly to femtosecond pulses in a medium with cubic nonlinear response.
OPTICS AND LASER TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Optics
Li Zhang, Xiao Wu, Zhenzhong Hao, Rui Ma, Feng Gao, Fang Bo, Guoquan Zhang, Jingjun Xu
Summary: This Letter reports the fabrication of lithium niobate-on-insulator ridge waveguides with generalized quasiperiodic poled superlattices using electric field polarization technique and microfabrication techniques. The efficient second-harmonic and cascaded third-harmonic signals were observed in the same device, with normalized conversion efficiency of 1735% W-1 cm-2 and 0.41% W-2 cm-4, respectively. This work opens a new direction for nonlinear integrated photonics based on lithium niobate thin film.
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Fan Yang, Cristian Ciraci
Summary: We analytically study the direct and cascaded third-harmonic generation from a nanowire dimer system with a transformation optics approach. The near-field, emission pattern, spectrum, and size dependence of the nanowire dimer are systematically explored. The calculation reveals that the direct and cascaded third-harmonic generation possess different mode excitations and size dependence for a plasmonic structure made up of centrosymmetric media. We point out that these discrepancies can be utilized as a fingerprint to clarify the nonlinear origin of a measured third-harmonic signal. In addition, a broadband continuous multiresonant state appears when the nanostructure becomes more singular, strongly improving the upconversion efficiency.
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Yang Li, Guanqing Zhang, Yutao Tang, Xuecai Zhang, Wenfeng Cai, Yanjun Liu, Tun Cao, Guixin Li
Summary: A metal-silicon hybrid metasurface is proposed to generate strong third harmonic signals from an amorphous silicon film. By integrating the film into a gold plasmonic nanocavity and controlling the periods of the gold meta-atoms, the efficiency of the third harmonic generation process is greatly enhanced and provides new routes for developing silicon photonic devices with high optical nonlinearity.
Article
Optics
Zelin Hao, Wenwei Liu, Zhancheng Li, Zhi Li, Guangzhou Geng, Yanchun Wang, Hua Cheng, Hammad Ahmed, Xianzhong Chen, Junjie Li, Jianguo Tian, Shuqi Chen
Summary: Metasurfaces have shown great potential in optical wave manipulation but face challenges in multidimensional manipulation of harmonic waves generated by nonlinear metasurfaces. This study presents an efficient design strategy based on the hydrodynamic model of free electron dynamics, allowing for full complex-amplitude modulation of second harmonic generation. The proposed nonlinear metasurfaces demonstrate spin-selective SHG optical vortices with independent topological charges, opening up new possibilities for nonlinear metasurface applications in optical information and multifunctional integration.
LASER & PHOTONICS REVIEWS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Sergejs Boroviks, Andrei Kiselev, Karim Achouri, Olivier J. F. Martin
Summary: We have demonstrated a nonlinear plasmonic metasurface that has a strongly asymmetric second-harmonic generation. The nonlinear scattering is efficient when excited in one direction, but it is suppressed when the excitation direction is reversed, creating a diode-like functionality. Experimental measurements show a significant extinction ratio of approximately 10 dB for second-harmonic generation with opposite excitations, and these findings are supported by full-wave simulations. The asymmetry in the material composition, achieved by using a combination of aluminum and silver, leads to a bianisotropic response of the system.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Fan Yang, Cristian Ciraci
Summary: We present a theoretical study on second-harmonic generation from a singular metasurface, which strongly interacts with incident light and generates intense surface polarization, resulting in the generation of second-harmonic field. By using transformation optics, the calculation of nonlinear optical response is simplified, and the dependence on the incident angle is weak, making it potentially useful for all-angle harmonic generation. Furthermore, we investigate the symmetry dependence of second-harmonic generation in the far field and demonstrate an enhanced conversion efficiency under normal incidence by breaking the surface inversion symmetry.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Zahra Razavi, Hassan Pakarzadeh
Summary: Optical nanoantennas have gained significant research interest for their ability to concentrate far-field radiation into sub-wavelength dimensions. They have also been utilized to enhance the functionality of nonlinear optical devices. By properly designing nanoantennas, changing the geometry, and inserting nanocrystals, the efficiency of third-harmonic generation emission can be significantly improved.
EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL PLUS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Theis P. P. Rasmussen, A. Rodriguez Echarri, F. Javier Garcia de Abajo, Joel D. D. Cox
Summary: The subwavelength plasmonic near-field enhancement is hindered by large ohmic losses in good plasmonic materials, while conventional phase-matching of fields in bulk nonlinear crystals is not suitable for realizing nonlinear optical phenomena on the nanoscale. In contrast, highly-doped graphene supports long-lived, highly-confined, and actively-tunable plasmons, making it an excellent platform for both plasmonics and nonlinear optics. By interfacing multiple graphene nanostructures in close proximity, we can trigger nonlocal effects associated with large gradients in the electromagnetic near field to enhance nonlinear response.
Article
Optics
Bohan Li, Rocio Camacho-Morales, Neuton Li, Andrea Tognazzi, Marco Gandolfi, Domenico de Ceglia, Costantino De Angelis, Andrey A. Sukhorukov, Dragomir N. Neshev
Summary: By optimizing the nanostructured VO2 material, researchers have successfully improved its light transmission modulation to 0.73, which is twice the previous achieved modulation value. This research provides new opportunities for the application of VO2 materials.
PHOTONICS RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Andrea Tognazzi, Paolo Franceschini, Davide Rocco, Luca Carletti, Andrea Locatelli, Marco Gandolfi, Dario Zappa, Alfonso Carmelo Cino, Elisabetta Comini, Giuseppe Leo, Costantino De Angelis
Summary: We investigate the generation of second harmonic in dielectric nanocylinders, considering the incident field wavelength and geometrical dimensions. We find that, surprisingly, the second harmonic efficiency is not reduced by the increase of the imaginary part of the complex dielectric refractive index. The presence of higher order multipoles supported by the resonators at the fundamental wavelength can boost the generated second harmonic signal even in the dielectric absorption spectral region, achieving similar nonlinear efficiency as the lossless case.
IEEE PHOTONICS TECHNOLOGY LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Optics
Abhik Chakraborty, Parijat Barman, Ankit Kumar Singh, Xiaofei Wu, Denis A. Akimov, Tobias Meyer-Zedler, Stefan Nolte, Carsten Ronning, Michael Schmitt, Juergen Popp, Jer-Shing Huang
Summary: Plasmonic enhancement of nonlinear light-matter interaction can be achieved by optimizing resonant plasmonic modes that match the wavelengths involved in the nonlinear optical process. This study investigates the generation and enhancement of broadband four-wave mixing in a plasmonic azimuthally chirped grating (ACG), which allows for control of near and far field interactions across a wide range of wavelengths. The mechanism responsible for field enhancement in the ACG platform depends on the interplay between groove geometry and grating periodicity. This work elucidates the collective contribution of localized surface plasmon resonance and plasmonic surface lattice resonance to the enhancement of broadband FWM in the ACG.
LASER & PHOTONICS REVIEWS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Giulio Tavani, Chiara Barri, Erfan Mafakheri, Giorgia Franzo, Michele Celebrano, Michele Castriotta, Matteo Di Giancamillo, Giorgio Ferrari, Francesco Picciariello, Giulio Foletto, Costantino Agnesi, Giuseppe Vallone, Paolo Villoresi, Vito Sorianello, Davide Rotta, Marco Finazzi, Monica Bollani, Enrico Prati
Summary: Recent advancements in QKD protocols have explored the use of erbium-doped LEDs as nonlaser sources for quantum key distribution. Silicon LEDs based on electroluminescence of Er:O complexes in Si have been fabricated on a 220 nm SOI wafer. The Er:O diodes showed emission rates of 5 x 10^6 photons/s at 1550 nm at room temperature, and their integration on the SOI platform allows for the development of silicon photon sources suitable for arbitrary-statistic-tolerant QKD protocols.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Anastasiia Zalogina, Luca Carletti, Anton Rudenko, Jerome Moloney, Aditya Tripathi, Hoo-Cheol Lee, Ilya Shadrivov, Hong-Gyu Park, Yuri Kivshar, Sergey S. Kruk
Summary: Higher-order optical harmonics have been observed in nanostructured solids such as optical gratings and metasurfaces. By structuring materials at the subwavelength scale, we can enhance nonlinear processes and reduce the size of high-harmonic sources. In our study, we generated up to a seventh harmonic from a single subwavelength resonator made of AlGaAs material. This was achieved by carefully engineering the resonator geometry and exciting the resonant modes with an azimuthally polarized tightly focused beam.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Ayse Tugca Mina Yesilyurt, Maria Sanz-Paz, Fangjia Zhu, Xiaofei Wu, Karthika Suma Sunil, Guillermo P. Acuna, Jer-Shing Huang
Summary: Optical quantum emitters near nanostructures exhibit structure-dependent emission properties. In this work, we successfully construct ultracompact unidirectional nanoemitters using DNA origami method, achieving high front-to-back ratio and emission enhancement for single molecules.
Article
Physics, Applied
P. Franceschini, A. Tognazzi, G. Finco, L. Carletti, I. Alessandri, A. C. Cino, C. De Angelis, O. Takayama, R. Malureanu, A. V. Lavrinenko, D. de Ceglia
Summary: Subwavelength control of electromagnetic field distribution is a current challenge in photonics research. Diffractive metasurfaces with spatially extended resonant modes have recently gained interest for their versatility in shaping the electromagnetic field. In this study, we design a nonlocal metasurface with modes in the third operating spectral window of optical communications. The optical properties are investigated through experiments and simulations, revealing the magnetic and electric nature of the modes.
APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Luca Carletti, Cormac Mcdonnell, Unai Arregui Leon, Davide Rocco, Marco Finazzi, Andrea Toma, Tal Ellenbogen, Giuseppe Della Valle, Michele Celebrano, Costantino De Angelis
Summary: We investigated the nonlinear THz generation from lithium niobate films and crystals of different thicknesses. The results show a significant enhancement in the nonlinear response compared to optical frequencies. This enhancement is attributed to specific optical phonon modes and is most pronounced in films thinner than 2 μm. These findings are important for the development of broadband THz emitters and detectors as well as the control of optical-to-THz conversion in nanophotonic structures.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Ayse Tugca Yesilyurt, Xiaofei Wu, Kosti Tapio, Ilko Bald, Jer-Shing Huang
Summary: We observed hotspot-induced emitters and significant enhancement of photoluminescence in plasmonic dimer nanoantennas with the assistance of DNA origami upon excess polarized laser illumination. The alignment of DNA and laser polarization along the dimer axis is crucial for the generation of bright emitters and the observed increase in photoluminescence. The emission spectrum indicates the formation of carbon-based emitters due to plasmonic hotspots at the longitudinal antenna resonance.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
(2023)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Agostino Di Francescantonio, Attilio Zilli, Davide Rocco, Laure Coudrat, Fabrizio Conti, Paolo Biagioni, Lamberto Duo, Aristide Lemaitre, Costantino De Angelis, Giuseppe Leo, Marco Finazzi, Michele Celebrano
Summary: By utilizing a nonlinear periodic metasurface, we have demonstrated all-optical routing of telecom photons upconverted to the visible range. This was achieved through the interference between two frequency-degenerate upconversion processes, namely third-harmonic and sum-frequency generation, controlled by tuning the relative phase and polarization between the pump beams. This technique allows for the modulation of the upconverted signal among the diffraction orders of the metasurface with high efficiency.
NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Yi-Ju Chen, Gabriele Schmidl, Andrea Dellith, Annett Gawlik, Guobin Jia, Thomas Bocklitz, Xiaofei Wu, Jonathan Plentz, Jer-Shing Huang
Summary: Plasmonic nanoparticle arrays with specific lattice arrangement were optimized for various applications by combining nanosphere lithography (NSL) with thermal annealing or nanosecond-pulsed laser treatment to refine particle morphology and lattice arrangement. The effects of the two treatment methods on the particle morphology and lattice arrangement were comparatively studied. The differences in spectra observed can be attributed to the varying particle morphology, resulting in a significant change in localized surface plasmon resonance (SLR).
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Yi-Ju Chen, Gabriele Schmidl, Andrea Dellith, Annett Gawlik, Guobin Jia, Thomas Bocklitz, Xiaofei Wu, Jonathan Plentz, Jer-Shing Huang
Summary: This work investigates the refinement effect of thermal annealing or ns-pulsed laser treatment methods on the morphology and optical responses of mono- and bi-metallic plasmonic honeycomb lattice prepared by nanosphere lithography.