Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Kwang-Min Lee, Eun-Chan Seo, Jeong-Hyung Lee, Hyo-Jin Kim, Cheol Hwangbo
Summary: Syntenin serves as an important adaptor and scaffold protein, participating in multiple signaling pathways and modulating cellular physiology. It plays a significant role in regulating exosome trafficking and communication between cells. Targeting the regulation mechanism of exosomes by syntenin-1 and microRNAs may provide a novel treatment strategy for cancer.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Rudra Kashyap, Marielle Balzano, Benoit Lechat, Kathleen Lambaerts, Antonio Luis Egea-Jimenez, Frederique Lembo, Joanna Fares, Sofie Meeussen, Sebastian Kuegler, Anton Roebroek, Guido David, Pascale Zimmermann
Summary: Syntenin plays a crucial role in exosomal transfers by directing endocytosed cargo to budding endosomal membranes and supporting viral/exosomal exchanges. It, along with heparan sulfate proteoglycans, is identified as a key component for macromolecular cargo internalization into cells.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sofia V. Krylova, Daorong Feng
Summary: Exosomes are small membrane-contained vesicles secreted by cells, which play important roles in maintaining cellular homeostasis, facilitating intercellular communication, and removing cellular debris. They are being extensively studied as potential diagnostic markers and therapeutic targets in various diseases. However, the underlying mechanisms of exosome biogenesis, release and uptake are still largely unknown. This review aims to provide updated molecular details of these processes to facilitate the design of future impactful exosome experiments.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Cell Biology
Siwen Qin, Jilong Cao, Xiaoxue Ma
Summary: Immunotherapy is increasingly used in clinical practice to treat tumors, but its efficacy varies and drug resistance often occurs. This review focuses on the significance of tumor-derived exosomes in clinical treatment and how modifying these exosomes may enhance immune effectiveness. It discusses exosome components, such as RNA, lipids, and proteins, as well as the role of membrane molecules. The importance of engineered exosomes for tumor immunotherapy is also highlighted, with the aim of proposing new strategies to improve efficacy.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Scott Ferguson, Katherine S. Yang, Piotr Zelga, Andrew S. Liss, Jonathan C. T. Carlson, Carlos Fernandez del Castillo, Ralph Weissleder
Summary: This study shows that tumor cell-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) have potential as circulating biomarkers for early cancer detection. Single-EV analysis (sEVA) technique improves diagnostic accuracy for pancreatic cancer (PDAC), even when the levels of KRAS(mut) and P53(mut) proteins are low.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Raphael Leblanc, Rania Ghossoub, Armelle Goubard, Remy Castellano, Joanna Fares, Luc Camoin, Stephane Audebert, Marielle Balzano, Berna Bou-Tayeh, Cyril Fauriat, Norbert Vey, Sylvain Garciaz, Jean-Paul Borg, Yves Collette, Michel Aurrand-Lions, Guido David, Pascale Zimmermann
Summary: This study reveals a vicious signaling loop potentially at the heart of AML-stroma crosstalk and unexpected tumor-suppressive effects of syntenin that need to be considered during systemic targeting of syntenin in cancer therapy.
EMBO MOLECULAR MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Songjie Shen, Yu Song, Bin Zhao, Yali Xu, Xinyu Ren, Yidong Zhou, Qiang Sun
Summary: The study identified miR-7641 as a key miRNA in cancer-derived exosomes promoting tumor progression and metastasis via intercellular communication. Exosomal miR-7641 may serve as a non-invasive diagnostic biomarker and potential therapeutic target in breast cancer treatment.
CELL COMMUNICATION AND SIGNALING
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Dan Wang, Yingying Han, Lushan Peng, Tao Huang, Xiaoyun He, Junpu Wang, Chunlin Ou
Summary: N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is the most abundant RNA modification in eukaryotes, which regulates the expression and function of both coding and non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) in various diseases, including malignant tumors. Recent studies have shown that the crosstalk between m6A modifications and ncRNAs plays an important role in the biological regulation of the tumor microenvironment (TME). This review provides a deeper understanding of the relationship between m6A-related ncRNAs and TME, which is of great significance for the development of precise tumor therapy strategies.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Cell Biology
Alberto Hernandez-Barranco, Laura Nogues, Hector Peinado
Summary: Pre-metastatic niches provide favorable conditions for tumor cells, with tumor-derived extracellular vesicles potentially playing a role in early metastatic dissemination and dormancy. Further research is needed to confirm the molecular mechanisms of extracellular vesicles in the formation of metastatic niches and tumor cell awakening.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Ruirui Li, Zhongchen Ma, Wei Zheng, Yangyang Xiao, Zhen Wang, Jihai Yi, Yong Wang, Chuangfu Chen
Summary: This study identified the interaction between the important virulence factor Ats-1 of A. phagocytophilum and the host cell protein syntenin-1, and further revealed the mechanism by which Ats-1 regulates host cell exosome secretion through syntenin-1.
Article
Oncology
Chen Chen, Yang Liu, Lin Liu, Chaohua Si, Yanxin Xu, Xiaoke Wu, Chengzeng Wang, Zhenqiang Sun, Qiaozhen Kang
Summary: This study found that exosomes derived from colorectal cancer cells carry circTUBGCP4, which induces tip cell formation in vascular endothelial cells, promoting angiogenesis and tumor metastasis through the activation of the Akt signaling pathway.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Yoon-Tae Kang, Zeqi Niu, Thomas Hadlock, Emma Purcell, Ting-Wen Lo, Mina Zeinali, Sarah Owen, Venkateshwar G. Keshamouni, Rishindra Reddy, Nithya Ramnath, Sunitha Nagrath
Summary: NK cells and their derived exosomes play a crucial role in cancer immunotherapy, as they exhibit high stability and lower immunogenicity, providing possibilities for personalized treatments. A novel microfluidic system for collecting patient-specific NK cells and NK-exosomes on chips offers potential applications in cancer therapies.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Lingyun Wang, Zhichao Sun, Hongmei Wang
Summary: Extracellular vesicles (EVs) serve as nano-level information carriers, maintaining the transmembrane transport of biomolecules and the homeostasis of normal cells by being absorbed by specific recipient cells. EVs of different origins have varying effects on tumor development, with some mediating tumor immunosuppressive responses and others facilitating antitumor immune activation. Understanding the interaction and connection of EVs in immunosuppression and immune response is crucial for their clinical application in tumor immunity regulation.
JOURNAL OF CELLULAR BIOCHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Chenfei Zhou, Changting Qiao, Jun Ji, Wenqi Xi, Jinling Jiang, Liting Guo, Junwei Wu, Feng Qi, Qu Cai, Steven W. M. Olde Damink, Jun Zhang
Summary: Organ-specific metastasis is a unique mode of metastasis in gastric cancer, and the role of exosomes in this process is not fully understood. This study aimed to investigate the biological functions of plasma exosome proteins and their correlation with organ-specific metastasis in gastric cancer. The results showed that ILK1 and CD14 were associated with organ-specific metastasis and played a role in regulating malignant behaviors in gastric cancer cells. These findings highlight the importance of exosome proteins in driving tumor metastasis and provide new insights into the mechanisms of organ-specific metastasis in gastric cancer.
Review
Cell Biology
YanJun Zhang, Lijuan Zhan, Jing Li, Xue Jiang, Li Yin
Summary: N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is the most abundant RNA modification in eukaryotes and plays a role in regulating pathophysiological processes in various diseases. Studies have shown that m6A modification regulates the production and stability of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), which in turn regulate expression of m6A-related proteins. The tumor microenvironment (TME), consisting of stromal cells, immune cells, and inflammatory factors, is closely related to tumor development. Recent research has identified the importance of the interplay between m6A modifications and ncRNAs in regulating the TME. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of the effects of m6A modification-associated ncRNAs on various aspects of the TME, highlighting their potential as detection markers and liquid biopsy tools.