Article
Psychology
Tianrui Luo, Liqiang Huang, Mi Tian
Summary: The retro-cue effect (RCE) enhances working memory performance when attention is directed to the tested position during the retention interval. This study investigates the relationship between RCE and working memory consolidation. Longer consolidation time erased the standard RCE in Experiments 1A and 1B. In Experiment 2, longer consolidation time diminished the RCE in a simultaneous display paradigm. Experiment 3 showed that post-cue time was used to consolidate memory traces. Experiment 4 demonstrated that longer consolidation time protected memory representations from invalid cue costs. The results support a consolidation account of the RCE.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY-LEARNING MEMORY AND COGNITION
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Experimental
Yin-Ting Lin, Daryl Fougnie
Summary: Selective mechanisms in working memory prioritize certain items, but reallocating resources from one item to another does not appear to be necessary for these selection effects. The study found that dropping a memory item in working memory was not influenced by its reward value, but rather affected the encoding of subsequently presented items.
Article
Psychology
Yin-ting Lin, Edyta Sasin, Daryl Fougnie
Summary: The study found that dual-task interference may affect internal prioritization in memory processes, but this impairment only occurs when the interference is strong enough.
ATTENTION PERCEPTION & PSYCHOPHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Alessandra S. Souza, Gidon T. Frischkorn
Summary: The limited capacity of working memory constrains how well we can think and act. This study evaluates age-related changes and individual differences in the retro-cue effect, which is the ability to focus attention in working memory. The results show that there is an age-related decline in the ability to boost evidence quality in working memory.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Ophthalmology
Ruyi Liu, Lijing Guo, Hong-Jin Sun, Tiina Parviainen, Zifang Zhou, Yuxin Cheng, Qiang Liu, Chaoxiong Ye
Summary: The use of dimension-based retro-cues improves performance in visual working memory tasks. This study investigates whether sustained attention is required for the dimension-based retro-cue benefit. The results demonstrate that perceptual interference or cognitive interruption attenuates the dimension-based retro-cue benefit, suggesting that sustained attention is necessary for effective prioritization of a specific dimension in visual working memory representations.
Article
Psychology, Biological
Lingxia Fan, Lin Zhang, Liuting Diao, Mengsi Xu, Ruiyang Chen, Xuemin Zhang
Summary: This study demonstrates that more salient features in visual working memory can actively guide attention, while less salient features cannot. However, when less salient features are prioritized, they can also influence attentional selection in visual search tasks. The findings suggest that bottom-up perceptual salience and top-down retro-cues both play a role in determining item state in VWM.
QUARTERLY JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Psychology, Experimental
Paul Zerr, Surya Gayet, Floris van den Esschert, Mitchel Kappen, Zoril Olah, Stefan Van der Stigchel
Summary: The study shows that retro-cues aid recall in visual short-term memory tasks by redistributing memory resources within the same low-capacity working memory store, rather than transferring information from a high-capacity memory store to visual working memory.
MEMORY & COGNITION
(2021)
Article
Psychology, Biological
Xueying Fu, Chaoxiong Ye, Zhonghua Hu, Ziyuan Li, Tengfei Liang, Qiang Liu
Summary: This study used electroencephalograms to investigate how the validity of retrospective cues can affect non-cued representations in visual working memory (VWM). The results showed that under high validity conditions, participants dropped non-cued representations from VWM, while under low validity conditions, they maintained non-cued representations. This suggests that the maintenance of non-cued representations in VWM is influenced by the expectation of cue validity.
BIOLOGICAL PSYCHOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Matthew F. Panichello, Timothy J. Buschman
Summary: Cognitive control guides behavior by controlling what, when, and how information is represented in the brain. Prefrontal cortex acts as a domain-general controller for both selection and attention, while parietal and visual cortex represent attention and selection independently. Selection and attention facilitate behavior by enhancing and transforming the representation of selected memory or attended stimulus.
Article
Psychology, Experimental
Chao Gao, Qi Zhang, Xiaoxiao Zhang
Summary: This study used ERP technique to investigate the existence of active inhibition in retro-cue Effect (RCE) in visual working memory. The results showed that there was no RCE in accuracy but reflected in the total reaction time due to the extension of the memory interval. The ERP results revealed that frontal LPP was larger in the directed forgetting condition, indicating the importance of active inhibition in directed forgetting RCE.
Article
Psychology
Zaifeng Gao, Jiaofeng Li, Jinglan Wu, Alessandro Dai, Huayu Liao, Mowei Shen
Summary: This study provides evidence that working memory and perception share an object-based focus of attention, and an object-based attention perceptual task can divert the focus of attention in working memory. Furthermore, the study confirms that sustained attention is not necessary for selective maintenance in working memory.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY-LEARNING MEMORY AND COGNITION
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Fabiano Botta, Juan Lupianez, Valerio Santangelo, Elisa Martin-Arevalo
Summary: Studies have shown enhanced performance with retro-cues in change detection tasks, leading to a debate on the existence of two different visual short-term memory stores.
Article
Psychology, Experimental
Zhuolun Li, Mengxuan Tong, Shiting Chen, Jiehui Qian
Summary: Recent studies have shown that the working memory for depth (WMd) and visual working memory (VWM) in a 2D context have significant differences. Cuing a memory item during retention can enhance memory performance in VWM, but it is unclear if this effect differs for WMd in a 3D context. The study found that attentional selection has a positive effect on WMd, preventing strategic removal of unattended items, with better memory performance when cueing depth order compared to other features or 2D locations.
MEMORY & COGNITION
(2021)
Article
Psychology
Ashley DiPuma, Holly A. Lockhart, Stephen M. Emrich, Edward F. Ester
Summary: Working memory performance can be improved by informative cues during storage. However, it is unclear whether this benefit extends to multiple memory locations. This study found that multiple retrocues did not improve memory performance compared to neutral trials, supporting the notion that retrocue benefits are limited to a single spatial location at a time.
ATTENTION PERCEPTION & PSYCHOPHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Ying Zhou, Clayton E. Curtis, Kartik K. Sreenivasan, Daryl Fougnie
Summary: This study investigates the relationship between working memory and attention using fMRI and machine learning. The results demonstrate that selecting items in working memory and shifting attention utilize similar neural mechanisms. These shared mechanisms control the relative gains of neural populations and encode behaviorally relevant information.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Psychology
Alessandra S. Souza, Theresa Thaler, Heinrich R. Liesefeld, Flavia H. Santos, Debora S. Peixoto, Pedro B. Albuquerque
Summary: Emotion is believed to change how people process information by modulating attentional focus, but this study failed to replicate previous findings that self-reported negative emotion boosted the precision of information stored in visual working memory, challenging the view that emotion modulates the quality and quantity of visual working memory.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY-HUMAN PERCEPTION AND PERFORMANCE
(2021)
Article
Psychology, Experimental
Clara Overkott, Alessandra S. Souza
Summary: Verbal descriptions can enhance visual memory, but the source of this benefit differs between short-term and long-term memory. In short-term memory, color labeling improves memory while object labeling impairs it. In long-term memory, only labeling of color-object binding shows benefits.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY-GENERAL
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Mathematical
Amy L. Atkinson, Klaus Oberauer, Richard J. Allen, Alessandra S. Souza
Summary: This study investigated how people prioritize valuable information in working memory and found that attentional refreshing contributes to the value effect.
PSYCHONOMIC BULLETIN & REVIEW
(2022)
Article
Psychology
Andra Arnicane, Alessandra S. Souza
Summary: Attention has multiple influences on visual working memory, including predicting performance and enhancing retrieval. This study found that focused selective attention can independently affect visual working memory, regardless of sustained attention.
ATTENTION PERCEPTION & PSYCHOPHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Experimental
Gidon T. Frischkorn, Claudia C. von Bastian, Alessandra S. Souza, Klaus Oberauer
Summary: Previous research suggests that executive functions explain individual differences in cognitive abilities, but reanalyzing the data shows that specific updating differences do not contribute significantly to performance in higher cognitive tasks.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY-GENERAL
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Experimental
Alessandra S. Souza, Klaus Oberauer
Summary: This study investigates the impact of repetition on visuospatial learning and finds that recalling all the information is crucial for promoting long-term learning.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY-GENERAL
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Vanessa M. Loaiza, Alessandra S. Souza
Summary: This study examined whether participants' eye fixations during the retention interval could serve as an online measure of memory refreshing. The results showed that spontaneous fixations did not predict recall precision, while fixations under instructed refreshing conditions had a positive effect on recall precision.
Article
Psychology, Experimental
Clara Overkott, Alessandra S. Souza, Candice C. Morey
Summary: Verbal labeling can help increase the quantity and quality of visual working memory in adults. However, it remains unclear when children begin to use labeling and whether they can benefit from it as well. This study found that spontaneous labeling abilities increase with age in children, and for younger children, prompted labeling can especially enhance their categorical memory.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY-GENERAL
(2023)
Article
Psychology
Nuno D. Sobrinho, Alessandra S. Souza
Summary: The study tested the impact of prior knowledge on visual working memory. The results indicate that prior knowledge only enhances visual working memory when it is relevant during the testing phase.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY-HUMAN PERCEPTION AND PERFORMANCE
(2023)
Article
Psychology
Clara Overkott, Alessandra S. Souza
Summary: Previous studies have shown that verbally labeling a visual feature improves its retention in visual working memory. However, the fate of nonlabeled visual features has not been explored. This study found that labeling increased memory for the labeled feature, even with arbitrary labels. However, the effects of labeling on nonlabeled features were inconsistent, with only occasional increases in guessing. The study suggests that labeling activates conceptual knowledge and enhances memory, but attentional demands of labeling can lead to forgetting.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY-HUMAN PERCEPTION AND PERFORMANCE
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Philipp Musfeld, Alessandra S. Souza, Klaus Oberauer
Summary: Learning improves through repetition. The Hebb repetition effect demonstrates that immediate serial recall performance is better for repeated lists compared to nonrepeated lists. This kind of learning is described as a slow and continuous accumulation of long-term memory traces over repetitions without the need for awareness, making it an instance of implicit learning.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Experimental
Timothy J. Ricker, Alessandra S. Souza, Evie Vergauwe
Summary: Visual working memory can maintain both continuous-perceptual information and discrete-categorical information about memory items. The representation structure in working memory differs for different features, with a joint-representation structure for orientation and separate-representations structure for color and shape. Existing models fail to capture this distinction, leading to mischaracterization of memory precision.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY-GENERAL
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Joao Vieira, Sao Luis Castro, Alessandra S. Souza
Summary: Behavioral change is seen as a way to combat climate change, but simply being concerned and aware of the importance of individual actions is not enough. Psychological barriers, such as feeling change is unnecessary or conflicting goals, have been proposed as reasons for the gap between attitudes and actions. This study found that psychological barriers negatively moderated the association between environmental attitudes and behavior in areas like reusing materials and food choices, highlighting their role in the attitude-behavior gap.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Alessandra S. Souza, Gidon T. Frischkorn
Summary: The limited capacity of working memory constrains how well we can think and act. This study evaluates age-related changes and individual differences in the retro-cue effect, which is the ability to focus attention in working memory. The results show that there is an age-related decline in the ability to boost evidence quality in working memory.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Psychology
Andra Arnicane, Alessandra S. Souza
Summary: Studies have shown that focusing on a specific feature in VWM can enhance memory accuracy and interactions between different features, the feature retro-cue effect can also increase memory probability.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY-HUMAN PERCEPTION AND PERFORMANCE
(2021)
