Article
Clinical Neurology
Richard T. Benson, Walter J. Koroshetz
Summary: Health advances have not reached everyone equally, and achieving health equity remains a goal. The National Institutes of Health prioritize research that enhances health equity, and this article outlines their ongoing programs to eliminate health disparities and the challenges faced in achieving this.
Article
Clinical Neurology
A. Susana Ramirez, Stephanie M. Mohl, Christin Veasley, Sameer A. Sheth
Summary: Optimizing health care decisions requires access to health-related information that is tailored to individual needs. However, research has shown that there are disparities in health care information based on sex, race, socioeconomic status, geography, sexual orientation, and other factors. Addressing neurologic disparities and achieving health equity requires the application of evidence-based strategies to effectively communicate information and shape health systems and policies.
Article
Clinical Neurology
A. Susana Ramirez, Stephanie M. Mohl, Christin Veasley, Sameer A. Sheth
Summary: Optimizing healthcare decisions requires access to appropriate health information. However, research has shown disparities in health-related information based on sex, race, socioeconomic status, geography, and sexual orientation. These disparities can be perpetuated and exacerbate by unequal access to information. Communication plays a crucial role in addressing neurologic disparities and achieving health equity. In this report, recommendations are provided for incentivizing and supporting the application of communication science in neurologic health research.
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Hannah L. Heintz, Julie M. Paik, Lola Baird, Jane A. Driver, Jennifer Moye
Summary: This study examined the healthcare values of adults aged 55+ and found that Black participants rated religious and racial, ethnic, and cultural considerations as more important in healthcare decision-making than White participants. Functioning and connections were highly valued across all participants.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN GERIATRICS SOCIETY
(2023)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Carolyn P. Neuhaus, Danielle M. Pacia, Johanna T. Crane, Karen J. Maschke, Nancy Berlinger
Summary: The All of Us initiative by the United States National Institutes of Health recruits diverse participants to improve the composition of biobanks, which predominantly consist of biospecimens from people of European ancestry. Participants consent to provide various samples and their electronic health records. In addition to diversifying precision medicine research, the initiative aims to return genetic results and provide necessary follow-up care to participants if needed.
JOURNAL OF PERSONALIZED MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Jennifer F. Kelly
Summary: This article discusses the definition of health disparities, their causes, and the role psychology and the American Psychological Association play in addressing them. It also describes the work of the APA Presidential Task Force on Psychology and Health Equity in tackling health disparities.
AMERICAN PSYCHOLOGIST
(2022)
Review
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Seth W. Perry, Jacob C. Rainey, Stephen Allison, Tarun Bastiampillai, Ma-Li Wong, Julio Licinio, Steven S. Sharfstein, Holly C. Wilcox
Summary: Suicide rates in the US show disparities based on age, sex, race/ethnicity, geography, and other factors. Untreated or unidentified depression and access to firearms are identified as major risk factors for suicide. Firearm suicides are increasing in rural areas, while suicides by falls decrease. To reduce suicide death disparities and achieve health equity, emphasis should be placed on policies and universal programs to reduce suicidal behaviors and improving strategies for depression and firearm prevention.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Leslie B. Adams, Roland J. J. Thorpe Jr
Summary: Despite a decrease in suicide rates in the United States, suicide among Black males has increased in recent decades, making it the third leading cause of death in this population. However, there is little empirical evidence to investigate the alarming trends in Black male suicide. This article presents areas for expansion in suicide prevention research, focusing on culturally responsive strategies to achieve mental health equity. It also identifies gaps in existing research and provides future recommendations to reduce suicide deaths among Black males, with the aim of ensuring their inclusion in suicide prevention efforts.
FRONTIERS IN PUBLIC HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Medical Informatics
Margaret A. Handley, Jerad Landeros, Cindie Wu, Adriana Najmabadi, Daniela Vargas, Priyanka Athavale
Summary: A study evaluated a bilingual intervention program for postpartum women, finding important differences in some but not all equity indicators based on language-specific factors. Early systems errors were quickly remedied, with high overall engagement and acceptability observed.
BMC MEDICAL INFORMATICS AND DECISION MAKING
(2021)
Editorial Material
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Lauren Gravitz
Summary: A special package that delves into the issues of unjust geography and offers potential solutions.
Article
Education & Educational Research
Charles Sanky, Halbert Bai, Celestine He, Jacob M. Appel
Summary: This study reveals that while medical students agree that racism has no place in healthcare, they have limited knowledge of historical events and figures in the history of American race relations and civil rights. This has implications for future physicians' patient care and health equity efforts.
BMC MEDICAL EDUCATION
(2022)
Article
Biology
Nancy S. Jecker
Summary: This article presents an ethical argument in favor of an international Pandemic Treaty, emphasizing the importance of global vaccine equity and pandemic preparedness. It evaluates existing approaches and proposes solidarity and mutual aid as more fitting ethical values for addressing emerging infectious diseases. The paper concludes that fair sharing of vaccines among nations is morally mandatory in an interconnected world.
YALE JOURNAL OF BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Jichuan Sheng, Ruzhu Zhang
Summary: This study examines the optimal strategies of micro-actors in REDD+ and their impact on efficiency and effectiveness. The findings suggest that equitable distribution can improve the efficiency of REDD+ but may not necessarily lead to improvements in effectiveness.
ENVIRONMENT DEVELOPMENT AND SUSTAINABILITY
(2023)
Review
Health Care Sciences & Services
Chinyere Okeke, Uchenna Ezenwaka, Adanma Ekenna, Chioma Onyedinma, Obinna Onwujekwe
Summary: The research indicates a slow improvement in service delivery coverage across tracer indicators, and significant disparities in healthcare service utilization among rural residents, lower educated individuals, and those with poor socioeconomic status over the past 20 years. However, there has been notable progress in ownership and use of long-lasting insecticide-treated nets among rural and lowest-wealth quantile households compared to urban counterparts.
BMC HEALTH SERVICES RESEARCH
(2023)
Editorial Material
Medicine, General & Internal
Debra Malina
Summary: Deconstructing inequities is a crucial step in addressing racism as a public health crisis in the U.S., requiring accurate measurement of progress to ensure collective accountability. Public Health Critical Race Praxis offers guiding principles for analyzing various health equity challenges.
NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Rachel Loopstra, Aaron Reeves, Valerie Tarasuk
JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY AND COMMUNITY HEALTH
(2019)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Aaron Reeves, Johan P. Mackenbach
SOCIAL SCIENCE & MEDICINE
(2019)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Alexi Gugushvili, Aaron Reeves, Ewa Jarosz
Editorial Material
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Arnab Acharya, John Gerring, Aaron Reeves
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Alexi Gugushvili, Aaron Reeves
Summary: The study conducted in 28 post-communist countries shows that self-rated health is better in more democratic countries and worse among those who believe that inequality has increased in recent years. Additionally, people in democracies are more likely to learn about increasing inequality through television, and when they do, it has a more detrimental effect on their health compared to individuals in autocracies. This indicates that being more aware of inequality can negatively impact self-rated health, despite the general positive influence of democracies on well-being.
SOCIAL SCIENCE & MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Development Studies
Aaron Reeves, Mark Fransham, Kitty Stewart, Ruth Patrick
Summary: This study found that after the UK lowered the benefit cap in 2016, the prevalence of depression or anxiety significantly increased among individuals at risk of being capped. Capping social security may increase the risk of mental ill health and could unintentionally push out-of-work individuals further away from the labor market.
SOCIAL POLICY & ADMINISTRATION
(2022)
Article
Development Studies
Robert de Vries, Aaron Reeves, Ben Geiger
Summary: This study examines the impact of bias against claimants from stigmatized social class backgrounds on welfare deservingness judgments in the United Kingdom. The findings suggest that the British public are more likely to endorse sanctions against claimants from lower social class backgrounds and are inclined to give the benefit of the doubt to claimants from less stigmatized class backgrounds. This research sheds light on the significance of social class background in shaping public perceptions of deservingness and may have implications for the treatment of claimants by the benefits system.
SOCIAL POLICY & ADMINISTRATION
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Aaron Reeves, Laura Sochas
Summary: The effect of democratization on child mortality rates varies across countries. Protest-led democratic transitions tend to result in lower-than-expected child mortality rates post-transition, while violence-led transitions tend to lead to higher-than-expected child mortality rates. This variation may be due to the fact that protest-led transitions are more likely to build broad coalitions committed to consensual politics post-transition.
SOCIAL SCIENCE & MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Public Administration
Kitty Stewart, Ruth Patrick, Aaron Reeves
Summary: This paper focuses on the changing poverty risk of larger families in the UK and argues that attention should be paid to the impact of family size on poverty risk. The analysis of Family Resource Survey data reveals that changes in child poverty rates have mainly affected larger families since 1997. Social security changes are identified as the central factor that has the greatest impact on larger families, who have greater needs for support due to lower work intensity and higher household needs. The paper aims to increase understanding of the effects of different poverty reduction strategies and inform policy debates in the UK and beyond, as well as provide evidence for contested debates about the state's role in providing financial support for children.
JOURNAL OF SOCIAL POLICY
(2023)
Article
Public Administration
Ewen Speed, Aaron Reeves
Summary: This paper explores why public engagement processes in decision-making and research have been less successfully incorporated into social security policymaking in the UK compared to health policy. The lack of formal imperative to involve those affected by out-of-work social security benefits in policy development and the limited scope for solidarity and collective action are identified as the key reasons for this difference.
JOURNAL OF SOCIAL POLICY
(2023)
Article
Public Administration
Aaron Reeves, Rachel Loopstra
Summary: This paper explores the relationship between the rise in food bank usage in the UK and the roll-out of Universal Credit. The study finds that an increase in Universal Credit prevalence is associated with more food parcel distribution, especially in areas where food banks are active. This suggests that food insecurity induced by Universal Credit may be hidden in places where food banks are largely unavailable.
JOURNAL OF SOCIAL POLICY
(2021)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Aaron Reeves
Summary: The study finds a correlation between collective bargaining institutions and mortality rates, but reducing economic inequality is not the key factor in improving health. Instead, collective bargaining improves health by increasing average wage growth.
SOCIOLOGY OF HEALTH & ILLNESS
(2021)
Article
Sociology
Sam Friedman, Aaron Reeves
AMERICAN SOCIOLOGICAL REVIEW
(2020)
Article
Health Policy & Services
Peter Baker, Thomas Hone, Aaron Reeves, Mauricio Avendano, Christopher Millett
HEALTH ECONOMICS POLICY AND LAW
(2019)
