Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yeela Talmor-Barkan, Noam Bar, Aviv A. Shaul, Nir Shahaf, Anastasia Godneva, Yuval Bussi, Maya Lotan-Pompan, Adina Weinberger, Alon Shechter, Chava Chezar-Azerrad, Ziad Arow, Yoav Hammer, Kanta Chechi, Sofia K. Forslund, Sebastien Fromentin, Marc-Emmanuel Dumas, S. Dusko Ehrlich, Oluf Pedersen, Ran Kornowski, Eran Segal
Summary: Multi-omic profiling of patients with coronary artery disease reveals links between alterations in the serum metabolome with genetics, diet, and the microbiome. The study found that these metabolomic alterations are associated with metabolic impairment preceding clinically overt coronary artery disease. The results highlight the importance of understanding risk-factor heterogeneity in coronary artery disease through the serum metabolome.
Article
Physiology
Sandra Gegunde, Amparo Alfonso, Rebeca Alvarino, Nadia Perez-Fuentes, Jeremias Bayon-Lorenzo, Eva Alonso, Raymundo Ocaranza-Sanchez, Rosa Alba Abellas-Sequeiros, Melisa Santas-Alvarez, Mercedes R. Vieytes, Carlos Juanatey-Gonzalez, Luis M. Botana
Summary: This study revealed that serum levels of cyclophilin A and C are elevated in patients with coronary artery disease regardless of the presence of cardiovascular risk factors. On the other hand, cyclophilin B levels are increased in male patients with hypertension, type 2 diabetes, or high glucose levels. All three cyclophilins were significantly correlated with cardiovascular risk factors, with cyclophilin B specifically associated with type 2 diabetes. Multivariate analysis further demonstrated the predictive value of cyclophilin A and C in the presence of coronary artery disease, along with other cardiovascular risk factors. Additionally, high levels of cyclophilin B, combined with hypertension or dyslipidemia, increased the risk of coronary artery disease in male patients.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Donald M. Lloyd-Jones, Cora E. Lewis, Pamela J. Schreiner, James M. Shikany, Stephen Sidney, Jared P. Reis
Summary: The CARDIA study began in 1985-1986 with enrollment of 5,115 Black or White men and women ages 18 to 30 from 4 US communities. Over 35 years, CARDIA has contributed fundamentally to our understanding of cardiovascular health and disease, as well as associations between neighborhood environment, lifestyle behaviors, and biological risk factors.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF CARDIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Sadiya S. Khan, Wendy S. Post, Xiuqing Guo, Jingyi Tan, Fang Zhu, Daniel Bos, Bahar Sedaghati-Khayat, Jeroen van Rooij, Aaron Aday, Norrina B. Allen, Maxime M. Bos, Andre G. Uitterlinden, Matthew J. Budoff, Donald M. Lloyd-Jones, Jonathan D. Mosley, Jerome I. Rotter, Philip Greenland, Maryam Kavousi
Summary: Coronary artery calcium score and polygenic risk score were evaluated for their ability to predict risk of coronary heart disease (CHD) in two population-based studies. The results showed that coronary artery calcium score had better discrimination and improved risk prediction when added to traditional risk factors compared to the polygenic risk score.
JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Martin Bodtker Mortensen, Omar Dzaye, Henrik Bodtker, Flemming Hald Steffensen, Hans Erik Botker, Jesper Moller Jensen, Niels Peter Ronnow Sand, Michael Maeng, Kevin Kris Warnakula Olesen, Henrik Toft Sorensen, Helle Kanstrup, Ron Blankstein, Michael J. Blaha, Bjarne Linde Norgaard
Summary: In young patients, there is a strong interaction between coronary artery calcium (CAC) and risk factors in predicting obstructive coronary artery disease (CAD) and future coronary heart disease (CHD) risk. Even with the presence of risk factors, a low CAC score can still be a high-risk marker. It is important to assess both risk factors and CAC simultaneously when evaluating risk in young patients.
JACC-CARDIOVASCULAR IMAGING
(2021)
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Andrea N. Georgiou, Loukas Zagkos, Georgios Markozannes, Christos V. Chalitsios, Alexandros G. Asimakopoulos, Wei Xu, Lijuan Wang, Ines Mesa-Eguiagaray, Xuan Zhou, Eleni M. Loizidou, Nikolaos Kretsavos, Evropi Theodoratou, Dipender Gill, Stephen Burgess, Evangelos Evangelou, Konstantinos K. Tsilidis, Ioanna Tzoulaki
Summary: This systematic review evaluated the evidence for causality between a broad range of exposures and coronary artery disease and stroke using Mendelian randomization (MR) studies. The findings showed that only a limited number of associations were supported by robust evidence, highlighting the need for further research on sensitivity MR analyses and mediation effects.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN HEART ASSOCIATION
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Amir S. Heravi, Di Zhao, Erin D. Michos, Henrique Doria De Vasconcellos, Bharath Ambale-Venkatesh, Donald Lloyd-Jones, Pamela J. Schreiner, Jared P. Reis, James M. Shikany, Cora E. Lewis, Chiadi E. Ndumele, Eliseo Guallar, Pamela Ouyang, Ron C. Hoogeveen, Joao A. C. Lima, Wendy S. Post, Dhananjay Vaidya
Summary: This study investigated the association between oxidative stress and cardiovascular diseases, finding that female individuals had higher levels of oxidative stress. Furthermore, factors such as higher body mass index, lipid levels, smoking, and lack of physical activity were also associated with higher oxidative stress. This suggests that oxidative stress may play an important role in cardiovascular diseases.
Article
Immunology
Xiaoxuan Ma, Meiming Su, Qingze He, Zhidan Zhang, Fanshun Zhang, Zhenghong Liu, Lu Sun, Jianping Weng, Suowen Xu
Summary: By analyzing human plaque tissue data and conducting experiments on mice, this study identifies PHACTR1 as being associated with endothelial dysfunction, which it regulates through inflammation response and NO production, and finds that its expression can be reduced by certain drugs.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Anurag Mehta, Nestor Vasquez, Colby R. Ayers, Jaideep Patel, Ananya Hooda, Amit Khera, Roger S. Blumenthal, Michael D. Shapiro, Carlos J. Rodriguez, Michael Y. Tsai, Laurence S. Sperling, Salim S. Virani, Michael J. Blaha, Parag H. Joshi
Summary: Elevated lipoprotein(a) and coronary artery calcium are independently associated with ASCVD risk, and may be concurrently useful in guiding primary prevention therapy decisions, as demonstrated in the MESA and DHS cohorts.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF CARDIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Aniruddh P. Patel, Minxian Wang, Yunfeng Ruan, Satoshi Koyama, Shoa L. Clarke, Xiong Yang, Catherine Tcheandjieu, Saaket Agrawal, Akl C. Fahed, Patrick T. Ellinor, Philip Tsao, Yan Sun, Kelly Cho, Peter W. F. L. Wilson, Themistocles L. Assimes, David A. van Heel, Adam S. Butterworth, Krishna G. Aragam, Pradeep Natarajan, Amit V. Khera
Summary: A new polygenic risk score for coronary artery disease called GPS(Mult) has been developed using data from individuals of five different ancestries, which has increased accuracy across diverse populations. The GPS(Mult) strongly associates with prevalent and incident CAD events, and outperforms previously published CAD polygenic scores in multiethnic validation datasets. These findings contribute to the field of polygenic risk prediction for CAD and provide a framework for integrating genetic association data from diverse populations.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Julian Jakob, Odile Stalder, Tali Kali, Etienne Pruvot, Mark J. Pletcher, Jamal S. Rana, Stephen Sidney, Reto Auer
Summary: Recent current cannabis use is associated with lower resting heart rate, but this association appears to be transient as past cumulative exposure to cannabis was not related to heart rate.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Katrina D. Neiburga, Baiba Vilne, Sabine Bauer, Dario Bongiovanni, Tilman Ziegler, Mark Lachmann, Simon Wengert, Johann S. Hawe, Ulrich Gueldener, Annie M. Westerlund, Ling Li, Shichao Pang, Chuhua Yang, Kathrin Saar, Norbert Huebner, Lars Maegdefessel, Ruediger Lange, Markus Krane, Heribert Schunkert, Moritz von Scheidt
Summary: This study analyzed tissue-specific miRs derived from IMA samples from 192 CAD patients and identified 17 miRs significantly correlated with cardiovascular risk factors. Of particular interest, miR-5701 was positively correlated with hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, and diabetes, while miR-629-5p and miR-98-5p were significantly correlated with acute myocardial infarction. This first atlas of miR profiles in IMA samples from CAD patients may play an important role in improved risk assessment, mechanistic disease understanding, and local therapy of CAD.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Raija Lithovius, Anni A. Antikainen, Stefan Mutter, Erkka Valo, Carol Forsblom, Valma Harjutsalo, Niina Sandholm, Per-Henrik Groop
Summary: This study explores the use of a genetic risk score (GRS) for coronary artery disease (CAD) risk prediction in individuals with type 1 diabetes. The GRS showed similar predictive performance to established clinical markers and was more effective in younger individuals.
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Tianyu Xia, Bo Li, Wei Zhang, Zhe Wang, Xiaofeng Ye, Mi Zhou, Haiqing Li, Jiapei Qiu, Yunpeng Zhu, Qiang Zhao
Summary: Our study aimed to identify the independent risk factors for major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE-4) after coronary artery bypass grafting using radial artery grafts (RA-CABG). We found that prior myocardial infarction and radial artery graft to the left anterior descending artery (non-left internal mammary artery to LAD) were independent predictors of MACE-4 after RA-CABG.
FRONTIERS IN CARDIOVASCULAR MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Jennifer Sacramento-Pacheco, Maria Begona Sanchez-Gomez, Juan Gomez-Salgado, Maria Mercedes Novo-Munoz, Gonzalo Duarte-Climents
Summary: Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death in Spain, mainly due to the lack of control of cardiovascular risk factors. The prevalence of these risk factors varies across different autonomous regions in Spain, with high blood pressure, smoking, diabetes, overweight, and obesity being the most common.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Joy N. Jones Buie, Yue Zhou, Andrew J. Goodwin, James A. Cook, John Vournakis, Marina Demcheva, Ann-Marie Broome, Suraj Dixit, Perry V. Halushka, Hongkuan Fan
Article
Physiology
Andrew J. Goodwin, Pengfei Li, Perry V. Halushka, James A. Cook, Aman S. Sumal, Hongkuan Fan
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-LUNG CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR PHYSIOLOGY
(2020)
Article
Immunology
Yan Wu, Pengfei Li, Andrew J. Goodwin, James A. Cook, Perry Halushka, Basilia Zingarelli, Hongkuan Fan
JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2020)
Article
Immunology
Xuan Wang, Mara Lennard Richard, Pengfei Li, Brittany Henry, Steven Schutt, Xue-Zhong Yu, Hongkuan Fan, Weiru Zhang, Gary Gilkeson, Xian K. Zhang
Summary: This study demonstrated that Fli-1 regulates the expression of GM-CSF in both T cells and endothelial cells through direct binding to the GM-CSF promoter and phosphorylation. Fli-1 also acts in an additive manner with another transcription factor Spl to regulate GM-CSF expression. Additionally, a low dose of the chemotherapeutic drug camptothecin inhibited the expression of Fli-1 and reduced GM-CSF production in human T cells. These findings provide insights into novel mechanisms for modulating GM-CSF expression and highlight Fli-1 as a critical regulator of inflammation and immunity that can be targeted for therapeutic intervention.
JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Pengfei Li, Yan Wu, Andrew J. Goodwin, Perry V. Halushka, Carole L. Wilson, Lynn M. Schnapp, Hongkuan Fan
Summary: The study successfully established an immortalized human lung pericyte cell line, providing a promising tool for understanding human lung pericyte physiology and pathophysiology through in vitro studies.
LABORATORY INVESTIGATION
(2021)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Xingjiang Mu, Hongkuan Fan, Peng Wang, Yutian Li, Karen Domenico, Qianqian Li, Xiaohong Wang, Kobina Essandoh, Jing Chen, Tianqing Peng, Guo-Chang Fan
Summary: Tissue-resident macrophages (TRMs) are crucial for maintaining tissue homeostasis and organ function, with Sectm1a identified as a novel regulator of TRM self-renewal. Sectm1a contributes to stabilizing TRM populations and improving host immune response to acute inflammation, suggesting its potential as a new therapeutic agent for treating inflammatory diseases.
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Pengfei Li, Yan Wu, Eric D. Hamlett, Andrew J. Goodwin, Perry Halushka, Steven L. Carroll, Meng Liu, Hongkuan Fan
Summary: The transcription factor Fli-1 plays a role in the loss of pericytes, inflammatory response, AD deposition, vascular dysfunction, and cognitive decline in AD. Inhibition of Fli-1 may represent a novel therapeutic strategy for AD.
Article
Biology
Hua Wei, Erica Green, Lauren Ball, Hongkuan Fan, Jennifer Lee, Charlie Strange, Hongjun Wang
Summary: The study compared the protein profiles of extracellular vesicles from control and hAAT-MSCs, showing that hAAT-MSCs have a distinct profile of exosomal proteins related to immune function, stem cell differentiation, and carbohydrate metabolism. These differences could contribute to improved therapeutic functions.
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Yan Wu, Pengfei Li, Liu Liu, Andrew J. Goodwin, Perry Halushka, Tetsuro Hirose, Shinichi Nakagawa, Jiliang Zhou, Meng Liu, Hongkuan Fan
Summary: This study reveals the important role of Neat1 in Sepsis-associated encephalopathy (SAE). Neat1 interacts with Hbb to suppress PSD-95 expression, reduce dendritic spine density, and induce cognitive impairment. Silencing Neat1 can ameliorate anxiety and cognitive impairment. This finding may provide new insights into the treatment of SAE.
Article
Ophthalmology
Jie Fan, Jian Liu, Jiali Liu, Peggi M. Angel, Richard R. Drake, Yan Wu, Hongkuan Fan, Yiannis Koutalos, Craig E. Crosson
Summary: This study investigates the localization and activity of sphingomyelinases (SMase) in the retina and optic nerve head, as well as their response to ocular hypertension and ischemia. The results show the presence of ASMase and NSMase in both the retina and optic nerve head, with higher baseline ASMase activity. Additionally, only ASMase activity is significantly increased in ocular ischemia and hypertension.
EXPERIMENTAL EYE RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Wangbin Ning, Wanli Xu, Xiaomei Cong, Hongkuan Fan, Gary Gilkeson, Xueling Wu, Heather Hughes, Wei Jiang
Summary: COVID-19 vaccination in a healthy woman induced specific autoantibodies against type I interferons, which did not cause autoimmune diseases. However, these antibodies were found to suppress immune responses to exogenous interferons. Additionally, the woman experienced severe dermatitis for about six months after receiving the second dose of vaccine.
JOURNAL OF AUTOIMMUNITY
(2022)
Article
Virology
Wei Jiang, Douglas Johnson, Ruth Adekunle, Hughes Heather, Wanli Xu, Xiaomei Cong, Xueling Wu, Hongkuan Fan, Lars-Magnus Andersson, Josefina Robertson, Magnus Gisslen
Summary: COVID-19 is associated with autoimmune features and autoantibody production, with neutralizing antitype I interferons autoantibodies linked to disease severity. Patients had increased IgGs against the virus proteins and autoreactive IgGs and IgMs compared to controls. However, autoantibody levels were not associated with disease severity. Long-term immunity against HCOV-22E and HCOV-NL63 spike proteins was linked to mild disease outcome.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY
(2023)
Review
Cell Biology
Pengfei Li, Hongkuan Fan
Summary: Pericytes are specialized cells that play crucial roles in regulating blood flow, stabilizing vessel walls, and maintaining the integrity of the blood-brain barrier. The loss of pericytes has been associated with various diseases, and this review explores methods for detecting pericyte loss, elucidates potential mechanisms, and discusses therapeutic strategies and future interventions.
Article
Microbiology
Jason Wan, Hongkuan Fan
Summary: The dysbiosis of oral microbiomes is associated with the development of Alzheimer's disease and the central pathological feature of the disease.
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Yue Zhou, Pengfei Li, Andrew J. Goodwin, James A. Cook, Perry V. Halushka, Eugene Chang, Basilia Zingarelli, Hongkuan Fan
